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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2025-35-4-511-521</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-4790</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эффективность и безопасность ингаляционной терапии термической гелий-кислородной смесью у пациентов с обострением хронической обструктивной болезни легких, осложненной гипоксемической и гиперкапнической дыхательной недостаточностью и вторичной легочной артериальной гипертензией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Efficacy and safety of inhalation therapy with thermal heliumoxygen mixture in patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated by hypoxemic and hypercapnic respiratory failure and secondary pulmonary arterial hypertension</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9285-9303</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шогенова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shogenova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шогенова Людмила Владимировна – к. м. н., доцент кафедры госпитальной терапии Института материнства и детства </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila V. Shogenova, Сandidate of Medicine, Associate Professor, Department of Hospital Therapy at the Institute of Motherhood and Childhood</p><p>ul. Ostrovityanova 1, Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Luda_Shog@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И.Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>35</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>511</fpage><lpage>521</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шогенова Л.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шогенова Л.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shogenova L.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4790">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4790</self-uri><abstract><p>Наиболее грозным осложнением и самой частой причиной госпитализации пациентов с хронической обструктивной болезнью легких (ХОБЛ) является дыхательная недостаточность (ДН), при лечении которой активно используется респираторная поддержка. Однако у 30 % больных с тяжелым обострением ХОБЛ в сочетании с гипоксемией и гиперкапнией респираторная поддержка неэффективна, что обусловливает необходимость поиска новых способов коррекции ДН.</p><p>Целью исследования явилось определение эффективности и безопасности термического гелиокса (t-He/O2) в лечении обострения ХОБЛ, осложненной гипоксемической и гиперкапнической ДН и вторичной легочной артериальной гипертензией (ЛАГ) (III группа согласно классификации Всемирной организации здравоохранения).</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В сравнительное контролируемое параллельное проспективное исследование были включены пациенты (n = 80: 49 мужчин, 31 женщина) с обострением ХОБЛ категории С и D по критериям Глобальной инициативы по диагностике и лечению хронической обструктивной болезни легких (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), 2021–2023), осложненной гипоксемической, гиперкапнической ДН и ЛАГ. Пациенты (n = 80), сходные по демографическим, клиническим и функциональным показателям и получавшие на фоне стандартной медикаментозной терапии неинвазивную вентиляцию легких (НИВЛ) при создании двухфазного положительного давления в дыхательных путях в спонтанно-принудительном режиме (Biphasic Positive Airway Pressure – BiPAP S / T) и кислород (О2) для поддержания уровня насыщения гемоглобина кислородом (SpO2) 95–97 %, были распределены на 2 группы: больные 1-й группы (n = 40: 25 мужчин, 15 женщин) 2 раза в день в течение 30 мин (всего 60 мин в день) получали ингаляции t-He/O2; пациенты 2-й группы (n = 40: 24 мужчины, 16 женщин) ингаляции t-He/O2 не получали. Оценивались динамика клинического состояния пациентов, газообмена в легких, кислотно-щелочного равновесия, фракции сброса слева направо, доставки кислорода, интегральных показателей гемодинамики, функции внешнего дыхания, толерантности к физической нагрузке (ТФН).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При применении t-Не/О2 у пациентов с ХОБЛ с гиперкапнической, гипоксемической ДН и ЛАГ на фоне стандартной терапии продемонстрированы положительное влияние не только на клиническое состояние пациентов, но и на показатели центральной гемодинамики, а также достоверное улучшение функции внешнего дыхания, ТФН, газового состава артериальной крови, кислотно-щелочного равновесия и фракции внутрилегочного сброса крови, парциального давления кислорода и углекислого газа в артериальной крови, насыщение гемоглобина кислородом, а также концентрации гидрокарбонат-ионов и лактата в артериальной крови по сравнению с таковыми показателями у пациентов контрольной группы.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Установлено, что ингаляции t-He/O2 на фоне НИВЛ безопасны и более эффективны по сравнению с кислородотерапией, при этом улучшается работа сердца и клиническое состояние больных, уменьшаются выраженность диспноэ и признаки гипоксемии и гиперкапнии, повышается ТФН за счет увеличения доставки кислорода к тканям, нормализации газообмена в легких, снижения фракции шунта и восстановления уровня бикарбонатов и лактата крови.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The most formidable complication and the most common reason for hospitalization of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is respiratory failure (RF), in the treatment of which respiratory support is actively used. However, respiratory support is ineffective in 30% of patients with severe exacerbation of COPD combined with hypoxemia and hypercapnia, which necessitates the search for new methods to correct RF.</p><p>The aim of the study was to determine the efficacy and safety of thermal heliox (t-He/O2) in the treatment of exacerbation of COPD complicated by hypoxemic and hypercapnic RF and secondary pulmonary hypertension (PH) (group III according to the classification of the World Health Organization).</p><sec><title> Methods</title><p> Methods. The comparative controlled parallel prospective study included patients (n = 80: 49 men, 31 women) with exacerbation of COPD of categories C and D according to the criteria of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD, 2021 – 2023), complicated by hypoxemic, hypercapnic respiratory failure and PH. The patients (n = 80) were similar in demographic, clinical and functional parameters and received noninvasive ventilation (NIV) with biphasic positive airway pressure (BiPAP S/T) and oxygen (O2) to maintain hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2) at 95–97% in addition to standard drug therapy. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n = 40: 25 men, 15 women) received t-He/O2 inhalations twice a day for 30 min (a total of 60 min per day); group 2 (n = 40: 24 men, 16 women) did not receive t-He/O2 inhalations. The dynamics of the clinical condition of patients, gas exchange in the lungs, acid-base balance, left-to-right shunt fraction, oxygen delivery, integral hemodynamic indices, external respiratory function (ERF), and exercise tolerance (ET) were assessed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. When using t-He/O2 in patients with COPD with hypercapnic, hypoxemic DN and PH against the background of standard therapy, a positive effect was demonstrated not only on the clinical condition of patients, but also on central hemodynamics, as well as a significant improvement in ERF, ET, arterial blood gas composition, acid-base balance and intrapulmonary shunt fraction, partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood, hemoglobin oxygen saturation, as well as the concentration of bicarbonate ions and lactate in arterial blood compared with such indices in patients in the control group.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. It has been established that t-He/O2 inhalations in parallel with NIVL are safe and effective compared to oxygen therapy, while improving cardiac function and the clinical condition of patients, reducing the severity of dyspnea and signs of hypoxemia and hypercapnia, increasing the ET due to increased oxygen delivery to tissues, normalizing gas exchange in the lungs, reducing the shunt fraction, and restoring the level of bicarbonates and lactate in the blood.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких</kwd><kwd>легочная артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>дыхательная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>гипоксемия</kwd><kwd>гиперкапния</kwd><kwd>термический гелиокс</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</kwd><kwd>pulmonary arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>respiratory failure</kwd><kwd>hypoxemia</kwd><kwd>hypercapnia</kwd><kwd>thermal heliox</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. 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