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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2025-35-5-667-675</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-4764</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Интерстициальный фиброз, связанный с курением: рентгеноморфологические сопоставления</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Smoking-related interstitial fibrosis: radiographic morphological comparisons</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8170-1260</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самсонова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samsonova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самсонова Мария Викторовна – д. м. н., заведующая лабораторией патологической анатомии и иммунологии; старший научный сотрудник лаборатории инновационной патоморфологии</p><p>Author ID: 429128 </p><p>115682, Москва, Ореховый бульвар, 28, стр. 10, тел.: (495) 651-95-60 </p><p>111123, Москва, шоссе Энтузиастов, 86, стр. 6 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariya V. Samsonova, Doctor of Medicine, Head of Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy and Immunology; Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Innovative Pathomorphology</p><p>Author ID: 429128 </p><p>Orekhovyy bul’var 28, build. 10, Moscow, 115682, tel.: (495) 651-95-60 </p><p>Shosse Entuziastov 86, Moscow, 111123 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">samary@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8198-9313</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баймаканова</surname><given-names>Г. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baimakanova</surname><given-names>G. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баймаканова Гульсара Есенгельдиевна – д. м. н., профессор кафедры пульмонологии Института непрерывного образования и профессионального развития; заведующая отделом пульмонологии</p><p>AuthorID: 512881 </p><p>111123, Москва, шоссе Энтузиастов, 86, стр. 6, тел.: (495) 304-30-39 </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gulsara E. Baimakanova, Doctor of Medicine, Professor of the Pulmonology Department, Institute of Continuing Education and Professional Development; Head of the Department of Pulmonology</p><p>AuthorID: 512881 </p><p>Shosse Entuziastov 86, Moscow, 111123, tel.: (495) 304-30-39 </p><p>ul. Ostrovityanova 1, Moscow, 117997 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gulsara.bai@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3332-1949</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тараканова</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarakanova</surname><given-names>I. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тараканова Ирина Юрьевна – младший научный сотрудник отдела пульмонологии</p><p>111123, Москва, шоссе Энтузиастов, 86, стр. 6, тел.: (495) 304-30-35 (доб. 4135) </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina Yu. Tarakanova, Junior Researcher, Department of Pulmonology </p><p>Shosse Entuziastov 86, Moscow, 111123, tel.: (495) 304-30-35 (edd. 4135)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.tarakanova@mknc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9795-7022</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайличенко</surname><given-names>К. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailichenko</surname><given-names>K. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михайличенко Кирилл Юрьевич – научный сотрудник лаборатории патологической анатомии</p><p>115682, Москва, Ореховый бульвар, 28, стр. 10, тел: (495) 651-95-63, доб. 6146  </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill Yu. Mikhailichenko, Researcher, Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy </p><p>Orekhovyy bul’var 28, build. 10, Moscow, 115682, tel.: (495) 651-95-63 (edd. 6146) </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kirr.mih@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0973-9250</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черняев</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherniaev</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черняев Андрей Львович – д. м. н., профессор, заведующий отделом фундаментальной пульмонологии; профессор кафедры патологической анатомии и клинической патологической анатомии лечебного факультета; ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической морфологии Научно-исследовательского института морфологии человека имени академика А.П.Авцына</p><p>Author ID: 473390 </p><p>115682, Москва, Ореховый бульвар, 28, стр. 10, тел.: (495) 651-95-60 </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1 </p><p>117418, Москва, ул. Цюрупы, 3 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey L. Cherniaev, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Head of the Department of Fundamental Pulmonology; Professor, Department of Pathological Anatomy and Clinical Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine; Laboratory of Clinical Morphology, Avtsyn Research Institute оf Human Morphology</p><p>Author ID: 473390 </p><p>Orekhovyy bul’var 28, build. 