pulmoПульмонологияPULMONOLOGIYA0869-01892541-9617Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC10.18093/0869-0189-2026-36-1-71-83pulmo-4834Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWРоль температурного фактора нижних дыхательных путей в патогенезе и терапии бронхиальной астмыRelationship between airway smooth muscle and asthma: the role of temperature in the treatmenthttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-7529-6690НгуенВ. Ч.NguyenV. T.

Нгуен Ван Чыонг – аспирант кафедры госпитальной терапии института материнства и детства

117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1

тел.: (996) 103-68-75

Van Truong Nguyen, Postgraduate Student, Department of Hospital Therapy,Institute of Maternity and Childhood

ul. Ostrovityanova 1, Moscow, 117997

tel.: (996) 103-68-75

dr.nguyentruong@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5618-5671СолдатовД. Г.SoldatovD. G.

Солдатов Дмитрий Германович – к. м. н., доцент, доцент кафедры госпитальной терапии Института материнства и детства

117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1

тел. (495) 276-28-53

Dmitry G. Soldatov, Candidate of Medicine, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Hospital Therapy, Institute of Maternity and Childhood

ul. Ostrovityanova 1, Moscow, 117997

tel. (495) 276-28-53

d.g.soldatov@mail.ruФедеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И.Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииВьетнамFederal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationViet Nam2026180220263617183Copyright © Нгуен В.Ч., Солдатов Д.Г., 20262026Нгуен В.Ч., Солдатов Д.Г.Nguyen V.T., Soldatov D.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4834

Бронхиальная астма (БА) – хроническое заболевание, характеризуемое хроническим воспалением, гиперреактивностью и обратимой обструкцией нижних дыхательных путей (ДП). Центральное место в патофизиологии БА занимает гладкая мускулатура дыхательных путей (ГМДП), которая играет ключевую роль в сужении и ремоделировании ДП. Локальная гипертермия ГМДП, достигаемая при бронхиальной термопластике (БТ) и ингаляциях подогретой гелий-кислородной смеси (термического гелиокса – t-He/O2), позволяет снизить массу и сократительную активность ГМДП, что может оказывать положительный патогенетический эффект в отношении симптомов и дальнейшего течения БА.

Целью настоящего обзора являлось изучение взаимосвязи между температурой и функциональным состоянием ГМДП у больных БА, а также терапевтический эффект применения термотерапии в лечении этого заболевания на основе анализа литературных источников, включенных в базы данных PubMed и Google Scholar.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Изучено 85 публикаций PubMed и Google Scholar, отобранных в результате поиска по следующим ключевым словам: «гладкая мускулатура дыхательных путей», «гладкие мышцы бронхов», «сокращение гладкой мускулатуры дыхательных путей», «расслабление гладкой мускулатуры дыхательных путей», гиперреактивность дыхательных путей», «хроническое воспаление», «бронхиальная астма», «гипертермия дыхательных путей», «бронхиальная термопластика», «термический гелиокс» (t-He/O2).

Результаты

Результаты. На основании литературных данных проведена оценка клинической эффективности и безопасности двух методов термической модуляции ГМДП – БТ и ингаляций t-He/O2. При использовании локальной гипертермии ГМДП, достигаемой при БТ и ингаляциях t-He/O2, наблюдается снижение массы и сократительной активности ГМДП, что может оказывать положительный патогенетический эффект в отношении симптомов и дальнейшего течения БА.

Заключение

Заключение. Изучение роли температурного фактора в поддержании локального воспалительного процесса и формировании бронхообструктивного синдрома имеет не только высокую научную значимость, но и безусловную практическую ценность для разработки новых перспективных методов лечения БА.

Asthma is a chronic disease characterized by chronic inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and reversible obstruction of the lower respiratory tract (RT). Airway muscles (ASM) play a central role in the pathophysiology of asthma, being essential for the narrowing and remodeling of the RT. Local hyperthermia of the ASM, achieved by bronchial thermoplasty (BT) and inhalation of a heated helium-oxygen mixture (thermal heliox, t-He/O2), reduces the ASM mass and contractile activity, which may have a positive pathogenetic effect on the symptoms and course of asthma.

The aim of this review is to study the relationship between the temperature of the ASM and the functional state in patients with asthma, as well as the therapeutic effect of thermotherapy in this disease based on an analysis of the literature from PubMed and Google Scholar.

Methods

Methods. 85 publications in PubMed and Google Scholar were selected by searching the following key words: “ASM”, “contraction of ASM”, “relaxation of ASM”, “hyperreactivity of the airways”, “chronic inflammation”, “asthma”, “hyperthermia of the airways”, “bronchial thermoplasty”, “thermal helium-oxygen mixture” (t-He/O2).

Results

Results. Based on literature data, an assessment was made of the clinical efficacy and safety of two methods of thermal modulation of ASM: BT and inhalation of t-He/O2. Local hyperthermia of the ASM, achieved by BT and inhalation of a t-He/O2 reduces the mass and contractile activity of ASM, which may have a positive pathogenetic effect on the symptoms and further course of BA.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Studying the role of temperature in maintaining local inflammation and the development of bronchial obstruction syndrome is not only of great scientific importance, but also has unquestionable practical value for the development of new promising methods of treating asthma.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.