Main outcomes of development of specialized pulmonological medical care in Russian Federation in 2004–2010.

Based on: Baur X., Sigsgaard T., Aasen T.B. et al. Guidelines for the management of work)related asthma. Eur. Respir. J. 2012; 39: 529–545.

DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00096111

Summary. Within the framework of a programme on imposition of ban on tobacco consumption in 4 healthcare facilities at Moscow, healthcare workers were questioned in order to evaluate their adherence to this intervention. Totally, 715 healthcare workers were questioned. The questionnaire included different items regarding tobacco consumption, medical aid for smoking cessation, and a ban on tobacco consumption. Due to a high prevalence of smoking among healthcare workers, insufficient knowledge on harm of tobacco smoking and inadequate promptness for imposition of a ban on tobacco consumption, principal ways to increase the readiness for imposition of a ban on tobacco consumption have been outlined.

Summary. This article presents data on the incidence of respiratory diseases and respiratory symptoms among residents of Krasnoyarsk Krai under the GARD depending on territory of residence, age, sex and smoking habits. Data analysis showed that respiratory symptoms were revealed more often in females. Proportion of smokers was 45.2 % but it was higher in age groups of 18–29 and 30–39 years (55 % and 54 %, respectively). Respiratory symptoms among smokers accounted for 51 %, among non-smokers 39 %. Of 753 spirometry performed, abnormalities were found in 27.4 %.

Summary. Among students of four Samara high schools aged 17–27 years tobacco smoking prevalence and status were analyzed by means of a specially developed 13-point questionnaire. In general, 37 % of students (59 % of males and 15 % of females) were smokers. The most prevalent smoking duration was 4–7 years. A high risk group consisted of young persons of 22 years old irrespectively of gender with the highest number (68 %) of smokers. Healthy young people were more disposed to tobacco smoking. The most informative test parameters with the highest sensitivity and specificity were: smoking habit, PEF, duration of smoking, intensity of smoking, smoking index. The results of the study led to development of recommendations for regional preventive medical centers.

Summary. According to the GARD program, 3,800 respondents (from 85,500 adult residents of a town of Kuzbass region) were questioned using the GARD Program Protocol. The mean age of the respondents was 47.6 years; 58 % were employed, 40 % had hazard exposure on working place, 9 % lived in houses with stove heating, 41 % were smokers.

A high prevalence of respiratory symptoms was found: 27.3 % of respondents complained cough, 24.6 % expectorated sputum, 22.3 % had wheezing, and 35.2 % experienced shortness of breath. 152 persons with respiratory symptoms and COPD risk factors underwent spirometry; obstructive disorders were found in 46.7 % of them, COPD was diagnosed in 39.5 %.

Summary. A screening of clerical personnel not exposed to occupational hazards was performed in Moscow region to reveal risk factors for occurrence of cardiorespiratory and metabolic disorders. The most frequent complaints were related to hypodynamia, dry eye syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome. Respiratory symptoms (cough, sputum production) accounted for 32 %. High proportion of smokers (60 %) was found among young persons of 20 to 40 years old, 62 subjects (31 %) had increased exhaled carbon monoxide level (7–58 ppm). A risk of respiratory disease was found in 68 subjects (34 %), risk of cardiovascular disease was found in 24 (12 %), and risk of metabolic disorders was found in 90 subjects (45 %).

Summary. Clinical and functional investigations demonstrated a benefit from inclusion of total bath with Biolong in a therapeutic and rehabilitation programme for patients with COPD and asthma. The advantages of administering the hydropathical factor with anti-hypoxic and anti-oxidant effects to patients with bronchial asthma were demonstrated.

Summary. A retrospective cohort study of 105 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was held. Patients were divided in 2 groups: 1) those with pulmonary involvement (n = 63) and 2) those without pulmonary involvement (n = 42). Standard clinical and biochemical examination, immunological tests, hemostasis assessment, electrocardiography, echocardiography, chest X-ray examination were performed. We noted that SLE with pulmonary involvement was accompanied by significantly more frequent lesions of cardiovascular and digestive systems, IgA level abnormalities and radiological signs of deformed and increased pulmonary vascularity, blurred hilus and pleural thickening.

Summary. A retrospective cohort study of 105 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was held. Patients were divided in 2 groups: 1) those with pulmonary involvement (n = 63) and 2) those without pulmonary involvement (n = 42). Standard clinical and biochemical examination, immunological tests, hemostasis assessment, electrocardiography, echocardiography, chest X-ray examination were performed. We noted that SLE with pulmonary involvement was accompanied by significantly more frequent lesions of cardiovascular and digestive systems, IgA level abnormalities and radiological signs of deformed and increased pulmonary vascularity, blurred hilus and pleural thickening.

Summary. In this study, diagnostic value of pleural needle biopsy has been estimated. Biopsy specimens were obtained from 226 patients with pleural exudates of different etiologies. A high diagnostic sensitivity of this procedure was estimated under the lowest rate of complications. 

Cachexia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: diagnosis and treatment.

Current approach to antibacterial therapy of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Generic inhaled drugs: how to evaluate their properties?

To the 45th birthday of Scientific and Research Pulmonology Institute of Academician Ivan P.Pavlov's medical university in Sankt-Petersburg.