1. Han M.K., Agusti A., Calverley P.M. et al. COPD phenotypes: The future of COPD. Am. J .Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2010; 182: 598-604.
2. Авдеев С.Н. Фенотипы хронической обструктивной болезни легких: особенности терапии. Consilium medicum. 2010; 1: 23-28. / Avdeev S.N. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease phenotypes: therapy distinctions. Consilium medicum. 2010; 1: 23-28 (in Russian).
3. Eisner M.D., Blanc P.D., Sidney S. et al. Body composition and functional limitation in COPD. Respir. Res. 2007; 8: 7.
4. Vozoris N.T., O'Donnell D.E. Prevalence, risk factors, activity limitation and health care utilization of an obesepopulationbased sample with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Can. Respir. J. 2012; 19: e18-e24.
5. Lam KB.H., Jordan R.E., Jiang C.Q. et al. Airflow obstruction and metabolic syndrome: the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. Eur. Respir. J. 2010; 35: 317-323.
6. Oganov R.G., ed. National guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of metabolic syndrome. 3rd ed. Moscow: "Solitseya-Poligra"; 2010. 278-316 (in Russian).
7. Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults. Revised 2007.
8. Yashina L.A. Overweight, obesity and pulmonary disease: a pulmonologist's point of view. Zdorov'ya Ukraini. 2011; 2 (14): 14-15 (in Russian).
9. Celli B.R., Cote C.G., Marin J.M. et al. The body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity index in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 2004; 350: 1005-1012.
10. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Revised 2013. www.goldcopd.org
11. Sava F., Maltais F., Poirier P. The Impact of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in COPD. Bronchitis. 2011. http://www.intechopen.com/books/bronchitis/theimpactofobesityandmetabolicsyndromeincopd
12. Eagan T.M.L., Aukrust P., Ueland T. et al. Body composition and plasma levels of inflammatory biomarkers in COPD. Eur. Respir. J. 2010; 36: 1027-1033.
13. Leone N., Courbon D., Thomas F. Lung function impairment and metabolic syndrome. The critical role of abdominal obesity. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2009; 179: 509-516.
14. Ora J., Laveneziana P., Ofir D. et al. Combined effects of obesity and COPD on dyspnea and exercise tolerance. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2009; 180: 964-971.
15. Tkacova R. Systemic Inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: May adipose tissue play a role? Review of the literature and future perspectives. Hindawi Publishing Corporation. Mediators of Inflammation. 2010; 1-11.
16. Kershaw E.E., Flier J.S. Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metabol. 2004; 89 (6): 2548-2556.
17. Fontana L., Eagon J.C., Trujillo M.E. et al. Visceral fat adipokine secretion is associated with systemic inflamma tion in obese humans. Diabetes. 2007; 56 (4): 1010-1013.
18. Antipina A.N. Clinical and laboratory features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in obese patients: Diss. Tyumen'; 2011 (in Russian).
19. Danilova L.I. Insulin resistance in clinical practice: pathogenetic mechanisms and treatment approach. Lechebnoe delo. 2009; 2 (6): 29-40 (in Russian).
20. Regazzetti С., Peraldi P., Grémeaux T. et al. Hypoxia decreases insulin signaling pathways in adipocytes. Diabetes. 2009; 58 (1): 95-103.