Exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a choice of antibacterial treatment
https://doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2014-0-6-65-72
Abstract
Exacerbation is a typical feature of the natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The leading role of bacteria substantiates use of antibacterial therapy in this disease. Antibacterial therapy of COPD exacerbation has been shown to shorten the length of exacerbation, to improve lung function and prognosis. Amoxicilline, newer macrolides, such as azithromycin, clarithromycin, or the 3rd generation of cephalosporins, such as cefixime, etc., are recommended for patients with uncomplicated exacerbation of mild to moderate COPD without risk factors. Amoxicilline / clavulanate or newer quinolones (levofloxacin or moxifloxacin) are recommended for patients with severe COPD and complicated exacerbation or with risk factors. Amoxicilline / clavulanate is highly effective in COPD exacerbations and significantly increases time to the first exacerbation compared to placebo. Dispersible tablets of amoxicilline / clavulanate could reduce a rate of adverse events in patients with exacerbation of COPD.
About the Author
S. N. Avdeev
Federal Institution "Pulmonology Research Institute", Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia: 32, build. 4, 11th Parkovaya ul., Moscow, 105077, Russia Summary
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
MD. Professor, Head of Clinical Department, Federal State Budget Institution "Pulmonology Research Institute", Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia; tel. / fax: (495) 465-52-64
References
1. Hurst J.R., Vestbo J., Anzueto A. et al. Susceptibility to exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 2010; 363: 1128–1138.
2. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). Global strategy for diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. NHLBI / WHO workshop report. Last updated 2014. www.goldcopd.org
3. Stanford R.H., Shen Y., McLaughlin T. Cost of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the emergency department and hospital: an analysis of administrative data from 218 US hospitals. Treat. Respir. Med. 2006; 5: 343–349.
4. O'Donnell D.E., Parker C.M. COPD exacerbations: Pathophysiology. Thorax. 2006; 61: 354–361.
5. Donaldson G.C., Seemungal T.A.R., Bhowmik A., Wedzicha J.A. Relationship between exacerbation frequency and lung function decline in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax. 2002; 57: 847–852.
6. Seemungal T.A.R., Donaldson G.C., Paul E.A. et al. Effect of exacerbation on quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 1998; 151: 1418–1422.
7. Miravitlles M., Murio C., Guerrero T. et al. Pharmacoeconomic evaluation of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and COPD. Chest. 2002; 121: 1449–1455.
8. Celli B.R., Barnes P.J. Effect of exacerbation on quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur. Respir. J. 2007; 29: 1224–1238.
9. Seneff M.G., Wagner D.P., Wagner R.P. et al. Hospital and 1-year survival of patients admitted to intensive care units with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. JAMA. 1995; 274: 1852–1857.
10. Connors A.F. Jr, Dawson N.V., Thomas C. et al. Outcomes following acute exacerbation of severe chronic obstructive lung disease. The SUPPORT investigators (Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks of Treatments). Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 1996; 154: 959–967.
11. Wouters E.F. The burden of COPD in The Netherlands: results from the Confronting COPD survey. Respir. Med. 2003; 97 (Suppl. C): S51–59.
12. Gunen H., Hacievliyagil S.S., Kosar F. et al. Factors affecting survival of hospitalised patients with COPD. Eur. Respir. J. 2005; 26: 234–241.
13. Kong G.K., Belman M.J., Weingarten S. Reducing length of stay for patients hospitalized with exacerbation of COPD by using a practice guideline. Chest. 1997; 111: 89–94.
14. Han M.K., Agusti A., Calverley P.M. et al. COPD phenotypes: The future of COPD. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2010; 182: 598–604.
15. Bafadhel M., McKenna S., Terry S. et al. Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Identification of biologic clusters and their biomarkers. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2011; 184: 662–671.
16. Aaron S.D., Donaldson G.C., Whitmore G.A. et al. Time course and pattern of COPD exacerbation onset. Thorax. 2012; 67: 238–243.
17. Papi A., Bellettato C.M., Braccioni F. et al. Infections and airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severe exacerbations. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2006; 173: 1114–1121.
18. Veeramachaneni S.B., Sethi S. Pathogenesis of bacterial exacerbations of COPD. COPD. 2006; 3: 109–115.
19. Eller J., Ede A., Schaberg T. et al. Infective exacerbations of chronic bronchitis: relation between bacteriologic etiology and lung function. Chest. 1998; 113: 1542–1548.
20. Hirschmann J.V. Do bacteria cause exacerbations of COPD? Chest. 2000; 118: 193–203.
21. Anthonisen N.R., Manfreda J., Warren C.P. et al. Antibiotic therapy in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ann. Intern. Med. 1987; 106: 196–204.
