Новые подходы в лечении легочной артериальной гипертензии

Легочная гипертензия является полиэтиологическим заболеванием и характеризуется повышением среднего давления в легочной артерии > 20 мм рт. ст. в покое. Наиболее изученной с точки зрения подбора оптимальной терапии является идиопатическая легочная артериальная гипертензия (ЛАГ), относящаяся к 1-й группе по классификации легочной гипертензии (2022). Это редкое и прогностически крайне неблагоприятное заболевание, которое возникает в результате ремоделирования сосудов дистальных отделов легочной артерии. В настоящее время лечение ЛАГ нацелено на 3 основных метаболических каскада: простациклиновый, эндотелиновый и путь оксида азота. Благодаря имеющимся методам терапии симптомы и качество жизни пациентов с ЛАГ улучшаются, но, к сожалению, ни один из них не влияет непосредственно на патогенез и не позволяет добиться полного контроля над заболеванием.

Целью обзора явился анализ литературных источников и демонстрация наиболее перспективных методов и потенциальных мишеней для лечения ЛАГ.

Заключение. В настоящий момент терапия ЛАГ является актуальной проблемой, при этом продолжаются активные исследования, направленные на поиск новых терапевтических мишеней и разработку потенциальных препаратов для них.

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