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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2016-26-5-521-528</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-759</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕРЕДОВАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EDITORIAL</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОЦЕНКА ТЯЖЕСТИ ВНЕБОЛЬНИЧНОЙ ПНЕВМОНИИ В РЕАЛЬНОЙ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ В МНОГОПРОФИЛЬНЫХ СТАЦИОНАРАХ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SEVERITY ASSESSMENT OF COMMUNITY9ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN REAL CLINICAL PRACTICE IN A MULTI9PROFILE HOSPITAL IN RUSSIA</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рачина</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rachina</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> д. м. н., доцент кафедры факультетской терапии </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Associate Professor at Department of General Internal Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Svetlana.Ratchina@antibiotic.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дехнич</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dekhnich</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., ассистент кафедры факультетской терапии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Assistant Lecturer at Department of General Internal Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.dekhnich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлов</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>R. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор, директор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Professor, Director</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Roman.Kozlov@antibiotic.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобылев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobylev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., координатор проектов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Project Coordinator</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Andrey.Bobylev@antibiotic.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батищева</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Batishcheva</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой клинической фармакологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Professor, Head of Department of Clinical Pharmacology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bat13@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гордеева</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gordeeva</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующая центральной многофункциональной лабораторией</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of Central Multifunctional Laboratory</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svetalgor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулаков</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulakov</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной терапии с курсом фтизиопульмонологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Professor, Head of Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ykul@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедева</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedeva</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-клинический фармаколог</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Clinical Pharmacologist</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marina.s.lebedeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Портнягина</surname><given-names>У. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Portnyagina</surname><given-names>U. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент кафедры «Внутренние болезни и общеврачебная практика (семейная медицина)» факультета после дипломного обучения врачей</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor at Department of Internal Medicine and General Practice (Family Medicine), Faculty of Postgraduate Physician Training</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ulyana-ns@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаренков</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharenkov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент лечебного факультета</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student at Medical Faculty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivan.zaharenkov@antibiotic.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»: 117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо"Маклая, 6;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Peoples' Friendship University of Russia: 6, Miklukho"Maklaya str., Moscow, 117198, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБОУ ВПО «Смоленский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России: 214019, Смоленск, ул. Крупской, 28</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Smolensk State Medical University, Healthcare Ministry of Russia: 28, Krupskoy str., Smolensk, 214019, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ антимикробной химиотерапии ГБОУ ВПО «Смоленский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России: 214019, &#13;
