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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2025-35-4-522-529</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-4791</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Туберкулез под «маской» коронавирусной пневмонии в период снижения пандемии COVID-19</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tuberculosis under the “mask” of coronavirus pneumonia during the decline of the COVID-19 pandemic</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1858-5206</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковлева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovleva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яковлева Елена Вадимовна – к. м. н., ассистент кафедры фтизиатрии и пульмонологии, Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; врач-пульмонолог, Самарская городская больница № 4</p><p>443099, Самара, Чапаевская, 89; 443056, Самара, ул. Мичурина, 125</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Elena V. Yakovleva, Candidate of Medicine, Assistant, Department of Phthisiology and Pulmonology, Samara State Medical University; Pulmonologist, Samara City Hospital No.4</p><p>ul. Chapaevskaya 89, Samara, 443099; ul. Michurina 125, 443056, Samara</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena130894@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3063-1538</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бородулина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borodulina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бородулина Елена Александровна – д. м. н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой фтизиатрии и пульмонологии</p><p>443099, Самара, Чапаевская, 89</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Borodulina, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Head of the Department of Phthisiology and Pulmonology</p><p>ul. Chapaevskaya 89, Samara, 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">borodulinbe@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3316-1977</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зубакина</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zubakina</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зубакина Снежана Алексеевна – аспирант кафедры фтизиатрии и пульмонологии, Самарский государственный медицинский университет; врач-пульмонолог, заведующая отделением «Терапия 1», Тольяттинская городская клиническая больница № 5</p><p>443099, Самара, Чапаевская, 89; 445039, Тольятти, бульвар Здоровья, 25</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Snezhana A. Zubakina, Postgraduate Student, Department of Phthisiology and Pulmonology, Samara State Medical University; Pulmonologist, Head of the Department “Therapy 1”, Tol’yatti City Clinical Hospital No.5</p><p>ul. Chapaevskaya 89, Samara, 443099; Bul’var Zdorov’ya 25, Tol’yatti, 445039</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sazubakina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4209-3025</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жилинская</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhilinskaya</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жилинская Кристина Васильевна – ординатор кафедры фтизиатрии и пульмонологии </p><p>443099, Самара, Чапаевская, 89</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kristina V. Zhilinskaya, Resident, Department of Phthisiology and Pulmonology</p><p>ul. Chapaevskaya 89, Samara, 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kristizhilinskay@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0039-6829</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вдоушкина</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vdoushkina</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вдоушкина Елизавета Сергеевна – к. м. н., доцент кафедры фтизиатрии и пульмонологии, Самарский государственный медицинский университет; врач-пульмонолог, Самарская городская больница № 4</p><p>443099, Самара, Чапаевская, 89; 443056, Самара, ул. Мичурина, 125</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta S. Vdoushkina, Candidate of Medicine, Associate Professor, Department of Phthisiology and Pulmonology, Samara State Medical University; Associate Professor, Pulmonologist, Samara City Hospital No.4</p><p>ul. Chapaevskaya 89, Samara, 443099; ul. Michurina 125, 443056, Samara</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chumanovaliza@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; &#13;
Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Самарской области «Самарская городская больница № 4»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Samara State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; &#13;
State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Samara Region “Samara City Hospital No.4”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Samara State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; &#13;
Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Самарской области «Тольяттинская городская клиническая больница № 5»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Samara State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; &#13;
