Pneumonia as an actual medical problem of the 21th century
https://doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2015-25-2-133-142
Abstract
Recent systematic reviews and meta-analysis on pneumonia have been discussed in the article.
Morbidity of pneumonia is 5 to 10 per 1 000 of population in Europe and Northern America. Mortality of pneumonia is as high as 10 % and continues to grow. The leading pathogen is Streptococcus pneumoniaе, particularly in severe disease. Last years, highly specific rapid diagnosis tools for identifying Streptococcus pneumoniaе infection have been developed such as Binax and urine antigen test. Prevalence of pneumonia caused by Streptococcus is significantly lower in patients vaccinated with 13-valent conjugate vaccine against this pathogen. Particular attention is paid to healthcare-associated pneumonia which is close to nosocomial pneumonia in term of spectrum and properties of causing pathogens (gram-negative flora, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, high antibacterial resistance). Obesity, hypotrophy, gene-related susceptibility to infectious disease, in particular, TNF-#a gene polymorphism, co-morbidity, mainly COPD, are discussed as risk factors for severe pneumonia. Duration and optimal combinations of antimicrobials are still under debate.
About the Author
A. G. Chuchalin
Federal Institution «Pulmonology Research Institute», Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia: 32, build. 4, 11th Parkovaya ul., Moscow, 105077, Russia
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Chuchalin Aleksandr Grigor'evich, MD, Professor, Academician of the Russian Science Academy, Director of Federal State Budget institution «Pulmonology Research Institute», Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, the Chairman of the Russian Respiratory Society, Chief Therapeutist and Pneumologist of the Healthcare Ministry of Russian Federation; tel.: (495) 465-52-64;
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For citations:
Chuchalin A.G. Pneumonia as an actual medical problem of the 21th century. PULMONOLOGIYA. 2015;25(2):133-142. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2015-25-2-133-142
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