Epidemiology of lung cancer in Siberia and Russian Far East.

По материалам: Travis W.D., Costabel U., Hansell D.M. et al. An official American Thoracic Society / European Respiratory Society Statement: Update of the international multidisciplinary classification of the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2013, 188 (6): 733–748.

Summary. To develop quality indicators and analytic models aimed at evaluation quality of specialized pneumological care, we have reviewed literature and currently published laws and regulations. This analysis resulted in development of 4 indicators of structure, 6 indicators of medical activities, and 23 indicators of results of healthcare. Thereafter, these indicators were validated using official statistic reports of three clinics. Results demonstrated that these quality indicators could be used to assess quality of medical care and specialized pneumological care; they allow summarize and compare results of work of healthcare facilities.

Summary. Regional ventilation-perfusion ratio (V / Q), alveolar-capillary permeability (ACP) and pulmonary tissue non-elastic resistance (PTNER) were studied in 25 patients with moderate persistent bronchial asthma (BA) with length of the disease of 1.5–2 years after first manifestation and in 55 healthy volunteers. In patients with normal bronchial resistance (Raw) the regional PTNER was increased in lower areas of the lungs; in patients with increased Raw PTNER was increased in lower and middle areas which was accompanied by similar increase in V / Q in the middle and lower areas of the lungs. Total increase in ACP was registered independently on the level of Raw and regional TNPR; this fact suggests the disorders in the alveolar department of the lungs and could improve diagnosis of early-stage BA.

Summary. This was the first retrospective clinical study of efficacy of common antibiotics (amoxicillin / clavulanate, clarithromycin, imipenem / cilastatin) administered ex juvantibus to differentiate pulmonary tuberculosis and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Administration of these antibiotics in 162 patients with confirmed pulmonary TB led to significant activation of pulmonary inflammation, extended infiltration of the lung tissue, cavitation and bronchogenic dissemination, culturing of M. tuberculosis from sputum and clinical worsening of the disease. On contrary, in 108 patients with CAP, the same antibiotics resulted in resolution of pulmonary infiltrates and relief of signs of the disease. Amoxicillin / clavulanate, clarithromycin and imipenem / cilastatin were proven not to have any effect on M. tuberculosis including those with MDR; they do not pertain to antiTB chemotherapeutic drugs.

Summary. The results of treatment of 102 patients with infiltrative cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis and treatment failure have been analyzed in this article. Of them, 49 patients underwent implantation of endobronchial valve, 53 patients received a standard therapy and were as comparators. We monitored the patients' lung function during hospitalization and then at follow-up period. Implantation of endobronchial valve led to insignificant (< 10 % of the baseline) and reversible decrease in both lung volumes and airflow rates.

Summary. A local spectrum of Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance in penitentiary healthcare facilities at Kirov region has been studied. Drug resistance was found in 84.7 % of patients; the drug resistance to one anti-TB drug was found in 1.9 %, multiple drug resistance (MDR) was found in 9.3 % and multiple wide-spectrum drug resistance (MDR + XDR) was found in 73.6 % of cases. The resistance to most common anti-TB drugs was as follows: to isoniazid 82.9 %, to rifampicin 74.5 %, to ethambutol 76.9 %, and to streptomycin 72.2 %. MDR to first-line and second-line antiTB drugs was as high as 50.9 %. MDR to the most common anti-TB combination (isoniazid + rifampicin + ethambutol + streptomycin + ethionamide (protionamid)) was 13.4 %. Therefore, the chemotherapeutic regimens used the principal anti-TB drugs are expected no to be very effective in most patients treated in penitentiary healthcare facilities; their administration could induce further drug resistance of M. tuberculosis.

Pharmacotherapy of radiation-induced pulmonary lesions in oncologic patients.

Reasonability and perspectives of anti-cytokine and immune correcting therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

New abilities of administration of tiotropium bromide using the aerosol delivery device Respimat®.

A role of combined therapy with M-cholinolytic and β2-adrenomimetic drugs for bronchial obstruction.

Outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection at Smolensk region

Metastatic heart involvement as lung carcinoma complication.

Pregnancy and labour in a woman with left-side pleural effusion of unknown origin.

Successful treatment of adult cystic fibrosis patient with inhaled powder of tobramycin.

XXIII Russian National Congress on respiratory diseases.

A review of novel data on sarcoidosis introduced at the XXIII Russian National Congress on respiratory diseases.