State Budgetary Institution of Healthcare of the Samara Region “Tol’yatti City Clinical Hospital No.5”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>35</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>522</fpage><lpage>529</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Яковлева Е.В., Бородулина Е.А., Зубакина С.А., Жилинская К.В., Вдоушкина Е.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Яковлева Е.В., Бородулина Е.А., Зубакина С.А., Жилинская К.В., Вдоушкина Е.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yakovleva E.V., Borodulina E.A., Zubakina S.A., Zhilinskaya K.V., Vdoushkina E.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4791">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4791</self-uri><abstract><p>В периоды роста заболеваемости респираторными вирусными инфекциями возрастает риск пропустить другие заболевания, имеющие респираторные симптомы, в т. ч. туберкулез. Целью исследования являлся анализ проблемы дифференциальной диагностики туберкулеза легких (ТЛ) в период пандемии COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019).</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследование проведено на базе больницы городского уровня, круглосуточно принимающей пациентов с подозрением на новую коронавирусную инфекцию (НКВИ). Методом сплошной выборки за 12 мес. набраны 2 группы: 1-ю группу (n = 21) составили пациенты, у которых под «маской» коронавирусной пневмонии в процессе обследования был впервые диагностирован ТЛ, 2-ю группу – пациенты (n = 37) с диагнозом НКВИ, получивших лечение. Статистическая обработка данных проводилась в программе MedCalc 19.2.6. Statistical Software.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Среди пациентов с ТЛ преобладали мужчины. По данным анамнеза статистически значимых отличий не выявлено. Статистически значимыми отличиями между изучаемыми группами являются общий билирубин, общий белок, С-реактивный белок (СРБ), фибриноген, скорость оседания эритроцитов (СОЭ), гемоглобин, эритроциты, лейкоциты, тромбоциты, возраст, наличие мокроты, потеря обоняния. Применен метод логистической регрессии, в результате пошагового исключения получена модель, в которой представлены 6 наиболее значимых показателей, которые могут быть полезны при проведении дифференциальной диагностики ТЛ и НКВИ у пациентов с отрицательным результатом проведенного методом полимеразной цепной реакции теста на НКВИ: гемоглобин, фибриноген, лейкоциты, СОЭ, СРБ, наличие мокроты.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Независимо от текущей эпидемиологической ситуации по сезонным респираторным инфекциям, туберкулез не теряет своей значимости как инфекционное заболевание, при котором требуется своевременная и грамотная дифференциальная диагностика.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Periods of increased incidence of respiratory viral infections are associated with increased risk of misdiagnosing other diseases with respiratory symptoms, including tuberculosis.</p><p>The purpose of the study is to analyze the problem of differential diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><sec><title> Methods</title><p> Methods. The study was conducted at a city hospital that accepts patients with suspected new coronavirus infection around the clock. Two groups were recruited over 12 months using the continuous sampling method. The first group included 21 patients who were diagnosed with newly developed pulmonary tuberculosis that was initially diagnosed as coronavirus, the second group included 37 patients treated with the diagnosis of a new coronavirus infection. Statistical data processing was performed in MedCalc 19.2.6. Statistical Software.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The percentage of men was higher in the group with tuberculosis. No statistically significant differences were found in the medical history. Statistically significant differences between the studied groups were observed in total bilirubin, total protein, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, ESR, hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, age, the presence of sputum, loss of smell. The logistic regression method was used. Stepwise elimination led to a model that presents the most significant six indicators which can be useful in the differential diagnosis of tuberculosis and coronavirus in patients with a negative PCR test for coronavirus: hemoglobin, fibrinogen, leukocytes, ESR, CRP, and the presence of sputum.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Regardless of the current epidemiological situation for seasonal respiratory infections, tuberculosis does not lose its significance as an infectious disease that requires timely and competent differential diagnosis</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>туберкулез</kwd><kwd>дифференциальная диагностика</kwd><kwd>логистическая регрессия</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>пандемия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>differential diagnosis</kwd><kwd>logistic regression</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>pandemic</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках комплексной научной темы кафедры фтизиатрии и пульмонологии Федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации «Поражение легких инфекционной этиологии. Совершенствование методов выявления, диагностики и лечения» (14.05.21). Научно-исследовательская и опытно-конструкторская работа № 121051700033-3.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out within the complex scientific theme of the Department of Phthisiology and Pulmonology of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Samara State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation “Lung damage of infectious etiology. Improving the methods of detection, diagnosis and treatment” (14.05.21). Research and development work No.121051700033-3.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coleman J.J., Manavi K., Marson E.J. et al. COVID-19: to be or not to be; that is the diagnostic question. Postgrad. Med. J. 2020; 96 (1137): 392–398. 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