Потенциальные предикторы тяжелого течения и исхода внебольничной пневмонии

Тяжелая пневмония (ТП) — состояние, при котором отмечается высокий риск летального исхода, а госпитализация в отделение интенсивной терапии является обязательной. Заболеваемость ТП резко возросла в период пандемии новой коронавирусной инфекции. Своевременная диагностика и раннее начало адекватного лечения ТП имеют решающее значение для повышения выживаемости тяжелобольных пациентов.

Целью обзора явился анализ научных публикаций, посвященных изучению молекулярных маркеров, позволяющих уже при поступлении в стационар объективно оценить степень тяжести пневмонии и определить тактику лечения, основываясь на прогнозе возможного исхода заболевания. Систематический поиск проведен в электронных базах данных PubMed, Medline, Web of Science за 2019—2022 гг.

Заключение. В обзоре внимание уделено прогностической роли ряда маркеров иммунного ответа организма, сосудистой трансформации, а также ангиотензина II и ангиотензинпревращающего фермента-2. Дальнейшие проспективные исследования потенциальных предикторов течения ТП позволят включить определение молекул-маркеров в комплексную клинико-лабораторную диагностику с целью раннего прогнозирования состояния госпитализируемого пациента и предполагаемого исхода.

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