Смоленск, ул. Кирова, 46а</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk State Medical University: 46a, Kirova str., Smolensk, 214019, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Межрегиональная ассоциация по клинической микробиологии и антимикробной химиотерапии: 214019, Смоленск, ул. Кирова, 46а</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Interregional Association for Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy: 46a, Kirova str., Smolensk, 214019, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБОУ ВПО «Воронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н.Бурденко» Минздрава России: 394036, Воронеж, ул. Студенческая, 10</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N.Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, Healthcare Ministry of Russia: 10, Studencheskaya str., Voronezh, 394036, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГОБУЗ «Мурманская областная клиническая больница имени П.А.Баяндина»:183047, Мурманск, ул. Павлова, 6</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>P.A.Bayandin Murmansk State Regional Clinical Hospital: 6, Pavlova str., Murmansk, 183047, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБОУ ВПО «Владивостокский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России: 690002, Владивосток, Проспект Острякова, 2</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vladivostok State Medical University: 2, Ostryakova av., Vladivostok, 690002, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-8"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НУЗ «Дорожная клиническая больница на ст. Новосибирск"Главный ОАО "РЖД"»: 630003, Новосибирск, Владимирский спуск, 2а</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk Railway Clinical Hospital: 2a, Vladimirskiy downhill, Novosibirsk, 630003, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-9"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Северо"Восточный федеральный университет имени М.К.Аммосова»: 677000, Якутск, ул. П.Алексеева, 83а</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M.K.Ammosov Federal North"Eastern University: 83а, P.Alexeeva str., Yakutsk, 677000, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>521</fpage><lpage>528</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рачина С.А., Дехнич Н.Н., Козлов Р.С., Бобылев А.А., Батищева Г.А., Гордеева С.А., Кулаков Ю.В., Лебедева М.С., Портнягина У.С., Захаренков И.А., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рачина С.А., Дехнич Н.Н., Козлов Р.С., Бобылев А.А., Батищева Г.А., Гордеева С.А., Кулаков Ю.В., Лебедева М.С., Портнягина У.С., Захаренков И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rachina S.A., Dekhnich N.N., Kozlov R.S., Bobylev A.A., Batishcheva G.A., Gordeeva S.A., Kulakov Y.V., Lebedeva M.S., Portnyagina U.S., Zakharenkov I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/759">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/759</self-uri><abstract><p>Внебольничная пневмония (ВП) является распространенным заболеванием у взрослых. При определении места лечения больного и объема терапии большое значение имеет точная оценка степени тяжести ВП. Цель. Исследование критериев, используемых врачами в клинической практике для определения тяжести ВП. Материалы и методы. При анкетировании врачей (n = 165) многопрофильных стационаров в 6 городах России установлено, что важным маркером тяжелой ВП считаются данные рентгенографии органов грудной клетки (80 % респондентов). В качестве критериев тяжести ВП 78,8; 66,1; 55,8 и 23,6 % опрошенных отмечены клинические особенности, наличие сопутствующих заболеваний, лабораторные изменения и данные анамнеза соответственно. Среди клинических критериев тяжести наиболее часто упоминались одышка / тахипноэ (78,8 %) и нарушение сознания (78,8 %), среди рентгенологических – наличие очагов деструкции (80,6 %), лабораторных – гиперлейкоцитоз или лейкопения (89,7 %). Прогностические шкалы у пациентов с ВП в рутинной клинической практике используют 10,3 % респондентов, при этом только в единичных случаях указывались рекомендованные национальными клиническими руководствами шкалы PORT и CURB / CRB65. Результаты. По результатам опроса установлено, что в целом врачи информированы о ключевых критериях оценки тяжести ВП и факторах риска неблагоприятного прогноза. Заключение. Для более эффективного внедрения в клиническую практику валидизированных шкал, позволяющих объективизировать оценку степени тяжести и / или прогноза ВП у взрослых, следует предпринять дополнительные усилия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We aimed to assess the criteria used by physicians in routine clinical practice to assess severity of communityacquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults. Methods. A survey of 165 physicians from multiprofile hospitals was performed at six Russian cities. Results. Chest Xray data were considered by 80% of respondents as an important marker to identify severe / non-severe CAP. Clinical features, comorbidity, laboratory abnormalities, and history data were noted by 78.8%; 66.1%; 55.8% and 23.6% of physicians, respectively. Severe dyspnea or tachypnea and confusion were the most often mentioned clinical criteria of severe CAP (78.8% of respondents for each, respectively). Lung tissue destruction was chosen as radiologic criterion of severe CAP in 80.6% of cases. Hyperleukocytosis and leukopenia were pointed as the most frequent laboratory abnormality related to severe CAP(89.7%). Only 10.3% of respondents used CAP prognostic scales. CAP prognostic scales recommended by national guidelines for adult patients (e.g. PORT и CURB/CRB65) were not usually used. Conclusion. Generally, physicians are aware of CAP prognostic criteria and key risk factors of poor prognosis. Additional efforts are needed for more efficient implementation of CAP prognostic scales recommended by national guidelines.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тяжелая внебольничная пневмония</kwd><kwd>критерии тяжелой внебольничной пневмонии</kwd><kwd>шкалы оценки степени тяжести и прогноза</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>severe community acquired pneumonia</kwd><kwd>CAP prognostic scales</kwd><kwd>real clinical practice</kwd><kwd>survey</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Инфекционная заболеваемость в Российской Федерации. Доступно на http://www.rospotrebnadzor.ru</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morbidity of infectious diseases in Russian Federation. 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