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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2024-34-6-910-919</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-4626</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗАМЕТКИ ИЗ ПРАКТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRACTICAL NOTES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анти-IL5Rи анти-IL4Rα-стратегия у пациентов с аллергической тяжелой бронхиальной астмой: клинические наблюдения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Anti-IL5R and anti-IL4Rα strategy in patients with severe allergic asthma: clinical observations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3028-2657</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наумова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naumova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наумова Вероника Викторовна – к. м. н., доцент кафедры факультетской терапии, эндокринологии, аллергологии и иммунологии.</p><p>620028, Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, 3; тел.: (922) 147-42-42</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Veronika V. Naumova - Candidate of Medicine, Associate Professor, Department of Faculty Therapy, Endocrinology, Allergology and Immunology.</p><p>Ul. Repina 3, Ekaterinburg, 620028; tel.: (922) 147-42-42</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nika.naumova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3385-2632</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зыков</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zykov</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зыков Кирилл Алексеевич – д. м. н., член-корр., профессор Российской академии наук, заместитель директора по научной и инновационной работе НИИП, заведующий кафедрой факультетской терапии и профессиональных болезней РУМ.</p><p>115682, Москва, Ореховый бульвар, 28; 127006, Москва, ул. Долгоруковская, 4; тел.: (925) 772-94-62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill А. Zykov - Doctor of Medicine, Corresponding Member, Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Deputy Director for Research and Innovation Work, FSBI “Pulmonology Scientific Research Institute” under Federal Medical and Biological Agency of RF; Head of the Department of Faculty Therapy and Occupational Diseases, RUM.</p><p>Orekhovyy bul’var 28, Moscow, 115682; ul. Dolgorukovskaya 4, Moscow, 127006; tel.: (925) 772-94-62</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kirillaz@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-2243</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бельтюков</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beltyukov</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бельтюков Евгений Кронидович – д. м. н., профессор, член-корр. Российской академии наук; профессор кафедры факультетской терапии, эндокринологии, аллергологии и иммунологии Уральский ГМУ.</p><p>620028, Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, 3; тел.: (922) 219-40-23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Еvgeny К. Beltyukov - Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Professor, Department of Faculty Therapy, Endocrinology, Allergology and Immunology.</p><p>Ul. Repina 3, Ekaterinburg, 620028; tel.: (922) 219-40-23</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asthma@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9565-3570</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эсаулова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Esaulova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эсаулова Наталья Александровна – к. м. н., заведующая отделением дифференциальной диагностики туберкулеза.</p><p>620039, Екатеринбург, 22-го Партсъезда, 50; тел.: (922) 204-04-97</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya A. Esaulovа - Candidate or Medicine, Head of the Department of Differential Diagnosis of Tuberculosis.</p><p>Ul. 22-go Parts’ezda 50, Ekaterinburg, 620039; tel.: (922) 204-04-97</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">esanat1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0823-4605</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Быкова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bykova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Быкова Галина Александровна – к. м. н., ассистент кафедры факультетской терапии, эндокринологии, аллергологии и иммунологии.</p><p>620028, Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, 3; тел.: (919) 702-88-02</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina А. Bykova - Candidate or Medicine, Assistant Professor, Department of Faculty Therapy, Endocrinology, Allergology and Immunology.</p><p>Ul. Repina 3, Ekaterinburg, 620028; tel.: (919) 702-88-02</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Center-ao@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0716-3529</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лепешкова</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lepeshkova</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лепешкова Татьяна Сергеевна – к. м. н., врач аллерголог-иммунолог, доцент кафедры поликлинической педиатрии.</p><p>620028, Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, 3; тел.: (922) 206-94-49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana S. Lepeshkova, Candidate or Medicine, Allergist-Immunologist, Associate Professor, Department of Outpatient Pediatrics.</p><p>Ul. Repina 3, Ekaterinburg, 620028; tel.: (922) 206-94-49</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">levlpa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8104-0017</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Штанова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shtanova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Штанова Александра Александровна – ординатор.