22. Roede B.M., Bresser P., El Moussaoui R. et al. Three vs. 10 days of amoxycillin-clavulanic acid for type 1 acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomised, double-blind study. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 2007; 13: 284–290.
23. Celli B.R., MacNee W. ATS / ERS Task Force. Standards for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with COPD: a summary of the ATS / ERS position paper. Eur. Respir. J. 2004; 23: 932–946.
24. Dev D., Sankaran E.W.R., Cunnife J. et al. Value of C-reactive protein in exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir. Med. 1998; 92: 664–667.
25. Авдеев С.Н., Баймаканова Г.Е., Зубаирова П.А. Возможности С-реактивного белка в диагностике бактериальной инфекции и пневмонии у больных с обострением хронической обструктивной болезни легких. Уральский медицинский журнал. 2008; 13: 19–24. / Avdeev S.N., Baymakanova G.E., Zubairova P.A. A role of C-reactive protein for diagnosis of bacterial infection and pneumonia in patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ural'skiy meditsinskiy zhurnal. 2008; 13: 19–24 (in Russian).
26. Wilson R., Jones P., Schaberg T. et al. Antibiotic treatment and factors influencing short and long term outcomes of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Thorax. 2006; 61: 337–342.
27. Woodhead M., Blasi F., Ewig S. et al. European Respiratory Society; European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Guidelines for the management of adult lower respiratory tract infections. Eur. Respir. J. 2005; 26: 1138–1180.
28. Федеральные клинические рекомендации по диагностике и лечению хронической обструктивной болезни легких. http://www.pulmonology.ru/publications/guide.php / Federal guidelines on diagnosis and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Available at: http://www. pulmonology.ru/publications/guide.php (in Russian).
29. Siempos I.I., Dimopoulos G., Korbila I.P. et al. Macrolides, quinolones and amoxicillin/clavulanate for chronic bronchitis: a meta-analysis. Eur. Respir. J. 2007; 29: 1127–1137.
30. Anzueto A., Fisher C.L. Jr, Busman T., Olson C.A. Comparison of the efficacy of extended-release clarithromycin tablets and amoxicillin / clavulanate tablets in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. Clin. Ther. 2001; 23: 72–86.
31. Amsden G.W., Baird I.M., Simon S., Treadway G. Efficacy and safety of azithromycin versus levofloxacin in the outpatient treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Chest. 2003; 123: 772–777.
32. Andre-Alves M.R., Jardim J.R., Silva R.F. et al. Comparison between azithromycin and amoxicillin in the treatment of infectious exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J. Bras. Pneumol. 2007; 33: 43–50.
33. Rubin B.K. Immunomodulatory properties of macrolides: overview and historical perspective. Am. J. Med. 2004; 117 (9A): 2S–4S.
34. EUCAST Expert rules in antimicrobial susceptibility testing, version 1, April 2008. http://www.EUCAST.org
35. Яковлев С.В. Цефиксим – новый препарат в арсенале антибиотиков для лечения обострений ХОБЛ. Русский медицинский журнал. 2011; 8: 494–497. / Yakovlev S.V. Cefixime as a new antibiotic for therapy of COPD exacerbation. Russkiy meditsinskiy zhurnal. 2011; 8: 494–497 (in Russian).
36. Козлов Р.С., Сивая О.В., Кречикова О.И. и др. Динамика резистентности Streptococcus pneumoniae к антибиотикам в России за период 1999–2009 гг. (Результаты многоцентрового проспективного исследования ПеГАС). Клиническая микробиология и антимикробная химиотерапия. 2010; 12 (4): 329–341. / Kozlov R.S., Sivaya O.V., Krechikova O.I. et al. Streptococcus pneumonia antibiotic resistance trend in Russia, 1999–2009 (Results of multicenter prospective study PeGAS). Klinicheskaya mikrobiologiya i antimikrobnaya khimioterapiya. 2010; 12 (4): 329–341 (in Russian).
37. Cazzola M., Vinsiguerra A., Beghi G. et al. Comparative evaluation of the clinical and microbiological efficacy of coamoxiclav vs cefixime or ciprofloxacin in bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. J. Chemother. 1995; 7 (5): 432–441.
38. Lorenz J., Steinfeld P., Drath L. et al. Efficacy and tolerability of 5vs 10-day cefixime therapy in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Clin. Drug Investig. 1998; 15: 13–20.
39. O'Donnell D.E., Hernandez P., Kaplan A. et al. Canadian Thoracic Society recommendations for management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – 2008 update – highlights for primary care. Can. Respir. J. 2008; 15 (Suppl. A): 1A–8A.
