The role of Oxis Turbuhaler (Formoterol) in bronchial asthma therapy

1. Anderson G.P. Formoterol: pharmacology, molecular basis of agonism, and mechanism of long duration of a highly potent and selective p2-adrenoceptor agonist bronchodilator/ / Life Sci.— 1993.— Vol.52.— P.2145— 2160.

2. Anderson G.P., Linden A., Rabe K.F. W hy are long-acting beta-adrenoceptor agonists long-acting? / / Eur. RespmK. J . — 1994.— Vol.7.— P.569— 578.

3. Anderson G.P. Differences between long-acting p2-agonists// The Symposium Report “Treating the M any Faces of Airways Disease: Asthma” .— Budapest, 1998.— P. ll—13.

4. Anderson G.P. What differs between P2-agonists? / / COPDManagement Options in the New Millenium: The Symposium Report.— Madrid, 1999.— P.7— 13.

5. Bindschedler М., Patalano F., Turri M. et al. Biochemical and cardiovascular effects after single inhaled doses of formoterol, salmeterol and placebo// Amer. Rev. respir. Dis.— 1993.— Vol.147.— Suppl.— P.60A.

6. Blake K., Kamada A.K. Asthma / / Textbook of Therapeutics: Drug and Disease Management. 6th Ed. / Eds E.T.Herfindal, D.R.Gourley.— Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1996.— P.651 — 684.

7. Brusaco V., Ringdal N., Ekstrom T. et al. Effect of formoterol via Turbuhaler for 3 months in asthma: comparison with terbutaline and placebo / / Eur. Respir. J . — 1995.— Vol.8.— Suppl. 19.— P.58S.

8. Cockcroft D.W., Swystun V.A. Functional antagonism tolerance produced by inhaled p2-agonists / / Thorax.— 1996.— Vol.51.— P.1051 — 1056.

9. Coleman R.A., Johnson М., Nials A.T. et al. Exosites: their current status, and their relevance to the duration of action of long-acting P2-adrenoceptors / / T IP S .— 1996.— Vol. 17.— P.324— 330.

10. Derom E.Y., Pauwels R.A. Time course of bronchodilating effect of inhaled formoterol, a potent and long-acting sympathomimetic / / Thorax.— 1992.— Vol.47.— P. 30— 33.

11. Ekstrom Т., Ringdal N., Tukisinen P. Formoterol Turbuhaler improves lung function in asthmatics patients compared with terbutaline and placebo / / Eur. Respir. J . — 1995.— Vol.8.— Suppl.19.— P.157S.

12. Heijerman H.G.M., Dekker F.W., Rammeloo R.H.U. et al. Similar efficacy of formoterol via Turbuhaler and salmeterol via Diskhaler in the treatment of asthma / / Ibid.— 1999.— ERS-99.

13. Kesten S., Chapman K.R., Broder I. et al. Sustained improvement in asthma with long-term use of formoterol fumarate / / Ann. Allergy.— 1992.— Vol.69.— P.415— 420.

14. Linden A., Rabe K.F., Lofdahl C-G. Pharmacological basis for duration of effect: formoterol and salmeterol versus short-acting (32-adrenoceptor agonosts// Lung.— 1996.— Vol. 174.— P . l— 22.

15. Lofdahl C-G., Svedmyr N. Effect duration of inhaled formoterol, a new P2-adrenoceptor agonist, compared to salbutamol in asthmatic patients// Acta pharmacol. (Kbh.).— 1986.— Suppl.5.— P.229.

16. Malolepszy J., Nagy B.G., Brander R. et al. Formoterol 90 micrograms via Turbuhaler was safe in patients with acute bronchoconstriction / / Eur. Respir. J . — 1998.— Vol. 12.— Suppl.28.— P.323S.

17. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, World Health Organization. Global Initiative for Asthma. Bethesda: N IH / N H L B I, 1998: Publication number 96-3659B.

18. Palmqvist M., Persson G., Lazer L. et al. Inhaled dry-powder formoterol and salmeterol in asthmatic patients: onset of action, duration of effect and potency / / Eur. Respir. J . — 1997.— Vol. 10.— P.2484— 2489.

19. Pauwels R.P., Lofdahl C-G., Postma D.S. et al. Effect of inhaled formoterol and budesonide on exacerbations of asthma / / Now. Engl. J. Med.— 1997.— Vol.337.— P.1405— 1411.

20. Ringdal N., Derom E., Pauwels R. Onset and dutation of action of single doses of formoterol inhaled via Turbuhaler in mild to moderate asthma / / Eur. Respir. J.— 1995.— Vol.8.— Suppl. 19.— P.68S.

21. Rott Z., Bocskei C., Poczi M. et al. On the relative therapeutic index between formoterol turbuhaler and salbutamol pressurized metered dose inhaler in asthmatic patients / / Ibid.— 1998.— ERS-98.

22. Steffensen I., Faurschou P., Riska H. et al. Inhaled formoterol dry powder in the treatment of patients with reversible obstructive airway disease. A 3-month, placebo-controlled comparison of the efficacy and safety of formoterol and salbutamol, followed by a 12-month trial with formoterol / / Allergy.— 1995.— Vol.50.— P.657— 663.

23. van der Molen T., Turner M.O., Postma D.S. et al. For the Canadian and the Dutch D2522 Investigators. An international multi-centre randomized controlled trial of formoterol in asthmatics requiring inhaled corticosteroid / / Eur. Respir. J .— 1995.— Vol.8.— Suppl.19.— P.2S.

24. Vilsvik J., Ankerst J., Palmqvist M. et al. Duration of protection of formoterol against exercise-induced bronchoconstriction during regular treatment with formoterol turbuhaler b.i.d. in adult asthmatics / / Ibid.— 1999.— ERS-99.