pulmoПульмонологияPULMONOLOGIYA0869-01892541-9617Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC10.18093/0869-0189-2017-27-1-87-96pulmo-823Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWРеспираторные последствия бронхолегочной дисплазии у детей, подростков и взрослыхRespiratory outcomes of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in children, adolescents and adultsБойцоваЕ. В.BoytsovaE. V.

д. м. н., профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела терапевтической пульмонологии научно-исследовательского клинического центра

Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Leading Researcher, Division of Therapeutic Pulmonology, Research Clinical Center

evboitsova@mail.ruТитоваО. Н.TitovaO. N.

д. м. н., директор 

Doctor of Medicine, Director

titiva-on@mail.ruОвсянниковД. Ю.OvsyannikovD. Yu.

д. м. н., заведующий кафедрой педиатрии

Doctor of Medicine, Head of Department of Pediatrics

mdovsyannikov@yahoo.comБогдановаА. В.BogdanovaA. V.

профессор, старший научный сотрудник отдела терапевтической пульмонологии научно-исследовательского клинического центра Научно-исследовательского института пульмонологии 

Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Leading Researcher, Division of Therapeutic Pulmonology

alevbogdanova@yandex.ruНаучно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии Федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П.Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияResearch Pulmonology Institute, Academician I.P.Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Healthcare Ministry of RussiaRussian FederationФедеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов»РоссияThe Peoples' Friendship University of RussiaRussian Federation2017020520172718796Copyright © Бойцова Е.В., Титова О.Н., Овсянников Д.Ю., Богданова А.В., 20172017Бойцова Е.В., Титова О.Н., Овсянников Д.Ю., Богданова А.В.Boytsova E.V., Titova O.N., Ovsyannikov D.Y., Bogdanova A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/823

Недоношенность, а также осложнение респираторного дистресс-синдрома новорожденных и респираторной терапии в неонатальном периоде – бронхолегочная дисплазия (БЛД) – в настоящее время рассматриваются как высоковероятные факторы риска развития хронической обструктивной болезни легких (ХОБЛ) у взрослых. Персистирующие уменьшение размеров легких у недоношенных и патогистологические изменения, свойственные БЛД, обусловливают нарушения вентиляционной способности легких и клинические симптомы хронической дыхательной недостаточности и / или бронхиальной обструкции как в детском возрасте, так и нередко – у подростков и взрослых. В обзоре на основании собственных и литературных данных приведены сведения о клинических, функциональных и структурных последствиях недоношенности и БЛД у детей дошкольного и школьного возраста, подростков и взрослых. Представленные клинические данные являются результатами исследования функции внешнего дыхания методами спирографии, спирометрии, эргоспирометрии, плетизмографии, вымывания азота, тестов с физической нагрузкой и метахолином, исследования диффузионной способности легких и свидетельствуют о длительном сохранении нарушений функции дыхания в старшем возрасте, а также структурных изменениях легочной ткани при проведении компьютерной томографии в виде эмфиземы, фиброза, утолщения стенок бронхов. Приводится обоснование отнесения пациентов с БЛД в анамнезе к группе риска раннего развития ХОБЛ.

Prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), which is a complication of the neonatal respiratory distress-syndrome and respiratory therapy in neonates, are currently considered as possible risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adults. Persisting reduction in the lung size in prematurely born children and pathological lesion typical for BPD can lead to ventilation disorders and clinical signs of chronic respiratory failure and / or bronchial obstruction in the children, adolescents and adults. Clinical, functional and morphological consequences of prematurity and BPD in preschool and school-aged children, adolescents and adults are discussed in this review considering the authors’ experience and the published data. The lung function abnormalities persist for lifetime. The lung tissue structural lesions, such as emphysema, fibrosis, the bronchial wall thickening, could be found on computed tomography. Therefore, patients with the history of BPD should be treated as risk group for early development of COPD.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.