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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2026-36-2-176-193</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-4874</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕРЕДОВАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EDITORIAL</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Первичный спонтанный пневмоторакс у детей: к проекту клинических рекомендаций</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Primary spontaneous pneumothorax in children: drafting clinical guidelines for pediatricians and pediatric surgeons</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6395-0407</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратьева</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratyeva</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кондратьева Елена Ивановна — д. м. н., профессор, заведующая научно-­клиническим отделом муковисцидоза, заведующая кафедрой генетики болезней дыхательной системы Института высшего и дополнительного профессионального образования Федерального государственного бюд­жетного научного учреждения «Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. Бочкова»; заместитель директора по научной работе Государственного бюджетного учреждения здравоохранения Московской области «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт детства Министерства здравоохранения Московской области»</p><p>115522, Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1,</p><p>141009, Московская обл., Мытищи, ул. Коминтерна, влд. 24А, стр. 1</p><p>Scopus ID: 35196167800;</p><p>Web of Science Researcher ID: АВВ-9783-2021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena I. Kondratyeva, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Head of the Scientific and Clinical Department of Cystic Fibrosis, Head of the Department of Genetics of Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Higher and Continuing Professional Ed­ucation, Research Centre for Medical Genetics; Deputy Director for Science, Clinical Research Institute for Childhood Diseases, Moscow Region Ministry of Health</p><p>ul. Moskvorechye 1, Moscow, 115522, </p><p>ul. Kominterna 124A, build. 1, Mytishchi, Moscow Region, 141009</p><p>SPIN-code: 9535­9331;</p><p>Scopus ID: 35196167800; Web of Science Researcher ID:</p><p>АВВ-9783- 2021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mucoviscidozRF@med-gen.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3043-8674</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лошкова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Loshkova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лошкова Елена Владимировна — д. м. н., ведущий научный сотрудник научно-клинического отдела муковисцидоза Федерального государствен­ного бюджетного научного учреждения «Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. Бочкова»; доцент, профессор кафедры госпитальной педиатрии, кафедры факультетской педиатрии с курсом детских болезней лечебного факультета Федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения «Сибирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</p><p>115522, Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1,</p><p>634050, Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p><p>Researcher ID: S-3698-2016;</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 23980606400</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Loshkova, Doctor of Medicine, Leading Researcher of the Scientific and Clinical Department of Cystic Fibrosis, Research Centre for Medical Ge­netics; Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Hospital Pediatrics, Department of Faculty Pediatrics with a Course in Childhood Diseases of the Faculty of Medicine, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Siberian State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</p><p>ul. Moskvorechye 1, Moscow, 115522, </p><p>Moskovskiy trakt 2, Tomsk, 634050</p><p>Researcher ID: S-3698-2016;</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 23980606400</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">loshkova@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1940-1395</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Морозов Дмитрий Анатольевич — д. м. н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой инновационной педиатрии и детской хирургии, директор Обособленного структурного подразделения Научно-исследователь­ский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии имени академика Ю.Е. Вельтищева Федерального государственного автоном­ного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федера­ции; главный внештатный детский специалист-хирург Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</p><p>125412, Москва, ул. Талдомская, 2,</p><p>108814, Москва, ул. Сосенский Стан, 8, пос. Коммунарка, внутреннее территориальное городское поселение Сосенское</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Morozov, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Head of the Department of Innovative Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Director, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Chief Pediatric Surgeon of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</p><p>ul. Taldomskaya 2, Moscow, 125412, </p><p>ul. Sosenskiy Stan 8, pos. Kommunarka, Sosenskoye internal territorial urban settlement, Moscow, 108814</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">damorozov@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0348-929X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Айрапетян</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Airapetyan</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Айрапетян Максим Игоревич — к. м. н., заведующий отделом хирургии детского возраста Обособленного структурного подразделения Научно­-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии имени академика Ю.Е. Вельтищева Федерального государственного автономного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Рос­сийский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; заместитель главного врача по детской хирургии Государ­ственного бюджетного учреждения здравоохранения города Москвы «Московский многопрофильный клинический центр “Коммунарка” Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</p><p>125412, Москва, ул. Талдомская, 2,</p><p>108814, Москва, ул. Сосенский Стан, 8, пос. Коммунарка, внутреннее территориальное городское поселение Сосенское</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim I. Ayrapetyan, Candidate of Medicine, Head of the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Deputy Chief Physician for Pediatric Surgery, Moscow Multi­disciplinary Clinical Center “Kommunarka”</p><p>ul. Taldomskaya 2, Moscow, 125412, </p><p>ul. Sosenskiy Stan 8, pos. Kommunarka, Sosenskoye internal territorial urban settlement, Moscow, 108814</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Drairmaxim@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6230-2459</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елагина</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Elagina</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елагина Валерия Игоревна — научный сотрудник научно-клинического отдела муковисцидоза</p><p>115522, Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeria I. Elagina, Research Fellow, Cystic Fibrosis Research and Clinical Department</p><p>ul. Moskvorechye 1, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elaginalera@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9780-8708</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайленко</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhaylenko</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михайленко