Fascial cellular mediastinal spaces containing lymphatic nodes allocated regionally to lungs are described.
The incidence of different groups with intrathoracic lymphatic nodes involvement depending on the site of tum our origin was investigated.
Mediastinal lymphoidectomy approach with the removal of collateral mediastinal and fixed in roots lymphatic nodes is described. The findings in 802 patients treated with the mentioned method are presented (lymph impairments: NO in 290, N1 in 277, N3 in 20). Five year survival rate in monosurgical management of malignant cellular cancer was comprised in 53% (in NO — 70%, in N1 — 54%, in N2 — 33%).
Lymphoidectomy technique and approach are discussed.

Various techniques of use of low intensity lasers like helium-neon, semiconductive, and granate were elaborated as non-drug pathogenic remedy to increase the effectiveness of complex therapy in patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis.
The helium-neon laser was used endobronchially, intravenously, or acupuncturally in dependence on coupled or complicated pathology (non-specific endobronchitis, bronchial asthma). The semiconductive laser was used epicutaneously or endobronchially at the area of pathologic focus projection. The granate one was used epicutaneously at the area of large vessels. The elaborated techniques of laser therapy were used in complex treatment in 221 patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis.
The total effectivity of the treatment including combinations of sputum negativation cases and destruction caves closing was increased by laser phototherapy at 18—20% at the moment of dischargement. The same time, the courses of bacterioemission, destruction caves closing, and hospital treatment were restricted at 1.—1.5 months in average.

Before and after endobronchial laser therapy, 235 boiptates of mucosa from large bronchi and 561 samples of bronchial alveolar lavage (BAL) were studied in patients with chronic inflammatory pulmonary processes. It was shown that proliferative and metabolic processes in the damaged epithelium were induced by endobronchial treatment with helium-neon laser. The laser treatment repaired the structure of transitional forms and cells differentiation on cilliar and gobbled entities with normal ultrastructure. The percentage increase of macrophage count and decrease of neutrophil count were noted in BAL fluid. Induction of metabolic and proliferative activity of alveolar macrophages was revealed by the radioauthography study.
It was concluded, on a base of morphologic changes in lungs, that the clinical effect of laser therapy in chronic inflammatory pulmonary process is based on regeneratorial plastic reaction stimulation.

The randomised study showed the efficacy of two-day penicillinotherapy programme in 184 patients concerning community-acquired pneumonias and rational use of penicillin in daily dose less than 50 thousands Units/kg.

During the hard controlled study, the effeciency of polycomponent vaccina designed by SRI of I.I.Mechnikov was investigated. The satisfactory and excelent effect was found in 71.4% of patients, that expressed in the listening of remission, the decrease of the exacerbation frequency and the severity of the disease course, the decrease of the quantity of medication, the improvement of respiration. Vaccina therapy induces the increase of the level of antibodies to all the antigen components of the vaccina in the patients. The number of patients with low titres of the antibodies decreases and the number of patients with high ones increases. Vaccina therapy with VP-4 used in according to the offered medication scheme does not induce the increase of the total IgE level in serum. There is the sharp decrease of this parameter in patients with the initial high level of IgE.