10, Moscow, 115682, tel.: (495)651-95-60 </p><p>ul. Ostrovityanova 1, Moscow, 117997 </p><p>ul. Tsyurupy 3, Moscow, 117418 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cheral12@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии Федерального медико-биологического агентства России» ; Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения города Москвы «Московский клинический научно-практический центр имени А.С.Логинова Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Pulmonology Scientific Research Institute” under Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russian Federation ; State Budgetary Institution of Healthcare of the city of Moscow “Moscow Clinical Scientific and Practical Center named after A.S.Loginov of the Department of Healthcare of the City of Moscow”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения города Москвы «Московский клинический научно-практический центр имени А.С.Логинова Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы» ; Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И.Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Budgetary Institution of Healthcare of the city of Moscow “Moscow Clinical Scientific and Practical Center named after A.S.Loginov of the Department of Healthcare of the City of Moscow” ; Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения города Москвы «Московский клинический научно-практический центр имени А.С.Логинова Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Budgetary Institution of Healthcare of the city of Moscow “Moscow Clinical Scientific and Practical Center named after A.S.Loginov of the Department of Healthcare of the City of Moscow”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии Федерального медико-биологического агентства России»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Pulmonology Scientific Research Institute” under Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии Федерального медико-биологического агентства России» ; Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И.Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации ; Научно-исследовательский институт морфологии человека имени академика А.П.Авцына Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения&#13;
«Российский научный центр хирургии имени академика Б.В.Петровского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Pulmonology Scientific Research Institute” under Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russian Federation ; Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation ; Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>35</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>667</fpage><lpage>675</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Самсонова М.В., Баймаканова Г.Е., Тараканова И.Ю., Михайличенко К.Ю., Черняев А.Л., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Самсонова М.В., Баймаканова Г.Е., Тараканова И.Ю., Михайличенко К.Ю., Черняев А.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Samsonova M.V., Baimakanova G.E., Tarakanova I.Y., Mikhailichenko K.Y., Cherniaev A.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4764">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4764</self-uri><abstract><p>Болезни легких, связанные с курением, разнообразны, однако наиболее сложными для диагностики остаются заболевания, при которых развиваются интерстициальные изменения, при ряде патологий сочетающиеся с эмфиземой. Целью работы являлось проведение рентгеноморфологических сопоставлений при интерстициальном фиброзе (ИФ), связанном с курением (ИФСК). Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ гистологического материала, полученного от пациентов (n = 119) (курящие и экс-курильщики), перенесших лобэктомию по поводу рака легкого или других очаговых образований в легких. Результаты. По результатам гистологического исследования выявлены пациенты (n = 27: 18 мужчин, 9 женщин; экс-курильщики – 4; средний возраст – 69,1 ± 8,9 года; индекс курения (ИК) – 42,06 ± 11,8 пачко-лет) с гистологическими признаками ИФСК. Распространенность фиброза, оцененная полуколичественно при гистологическом исследовании, была достоверно связана с ИК (r = 0,44; p &lt; 0,05). Фиброз межальвеолярных перегородок наблюдался в зонах эмфизематозного расширения альвеол, помимо этого, у 1/3 пациентов выявлены признаки хронического бронхиолита, а у 2/3 – констриктивного бронхиолита. Наличие эмфиземы находилось в корреляционной зависимости от наличия констриктивного бронхиолита (r = 0,67; p &lt; 0,05). У 11 из 27 пациентов были обнаружены фибробластические фокусы в стенках респираторных бронхиол, причем их наличие также коррелировало с эмфизематозными изменениями (r = 0,40; p &lt; 0,05). Признаки эмфиземы при компьютерно-томографическом (КТ) исследовании были выявлены у 80 % пациентов. Помимо этого, выявлены полисегментарные участки уплотнения легочной ткани по типу «матового