Perspectives of treatment with probiotics in acute respiratory infections

Аcute respiratory infection (ARI) is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide. The disease occurs in any age, so its course could be associated with complications  and poor outcome.  Prevention  and treatment of ARI and complications  are important  problems in clinical practice.  Recent researches of human microbiome  composition  and functions have aroused a great interest to this field in order to prevent ARIs.

In this review, the authors discuss non-specific  mechanisms  of human  innate antiviral defense and available data about a role of symbiontic intestinal microf lora for ARI prevention. Typically, main biological properties of probiotic bacteria are considered in the context of modulating effects on the inf lammatory immune response. Published data demonstrated reduction in the risk, severity and duration of ARI under the treatment with probiotic agents both in the children and in adults. The strain-specific effect and potential molecular antiviral mechanisms of probiotics enhancing the antiviral response of symbiontic bacteria are also discussed in the review.

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