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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2017-27-4-515-528</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-901</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Реслизумаб в лечении больных тяжелой бронхиальной астмой эозинофильного фенотипа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Reslizumab in the treatment of patients with severe eosinophilic asthma phenotype</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ненашева</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nenasheva</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор,</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2 / 1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medicine, Professor,</p><p>ul. Barrikadnaya 2/1, build. 1, Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">1444031@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авдеев</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avdeev</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., член-корр. Российской академии наук, профессор, главный внештатный специалист-пульмонолог Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, руководитель клинического отдела,</p><p>105077, Москва, ул. 11-я Парковая, 32, корп. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Corresponding Member of Russian Academy of Sciences, Chief Pulmonologist of Healthcare Ministry of Russian Federation Head of Clinical Division,</p><p>ul. Odinnadtsataya Parkovaya 32, build. 4, Moscow, 105077</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">serg_avdeev@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Емельянов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Emel'yanov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор, </p><p>191015, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, 41</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medicine, Professor,</p><p>ul. Kirochnaya 41, Saint Petersburg, 191015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">emelav@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильина</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Il'ina</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор,</p><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medicine, Professor,</p><p>Kashirskoe shosse 24, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">instimmun@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федосенко</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedosenko</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., старший медицинский советник,</p><p>115054, Москва, ул. Валовая, 35</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medicine,</p><p>ul. Valovaya 35, Moscow, 115054</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s-fedosenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение дополнительного профессионального образования «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Academy of Continued Medical Education, Healthcare Ministry of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии Федерального медико-биологического агентства России»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Pulmonology Research Institute, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И.Мечникова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.I.Mechnikov State North-West Medical University, Healthcare Ministry of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Государственный научный центр "Институт иммунологии" Федерального медико-биологическогоагентства России»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center “Institute of Immunology”, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Тева»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>TEVA LLC Company</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>10</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>515</fpage><lpage>528</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ненашева Н.М., Авдеев С.Н., Емельянов А.В., Ильина Н.И., Федосенко С.В., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ненашева Н.М., Авдеев С.Н., Емельянов А.В., Ильина Н.И., Федосенко С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nenasheva N.M., Avdeev S.N., Emel'yanov A.V., Il'ina N.I., Fedosenko S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/901">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/901</self-uri><abstract><p>Известно, что у больных тяжелой бронхиальной астмой (БА) часто не достигается контроль над заболеванием. При этом избыточное эозинофильное воспаление дыхательных путей является одной из ключевых причин тяжелого неконтролируемого течения БА. В структуре тяжелой неконтролируемой БА частота эозинофильного фенотипа воспаления достаточно высока. Так, около 55 % пациентов характеризуются уровнем эозинофилов в индуцированной мокроте ≥ 3 %. Эозинофильный фенотип БА ассоциируется с большей выраженностью симптомов, аллергией, нередко с поздним развитием заболевания и неполным ответом на лечение ингаляционными глюкокортикостероидами (иГКС). В многочисленных исследованиях подтверждена связь между повышенным уровнем эозинофилов в дыхательных путях и более частыми и тяжелыми обострениями БА, а также сниженной функцией легких, повышенным приемом ГКС и других лекарственных препаратов, более частым использованием услуг здравоохранения. Тяжелая эозинофильная БА характеризуется преимущественно поздним началом