EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CHRONIC RESPIRATORY DISEASE IN DIFFERENT CLIMATIC AND GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS OF RUSSIA

The aim was to study epidemiology of chronic respiratory disease in populations living at different climatic and geographic regions of Russia in order to develop targeted preventive programs.
Methods. This was a cross-sectional randomised epidemiological study. A comparative analysis of mortality from respiratory diseases was conducted according to the European standards in population aged 25–64 years living in Russia and certain regions of Russian Arctic. Data from a national multi-centre population-based study and of randomly selected subjects from certain climatic and geographic regions were analysed.
Results. A respiratory mortality rate was much higher in most Russian Arctic regions compared to average national values. Although a death rate of chronic respiratory disease in most Arctic regions and in Russia at whole was higher than that in the EU the population in the northern regions died more often from pneumonia. Despite a significant difference in smoking prevalence there was significantly higher COPD prevalence in Arctic regions (Yakutsk) compared to other regions in the study. Among all risk factors, the Northern climate greatly contributed to morbidity of chronic respiratory disease.
Conclusion: The regional difference in the prevalence and mortality from chronic respiratory disease should be considered when designing preventive programs for chronic non-infection diseases in these regions.

chronic respiratory diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the Russian Arctic, the Far North, smoking

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