</p><p>127486, Москва, ул. Ивана Сусанина, 3; тел.: (912) 276-03-89</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandra A. Shtanova - Resident.</p><p>Ul. Ivana Susanina 3, Moscow, 3127486; tel.: (912) 276-03-89</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alekshtanova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education “Ural State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии» Федерального медико-биологического агентства России; Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет медицины» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Pulmonology Scientific Research Institute” under Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russian Federation; Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian University of Medicine” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский научно-исследовательский институт фтизиопульмонологии – филиал федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Federal Research Institute of Phthisiology and Pulmonology – a Branch of National Medical Research Center for Phthisiology, Pulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Healthcare Ministry of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Федеральное бюро медико-социальной экспертизы» Министерства труда и социальной защиты Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Federal Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise”, Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>910</fpage><lpage>919</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Наумова В.В., Зыков К.А., Бельтюков Е.К., Эсаулова Н.А., Быкова Г.А., Лепешкова Т.С., Штанова А.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Наумова В.В., Зыков К.А., Бельтюков Е.К., Эсаулова Н.А., Быкова Г.А., Лепешкова Т.С., Штанова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Naumova V.V., Zykov K.A., Beltyukov Е.К., Esaulova N.A., Bykova G.A., Lepeshkova T.S., Shtanova A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4626">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4626</self-uri><abstract><p>При узконаправленном действии иммунобиологических препаратов необходимо понимание патогенетических механизмов тяжелой бронхиальной астмы (ТБА) у конкретного пациента.</p><p>Целью работы явилась демонстрация важности определения у пациентов эндотипа и фенотипа ТБА для выбора таргетного препарата на примере случаев неэффективности анти-IL5R-терапии у пациентов с аллергической ТБА (АТБА). Приводится клиническое наблюдение за пациентками (n = 2) с АТБА с дебютом в детском возрасте, у которых перед началом таргетной терапии выявлены причинно-значимые аллергены и высокая эозинофилия. Назначение анти-IL5 препарата бенрализумаб в таких случаях разрешено Руководством по биологической терапии (The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology – EAACI, 2020), однако терапия оказалась неэффективной. Пациентки были переведены на анти-IL4R-препарат дупилумаб, опосредованно блокирующий продукцию IgE, при этом отмечен положительный эффект.</p><p>Заключение. На примере наблюдений за пациентками с АТБА показана необходимость определения эндотипа и фенотипа ТБА для решения вопроса о выборе таргетного препарата. Показана неэффективность анти-IL5R-препарата у пациентов с АТБА, несмотря на выраженную исходную эозинофилию крови. При эозинофилии, опосредованной Th2 при АТБА, предпочтение стоит отдавать анти-IgEили анти-IL4R-препаратам.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>With the narrow action of immunobiological drugs, it is necessary to understand the pathogenetic mechanisms of severe asthma (SA) in a particular patient.</p><p>The aim of the work was to demonstrate the importance of determining the endotype and phenotype of SA to select a targeted drug using the example of cases of anti-IL5R treatment failure in patients with allergic SA (ASA). Patients (n = 2) with ASA onset in childhood, identified causative allergens, and high eosinophilia before the start of targeted therapy are presented. The use of the anti-IL5 drug benralizumab in such cases is permitted by the Guidelines for Biological Therapy (The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology – EAACI, 2020), but the therapy was ineffective. The patients were switched to the anti-IL4R drug dupilumab, which indirectly blocks IgE production, with a positive outcome.</p><p>Conclusion. The considered cases of ASA demonstrate the necessity of determining the endotype and phenotype of SA to select the targeted drug. The inefficiency of the anti-IL5R drug in patients with ASA is shown, despite the pronounced initial blood eosinophilia. In case of Th2-mediated eosinophilia in ASA, preference should be given to anti-IgE or anti-IL4R drugs.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тяжелая аллергическая бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>фенотипирование бронхиальной астмы</kwd><kwd>бенрализумаб</kwd><kwd>дупилумаб</kwd><kwd>выбор таргетного препарата</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>severe allergic asthma</kwd><kwd>phenotyping of asthma</kwd><kwd>benralizumab</kwd><kwd>dupilumab</kwd><kwd>choice of a targeted drug</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Спонсорская поддержка исследования отсутствовала</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">There was no sponsorship or financial support for the article</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agache I.O. From phenotypes to endotypes to asthma treatment. Curr. Opin. Allergy Clin. 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