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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2016-26-3-303-308</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-719</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нетуберкулезные микобактерии у пациентов с заболеваниями органов дыхания (клинико-лабораторное исследование)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nontuberculous mycobacteria in patients with respiratory diseases (a clinical study)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эргешов</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ergeshov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор, директор ФГБНУ «Центральный научноисследовательский институт туберкулеза»; тел.: (909) 6284530</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Professor, Director of Federal Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Russian Medical Science Academy; tel.: (909) 6284530</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cniit@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шмелев</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shmelev</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор, зав. отделом дифференциальной диагностики ФГБНУ «Центральный научноисследовательский институт туберкулеза»; тел.: (903) 1923274</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Professor, Head of Department of Differentiated Diagnostics of Tuberculosis, Federal Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Russian Medical Science Academy; tel.: (903) 1923274</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eishmelev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалевская</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalevskaya</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н, зав. общеклиническим отделом ФГБНУ «Центральный научноисследовательский институт туберкулеза»; тел.: (903) 7576508</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Head of Clinical Department, Federal Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Russian Medical Science Academy; tel.: (903) 7576508</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ya.kovmar60dom@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ларионова</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Larionova</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. б. н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории микробиологии ФГБНУ «Центральный научноисследовательский институт туберкулеза»; тел.: (499) 7859091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Biology, Senior Researcher at Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Russian Medical Science Academy; tel.: тел.: (499) 7859091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lena_larionova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черноусова</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernousova</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. б. н., профессор, зав. лабораторией микробиологии ФГНБУ «Центральный научноисследовательский институт туберкулеза»; тел.: (499) 7859091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor in Biology, Professor, Head of Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Russian Medical Science Academy; tel.: тел.: (499) 7859091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lchernousova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Центральный научно&amp;исследовательский институт туберкулеза»: 107564, Москва, Яузская аллея, 2</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Russian Medical Science Academy: 2, Yauzskaya walk, Moscow, 107564, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>07</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>303</fpage><lpage>308</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Эргешов А.Э., Шмелев Е.И., Ковалевская М.Н., Ларионова Е.Е., Черноусова Л.Н., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эргешов А.Э., Шмелев Е.И., Ковалевская М.Н., Ларионова Е.Е., Черноусова Л.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ergeshov A.E., Shmelev E.I., Kovalevskaya M.N., Larionova E.E., Chernousova L.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/719">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/719</self-uri><abstract><p>При повсеместном росте заболеваемости микобактериозами требуется тщательное изучение этого заболевания с целью разработки алгоритмов диагностики, лечения и наблюдения. Ведущим методом диагностики микобактериозов является микробиологическое исследование биологического материала (мокрота, бронхоальвеолярная лаважная жидкость, операционный материал). Показано, что пациенты с местным иммунодефицитом – хронической обструктивной болезнью легких, бронхоэктазами, муковисцидозом, пневмокониозами и другими заболеваниями органов дыхания, длительно получающие системные глюкокортикостероиды, страдающие туберкулезом, а также лица, излеченные от туберкулеза, являются особой группой риска по заболеванию микобактериозом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this study was to analyze medical reports of patients treated at the Federal Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis in 2011 to 2014.</p><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. One hundred of medical reports have been analyzed. Nontuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM) were searched in sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid or resected tissue samples. Microscopy of samples stainedmatographic rapid test for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex antigen detection were used. Nontuberculous mycobacteriosis was diagnosed according to ATS criteria.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The patients were 20 to 78 years of age. Most patients had pulmonary tuberculosis (44%) and chronic non"specific inflammatory respiratory diseases (45%). Common clinical symptoms were cough (98.2%), dyspnea (72.4%), haemophtysis (10.3%), fatigue (68.5%), loss of appetite (32.3%), and weight loss (12.5%). Radiological signs were in line with the underlying disease and were as follows: pulmonary nodules (6%), disseminated lesions (6%), tuberculomas (7%), cavities (12%), pulmonary infiltrates (8%), bullae (42%), ground glass opacities (5%), honeycombing (2%, bronchiectasis (20%), intrathoracic lymph node enlargement (5%), cirrhotic pulmonary lesions (19%), and combination of various radiological signs (32%).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Patients with chronic respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, pneumoconiosis. etc.; patients on long"term therapy with systemic steroids, patients with pulmonary tuberculosis or with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis are at risk of having nontuberculous mycobacteriosis.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микобактериоз</kwd><kwd>микробиологическая диагностика</kwd><kwd>группы риска</kwd><kwd>частота выявления.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nontuberculous mycobacteriosis</kwd><kwd>microbiological examination</kwd><kwd>risk groups</kwd><kwd>morbidity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Timpe A., Runyon E.H. The relationship of atypical acidfast bacteria to human disease; a preliminary report. J. Lab. Clin. 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