заболевания, персистирующей эозинофилией в дыхательных путях и периферической крови. Ей свойственны частые обострения, постоянная или эпизодическая зависимость от применения системных ГКС для достижения лучшего контроля над заболеванием, а также неблагоприятный прогноз естественного течения. Преимущественно эозинофильный тип воспаления дыхательных путей является характерным проявлением Т2-эндотипа БА, который реализуется за счет доминирования Th2-лимфоцитарного ответа (аллергическая БА) и / или высокой активности врожденных лимфоидных клеток 2-го типа – ILC2-клеток, участвующих в развитии как неаллергической, так и аллергической БА. Как Th2-, так и ILC2-клетки увеличивают уровни интерлейкина-5 (IL-5), который играет важную роль в формировании неконтролируемого эозинофильного воспаления в бронхолегочном регионе у больных, страдающих Т2-эндотипом тяжелой БА, стимулируя созревание предшественников эозинофилов в костном мозге, мобилизацию эозинофилов и предшественников из костного мозга, накопление эозинофилов в крови, эозинофильную инфильтрацию ткани легких и миграцию эозинофилов в очаг воспаления. Новый препарат Реслизумаб (Синкейро) является первым зарегистрированным в России анти-IL-5 иммунологическим биопрепаратом для лечения тяжелой БА с эозинофильным типом воспаления дыхательных путей. Как гуманизированное моноклональное антитело (IgG4k), высокоафинное к IL-5, Реслизумаб специфически связывается с ним и препятствует взаимодействию IL-5 с его рецептором на поверхности клеток, нарушая процесс, лежащий в основе патофизиологии бронхиального воспаления при БА, включая созревание и выживаемость эозинофилов, воспаление и ремоделирование дыхательных путей. Клинические эффекты Реслизумаба проявляются снижением частоты обострений БА, улучшением функции легких и контроля над заболеванием.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>It is known that patients with severe asthma often fail to achieve disease control. Excessive airways eosinophilic inflammation is one of the key causes of severe uncontrolled asthma in this case. The occurrence of eosinophilic phenotype of inflammation is quite high in severe uncontrolled asthma. Thus, about 55% of patients have eosinophil level in induced sputum ≥ 3%. Eosinophilic phenotype of asthma is associated with greater severity of symptoms, presence of atopy, late onset of the disease, and lack of response to inhaled glucocorticosteroids. Numerous studies confirmed the relationship between elevated eosinophils in the airways and more frequent and severe asthma exacerbations, as well as reduced lung function, increased administration of steroids and other medications, and more frequent use of healthcare services. Severe eosinophilic asthma is characterized mainly by late onset of the disease, persistent eosinophilia in the airways and peripheral blood. It is associated with frequent exacerbations, chronic or intermittent need to the use of systemic corticosteroids to achieve better control of the disease, and unfavorable prognosis of the natural course. Predominantly eosinophilic type of airway inflammation is a characteristic manifestation of T2 endotype of asthma, that is implemented due to the domination of Th2-lymphocyte response (allergic asthma) and/or due to high activity of type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) involved in the development of both non-allergic and allergic asthma. Th2 and ILC2 cells increase IL-5 level, which plays an important role in the formation of uncontrolled eosinophilic inflammation in the airways in patients suffering from T2 endotype of severe asthma, by stimulating eosinophil precursor maturation in the bone marrow, mobilization of eosinophils and precursors from the bone marrow, accumulation of eosinophils in the blood, eosinophilic infiltration of lung tissue, and eosinophil migration in the area of inflammation. The novel medication reslizumab (Cinqair) is the first anti-IL-5 immunological biologic drug registered in Russia for the treatment of severe asthma with eosinophilic airway inflammation. As a humanized monoclonal antibody (IgG4k) with high affinity for IL-5, reslizumab specifically binds to IL-5 and inhibits its interaction with IL-5 receptor on the cell surface, thus disrupting the underlying pathophysiology of bronchial inflammation in asthma, including maturation and survival of eosinophils, inflammation and remodeling of the airways. Clinical effects of reslizumab are manifested as decreased asthma exacerbation rate, improved lung function, and disease control.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тяжелая эозинофильная астма</kwd><kwd>Реслизумаб</kwd><kwd>интерлейкин-5</kwd><kwd>моноклональные антитела к интерлейкину-5</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd><kwd>биологическая терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>severe eosinophilic asthma</kwd><kwd>reslizumab</kwd><kwd>interleukin 5</kwd><kwd>monoclonal antibodies to interleukin 5</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd><kwd>biological therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bousqet J., Mantzouranis E., Cruz A.A. et al. Uniform definition of asthma severity, control and exacerbations: document presented for the World Health Organization Consultation on Severe Asthma. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2010; 126 (5): 926–938. 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