Дмитрий Сергеевич — к. м. н., доцент, заведующий кафедрой онкогенетики Института высшего и дополнительного образования </p><p>115522, Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 8869716100;</p><p>Researcher ID: D-1637-2012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry S. Mikhaylenko, Candidate of Medicine, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Higher and Additional Professional Education</p><p>ul. Moskvorechye 1, Moscow, 115522</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 8869716100;</p><p>Researcher ID: D-1637-2012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dimserg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3133-8018</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куцев</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutsev</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куцев Сергей Иванович — д. м. н., профессор, академик Российской академии наук, директор Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Медико-генетический научный центр имени ака­демика Н.П. Бочкова»; председатель Этического комитета Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; президент Ассоциации меди­цинских генетиков; главный внештатный специалист по медицинской генетике Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</p><p>115522, Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey I. Kutsev, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Research Centre for Medical Genetics; Chairman of the Ethics Committee of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; President of the Association of Medical Geneticists; Chief Specialist in Med­ical Genetics of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</p><p>ul. Moskvorechye 1, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mgnc@med-gen.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. Бочкова»: &#13;
Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Московской области «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт детства Министерства здравоохранения Московской области»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre for Medical Genetics;&#13;
Clinical Research Institute for Childhood Diseases, Moscow Region Ministry of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. Бочкова»: &#13;
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Сибирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre for Medical Genetics;&#13;
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Siberian State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Обособленное структурное подразделение Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии имени академика Ю.Е. Вельтищева Федерального государственного автономного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации:&#13;
Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения города Москвы «Московский многопрофильный клинический центр “Коммунарка” Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University: &#13;
Moscow Multidisciplinary Clinical Center “Kommunarka”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. Бочкова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre for Medical Genetics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>36</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>176</fpage><lpage>193</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кондратьева Е.И., Лошкова Е.В., Морозов Д.А., Айрапетян М.И., Елагина В.И., Михайленко Д.С., Куцев С.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кондратьева Е.И., Лошкова Е.В., Морозов Д.А., Айрапетян М.И., Елагина В.И., Михайленко Д.С., Куцев С.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kondratyeva E.I., Loshkova E.V., Morozov D.A., Airapetyan M.I., Elagina V.I., Mikhaylenko D.S., Kutsev S.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4874">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4874</self-uri><abstract><p>Отсутствие клинических рекомендаций по пневмотораксу в педиатрической практике оставляет открытыми множество вопросов. Эти вопросы начинаются с терминологии, основные дефиниции по проблеме пневмоторакса должны быть обозначены в позиционном доку­менте. Ряд заболеваний встречается исключительно у детей, однако детская классификация пневмоторакса отсутствует. Большинство заболеваний, включающих пневмоторакс как симптом, генетически детерминированы. На сегодняшний день остаются открытыми тера­певтические вопросы по консервативной и оперативной тактике ведения детей с пневмотораксом на этапе отделений интенсивной тера­пии и хирургических стационаров, а также последующего диспансерного наблюдения.</p><p>Целью работы являлась подготовка обзора литера­туры для создания рабочей версии клинических рекомендаций и обозначение точки зрения экспертов на основные сложные и дискусси­онные вопросы.</p><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Сделаны предложения по этиологической классификации пневмоторакса у детей с акцентом на наследствен­ные формы заболевания. Обсуждаются вопросы лучевой и молекулярно-генетической диагностики. Рассмотрены алгоритмы терапии и динамическое наблюдение, сформулированы предложения по корректировке.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Разработка клинических рекомендаций, посвященных пневмотораксу, и обсуждение связанных с этим проблем является актуальной задачей для практического здравоохранения. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The lack of clinical guidelines for pneumothorax in pediatric practice leaves many questions unanswered. These questions begin with terminology. Key definitions of terms associated with pneumothorax should be outlined in a position paper. There is no pediatric classification of pneumothorax, although a number of diseases occur exclusively in children. Most diseases that include pneumothorax as a symptom are genetically determined. Currently, questions remain regarding the conservative and surgical management of children with pneumothorax in intensive care units and surgical hospitals, as well as subsequent follow-up.</p><p>The aim was to prepare a literature review for the development of a working version of clinical guidelines and to identify expert opinions on key complex and controversial issues.</p><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Proposals are made for the etiologic classification of pneumothorax in children, with an emphasis on hereditary forms of the disease. Issues of radiological and molecular genetic diagnostics are discussed. Treatment algorithms and follow-up are discussed.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Therefore, the development of clinical guidelines for pneumothorax is a pressing issue in health­care practice and requires discussion.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спонтанный пневмоторакс</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>наследственные заболевания легких</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spontaneous pneumothorax</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>hereditary lung diseases</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Joseph L.J., Bromiker R., Toker O. et al. Unilateral lung intubation for pulmonary air leak syndrome in neonates: a case series and a review of the literature. Am. J. Perinatol. 2011; 28 (2): 151–156. DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1263298.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Joseph L.J., Bromiker R., Toker O. et al. 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