Federal clinical guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an inflammatory and/or fibrotic lung disease that occurs in response to repeated inhalation of broad-spectrum aerosol antigens. The prevalence of HP ranges from 0.3 to 0.9 cases per 100,000 population. The basis treatment of HP therapy includes glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants, and antifibrotic drugs. The target audience of these clinical recommendations are general practitioners, pulmonologists, pathologists, radiologists, and medical rehabilitation specialists. Methods. Each thesis-recommendation for diagnostic and therapeutic measures is evaluated on a scale of evidence reliability from 1 to 5 and a scale of the recommendation persuasiveness with the categories A, B, C. The guidelines also contain comments and explanations to these thesis-recommendations, algorithms for the diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and reference materials. Conclusion. The presented clinical guidelines cover current information about the etiology and pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. These guidelines were approved by the Scientific and Practical Council of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation in 2023.

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