40. O'Donnell J.A., Gelone S.P. The newer fluoroquinolones. Infect. Dis. Clin. N. Am. 2004; 18: 691–716.
41. Blasi F., Tarsia P., Aliberti S. et al. Highlights on the appropriate use of fluoroquinolones in respiratory tract infections. Pulm. Pharmacol. Therap. 2006; 19: 11–19.
42. Lode H., Eller J., Linnhoff A., Ioanas M. The Evaluation of Therapy-Free Interval in COPD Patients Study Group. Levofloxacin versus clarithromycin in COPD exacerbation: focus on exacerbation-free interval. Eur. Respir. J. 2004; 24: 947–953.
43. Sethi S., Fogarty C., Fulambarker A. A randomized, double-blind study comparing 5 days oral gemifloxacin with 7 days oral levofloxacin in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. Respir. Med. 2004; 98: 697–707.
44. Wilson R., Allegra L., Huchon G. et al. MOSAIC Study Group. Short-term and long-term outcomes of moxifloxacin compared to standard antibiotic treatment in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Chest. 2004; 125: 953–964.
45. Geddes A.M., Klugman K.P., Rolinson G.N. Introduction: historical perspective and development of amoxicillin / clavulanate. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents. 2007; Suppl. 2: S109–S112.
46. McIvor R.A. Antibiotics in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Can. Fam. Physician. 2009; 55: 15–16, 19–21.
47. Сидоренко С.В., Козлов С.Н. Группа пенициллинов. В кн.: Страчунский Л.С., Белоусов Ю.Б., Козлов С.Н., ред. Практическое руководство по антиинфекционной химиотерапии. М.: Боргес; 2002. 47–55. / Sidorenko S.V., Kozlov S.N. Penicillines. In: Strachunskiy L.S., Belousov Yu.B., Kozlov S.N., eds. Practical handbook on antimicrobial chemotherapy. Moscow, Borges; 2002. 47–55 (in Russian).
48. Beghi G., Berni F., Carratu L. et al. Efficacy and tolerability of azithromycin versus amoxicillin clavulanic acid in acute purulent exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. J. Chemother. 1995; 7: 146–152.
49. Canut A., MartIn-Herrero J.E., Labora A., Maortua H. What are the most appropriate antibiotics for the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? A therapeutic outcomes model. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2007; 60: 605–612.
50. Wilson R., Anzueto A., Miravitlles M. et al. Moxifloxacin vs amoxicillin / clavulanic acid in outpatient AECOPD: MAESTRAL results. Eur. Respir. J. 2012; 40: 17–27.
51. Llor C., Moragas A., Hernández S. et al. Efficacy of antibiotic therapy for acute exacerbations of mild to moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2012; 186: 716–723.
52. Puhan M.A., Vollenweider D., Latshang T. et al. Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: when are antibiotics indicated? A systematic review. Respir. Res. 2007; 8: 30.
53. Cortvriendt W.R., Verschoor J.S., Hespe W. Bioavailability study of a new amoxicillin tablet designed for several modes of oral administration. Arzneimittelforschung. 1987; 37: 977–979.
54. Sourgens H., Steinbrede H., Verschoor J.S. et al. Bioequivalence study of a novel Solutab tablet formulation of amoxicillin / clavulanic acid versus the originator film-coated tablet. Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 2001; 39: 75–82.
55. Карпов О.И. Флемоклав Солютаб – новая лекарственная форма амоксициллина / клавуланата в лечении синусита. Клиническая фармакология и терапия. 2006; 15 (4): 1–4. / Karpov O.I. Flemoclav Solutab as a novel drug formulation of amoxicilline / clavulanate for therapy of sinusitis. Klinicheskaya farmakologiya i terapiya. 2006; 15 (4): 1–4 (in Russian).
56. Гучев И.А., Козлов Р.С. Безопасность и эффективность различных лекарственных форм амоксициллина / клавулановой кислоты при инфекциях нижних дыхательных путей у взрослых: Открытое проспективное рандомизированное исследование. Пульмонология. 2008; 2: 73–80. / Guchev I.A., Kozlov R.S. Safety and efficacy of amoxicilline / clavulanate different formulations in lower respiratory tract infections in adults: an open prospective randomized trial. Pul'monologiya. 2008; 2: 73–80 (in Russian).
Review
For citations:
Avdeev S.N. Exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a choice of antibacterial treatment. PULMONOLOGIYA. 2014;(6):65-72. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2014-0-6-65-72
Views:
7620
Email this article 