Summary The influence of plasm apheresis (P ) on lung tissue infiltration (L T I) in 42 patients with severe forms of tuberculosis was studied. In 17 patients of the main group chem otherapy (C ) was combined with Pmade 5 — 6 times a week. While 25 patients of the control group received only C. In 12 patients of the main group a considerable reduction of LTI was achieved after 3 months of treatment while the same effects were reach ed only in 3 patients of the control group. The results of the study demonstrated the enhanced effect of tuberculosis С when used with P.

Chemoluminescence of leukocytes and antiradical activity of blood were studied in 21 patients with chronic evere lung insufficiency aged 48 to 78 years who received long -term oxygen therapy during treatment in hospital. The use of 38 % 0 2 for long-term therapy ( > 15 hous per day) provides improvement of the antiradical activity/lipid peroxidation relationship without any toxic effects.

A method of brea th muscle training using a simulator (S) with peak resistance at the beginning of the phases of inspiration and expirationis suggested. It was tested in 52 patients with chronic bronchitis (CB ). Its prevalence over trottle Swas found when compared in control group of 43 patients with CB. Lung functions, acid — base indexes and ultra — sound heart scans were made in all the patients.

Taking into consideration the rehabilitation experience of patients with miocardial infarction (Nikolayeva L. F., et al., 1983) the authors worked out the system, dividing the bronchitic patients into 4 functional classes (FC ). This system is based on registration of pathologic disturbances such as airway conductance and other lung function param eters, tolerance to physical exercise and inflammatory process activity. For more detailed characteristic of FC the regression equation has been elaborated. The identification of the patient’s FC determines the motor-climatic regime of therapeutic physical training . The use of the above mentioned FC system suggests that it may becomes the important way of health resort management optimization in patients withchronic bronchitis.

In 54 patients with aspirin asthm a (A) and 44 w ith other forms of A A D P and heparine induced thrombocyte (T) aggregation, TxA ₂ and PGI₂ serum levels, lung functions and lung microcirculation were studied. The control group consisted of 32 healthy subjects. There were a decrease of TxA ₂ and PGI₂ serum levels and an increase of T aggregation speed an d intensity in aspirin Apatients. While incubated w ith in creasing dose of aspirin low reactivity and high sensitivity of T to aspirin were found in vitro tests. A hypothesis of T role in aspirin A pathogenesis is formulated . Therepeutic effects of aspirin desensitization and ultra — violet blood treatment are discussed.

Experience gained in a group outpatient respiratory therapy of 362 patients with different chronic non-specific pulmonary diseases (in their remission stage) is generalized. The management of these patients was conducted at the Respiratory and Rehabilitation Centre organized under the auspices o f the Municipal Polyclinic No. 7 and directly supported by “ ETON ” , Russian — Bulgarian Joint Venture on Pulmonology Industry. Along with kinesiatrics and aerosoltherapy, the course of respiratory réadaptation included a number of equipment-aided and non -chemothepapeutic methods of respiratory treatment of patients with chronic non-specific pulmonary diseases, bronchitis, bronchial asthma, pulmonary emphysema and pneumosclerosis as well as subjects diagnosed as having frequent acute respiratory infections. Initial experience of prescribing long -term home oxygen therapy in serious cases of chronic respiratory insufficiency concurrent with arterial hypoxem ia and sometimes with hypercapnia, using “ DeVilbiss” Oxygen Concentrators for the purpose, is analysed. The obtained positive results confirm the idea of setting up a network of outpatient respiratory centres in different parts of this country bearing in mind unravorable environmen tal factors and high percentage of patients suffering from chronic pulmonary diseases.

The article deals w ith the analysis of recent years literary data on changes of lung blood-flow in patients with liver and biliary tract diseases. The authors report that in such patients pulmonary hypertension associated with the failure of microcirculation occurs more than in 90% of all cases. These phenomena seriously affect the respiratory system, fasten the onset of respiratory failure and worsen the prognosis for this group of patients. Thus, special attention, early diagnostics of the developing lung pathology as well as individual drug management are required for such patients.

The influence of trental on pulmonary microcirculation and central hemodynamics was assessed in 32 asthmatics with slight to mild degree of severity and systemic arterial hypertension in 21 of them. Direct methods of measuring blood circulation and lung scintigraphy were used. It turned out that lung microcirculation plays an important role in bronchial asthm a pathogenesis. In case of associated systemic hypertension, compensatory reactions realized by means of modifications in lung microcirculation can slow down the progression of gas exchange disturbances. Trental proved to be clearly effective in patients with bronchial asthma and can be used in treatment of such patients.

Clinical pharmacokinetics of single dose theopaec modifications (TM) was studied in asthma patients. Optimal dosage schedules were calculated. It was shown that doses and tablet cover structures were quite similar in TM. Pharmacokinetic différencies of TM concerned only processes of absorbtion. The bioviolability of theophylline in TM was equal and high (nearly 100 % ). Dose and regimen schedules of TM in asthma patients are given. Pharm acokinetic profile monitoring of theophylline is recomended.

The clinical effectivity of the new long-acting bronchodilator consisting of theophylline and sulbutamol in the form of a tablet with a special polymer carrier was investigated. Therapeutic effects of combipec were evaluated by clinical and instrumental methods before and on the 2nd, 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day of treatment. The results of lung function testing reliably increase in comparison with the results before treatment. Data indicate that combipec has a high clinical effect and minimazes the use of other drugs. Adverse reactions were minimal and were over by themselves without additional medicines.

Present investigation demonstrates pharmacokinetics (PC) study results (12 healthy patients) and influence of new controlled release fc-agonist (X) (salbutamol derivate — saventol) on respiratory function parameters. It has been found high broncholytic activity of the new drug — bronchodilation index> 40 %. Blood therapeutic concentration of saventol (2 osmogenic tablets— 12 mg) was achieved during 1-st hour and sustained during 14 hours after administration. Increase of parameters reflected bronchial conduction well correlated with PC data.

29 COPD patients with reversible airway obstruction (the increase in FEVi after 2 puffs of berotec was no less than 15 % from the baseline value) underwent the study. The onset of bronchodilating action after 1 puff of ditec was marked in 3— 5 minutes with maximum being achieved in 20— 30 minutes after the inhalation. The overall duration of action was 4 to 5 hours. The bronchodilating properties of ditec were similar to berotec ones. There was no significant difference in FEVi and FVC com pared to baseline values after disodium chromoglycate inhalation. The protective effect against exercise-induced bronchoconstriction was marked in 7 patients (24,4 % ) two hours after the inhalation of ditec. The same effect after berotec inhalation was marked only in 4 patients. The addition of ditec to the long-lasting treatm ent of patients with intrinsic bronchial asthma and steroid-dependent bronchial asthma resulted in improvement of their clinical condition and led to the opportunity of decreasing the supporting dosage of prednisone.

The goal of the study was the evaluation of possibility to correct bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) using lyposomal drug LYPIN (L). To examine bronchial response the challenge test with methaholine (M) was performed in acute study and after short-term treatment. Special attention was paid to influence of L on bronchial sensitivity to M and intensity of bronchoconstriction. According to obtained data the inhalation of L significantly decreased the bronchial response to M. PD₂₀FEF₁ increased by 134%. PD_1ooRtot— by 60%, PD₄₅MEF₅₀ — by 121% . The velocity of bronchoconstriction increment was lowered by 40 %. The degree of sensitivity to M remained unchanged. The authors suggest that BHR can be corrected by L inhalations.