Mechanisms of antioxidative stress caused by environmental air pollution: possibility of antioxidant defense
https://doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2015-25-6-736-742
Abstract
A review of recent epidemiological surveys of effect of air pollution on respiratory morbidity and mortality is shown in the article. Weighted particles initiate oxidative stress in the respiratory tract followed by chronic inflammation. Cytotoxic effects of weighted particles include apoptosis, reducing transmembrane mitochondrial potential, caspase activation and fragmentation of DNA. These mechanisms underlie carcinogenesis, development of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this situation, sufficient antioxidant capacity is crucial to support respiratory system functioning. Nacetylcysteine (NAC) has both direct and indirect antioxidant activity. This drug could inhibit apoptosis in cell culture, prevent inflammation in the airway caused by weighted particles aerosol exposure and inhibit bronchial hyperreactivity caused by inhalation of diesel fuel combustion products. Own results has also demonstrated. Preseasonal therapy with oral NAC 200 mg daily for 30 days significantly decreased total NO metabolite concentration in exhaled air condensate in patients with hay fever with or without asthma compared to healthy volunteers. Therefore, therapy with NAC could be considered as a promising approach to diminish an adverse effect of air pollutants on the respiratory system and to inhibit oxidative stress in allergic patient.
About the Authors
S. K. Soodaeva
Federal Pulmonology Research Institute, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia: 32, build. 4, 11th Parkovaya str., Moscow, 105077, Russia
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
MD, Professor, Head of Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Biophysics, Federal Pulmonology Research Institute, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia; tel.: (495) 465 5264
L. Yu. Nikitina
Khanty Mansiysk – Yugrа State Medical Academy: 40, Mira str., Khanty#Mansiysk, Tyumen region, Khanty#Mansiysk autonomous district, 628011, Russia
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
PhD, Head of Department of Therapy, Faculty of Postgraduate Physician Training, Khanty Mansiysk – Yugrа State Medical Academy; tel.: (908) 8828620, факс: (3467) 324588
I. A. Klimanov
Federal Pulmonology Research Institute, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia: 32, build. 4, 11th Parkovaya str., Moscow, 105077, Russia
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
PhD, Senior Researcher at Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Biophysics, Federal Pulmonology Research Institute, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia; tel.: (495) 465 5264
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Review
For citations:
Soodaeva S.K., Nikitina L.Yu., Klimanov I.A. Mechanisms of antioxidative stress caused by environmental air pollution: possibility of antioxidant defense. PULMONOLOGIYA. 2015;25(6):736-742. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2015-25-6-736-742
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