стекла» у 12 из 20 пациентов, ретикулярные и / или тяжистые изменения – у 14, уплотнения междолькового интерстиция – у 8 пациентов. Эти признаки расценивались как «фиброзные» при локализации их в зоне эмфиземы. При проведении корреляционного анализа обнаружена зависимость между выявленной рентгенологически эмфиземой и фиброзными изменениями, обнаруженными при гистологическом исследовании (r = 0,50), а распространенность КТ-признаков фиброза коррелировала с наличием фибробластических фокусов в стенках бронхиол (r = 0,51). Заключение. Развитие ИФСК наиболее вероятно у лиц с длительным стажем курения – &gt; 20 пачко-лет. При КТ-исследовании не всегда выявляются признаки ИФСК. Признаки эмфиземы выявлены у 80 % пациентов, а признаки, возможно ассоциированные с фиброзом, – менее чем в 50 % наблюдений. Учитывая гистологические данные, ИФСК является конечной стадией респираторного бронхиолита курильщиков.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Smoking-related lung diseases are diverse, but the most difficult to diagnose remain diseases that involve interstitial changes, in some pathologies combined with emphysema. The aim of the research is to compare the X-ray and morphological features of smoking-related interstitial fibrosis (SRIF). Methods. A histological analysis of surgical samples from 119 patients (smokers and ex-smokers) who underwent lobectomy for lung cancer or other focal lesions in the lungs was performed. Results. Twenty seven patients (18 men, 9 women, 4 ex-smokers) with histological signs of SRIF were identified based on the pathology results; the mean age was 69.1 ± 8.9 years, the smoking index (SI) was 42.06 ± 11.8 pack-years. Results. The prevalence of fibrosis, assessed semi-quantitatively by histological examination, was significantly associated with the SI (r = 0.44; p &lt; 0.05). Fibrosis of the interalveolar septa was observed in areas of emphysema; in addition, signs of chronic bronchiolitis were detected in a third of patients, and constrictive bronchiolitis in 2/3 of patients. The presence of emphysema was correlated with the presence of constrictive bronchiolitis (r = 0.67; p &lt; 0.05). In 11 of 27 patients, fibroblastic foci were found in the walls of the respiratory bronchioles, and their presence also correlated with emphysematous changes (r = 0.40; p &lt; 0.05). CT scans revealed signs of emphysema in 80% patients. In addition; polysegmental areas with ground glass opacities were detected in 12/20 patients, reticular and/or cord-like attenuations were detected in 14 patients, and interlobular interstitial thickening was detected in 8 patients. These signs were assessed as “fibrous” when localized in the emphysema zone. When conducting a correlation analysis, a relationship was found between radiologically detected emphysema and fibrotic changes detected by histological examination (r = 0.50), and the prevalence of CT signs of fibrosis correlated with the presence of fibroblastic foci in the bronchiolar wall (r = 0.51). Conclusion. SRIF is more common in individuals with a smoking history of more than 20 pack-years. CT examination does not always identify the signs of SRIF. In our study, signs of emphysema were detected in 80% patients, and signs possibly associated with fibrosis – in less than half of the cases. Histological results suggest that SRIF is the end stage of the respiratory bronchiolitis of smokers.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>интерстициальный фиброз</kwd><kwd>связанный с курением</kwd><kwd>интерстициальные болезни легких</kwd><kwd>респираторный бронхиолит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>smoking-related interstitial fibrosis</kwd><kwd>interstitial lung diseases</kwd><kwd>respiratory bronchiolitis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках инициативной научно-исследовательской работы «Рентгеноморфологическая характеристика интерстициального фиброза, связанного с курением, и возможности диагностики заболевания» Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии Федерального медико-биологического агентства России» и Государственного бюджетного учреждения здравоохранения города Москвы «Московский клинический научно-практический центр имени А.С.Логинова Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was performed within the framework of the initiative research project “X-ray and morphological characteristics of interstitial fibrosis associated with smoking and the possibility of diagnosing the disease” of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Pulmonology Scientific Research Institute” under Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russian Federation and the State Budgetary Institution of Healthcare of the city of Moscow “Moscow Clinical Scientific and Practical Center named after A.S.Loginov of the Department of Healthcare of the City of Moscow”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Katzenstein A.L., Mukhopadhyay S., Zanardi C., Dexter E. 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