pulmoПульмонологияPULMONOLOGIYA0869-01892541-9617Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC10.18093/0869-0189-2024-34-3-395-400pulmo-4561Research ArticleМАТЕРИАЛЫ КОНГРЕССАCONGRESSРоль оксида азота в развитии заболеваний мужской репродуктивной системы и возможности его применения в клинической практикеThe role of nitric oxide in the development of diseases of the male reproductive system and its potential applications in clinical practicehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0206-043XАполихинО. И.ApolikhinO. I.

Аполихин Олег Иванович – директор

105425, Москва, 3-я Парковая ул., 51, стр. 1

тел.: (499) 110-40-67

Oleg I. Apolikhin, Director, N.Lopatkin Scientific Research

ul. 3rd Parkovaya 51, build. 1, Moscow, 105425

tel.: (499) 110-40-67

sekr.urology@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9819-6299КраснякС. С.KrasnyakS. S.

Красняк Степан Сергеевич – ведущий научный сотрудник отдела андрологии и репродукции человека

105425, Москва, 3-я Парковая ул., 51, стр. 1

тел.: (499) 110-40-67

Author ID: 641107

Stepan S. Krasnyak, Leading Researcher, Department of Andrology and Human Reproduction

ul. 3rd Parkovaya 51, build. 1, Moscow, 105425

tel.: (499) 110-40-67

krasnyakss@mail.ruНаучно-исследовательский институт урологии и интервенционной радиологии имени Н.А.Лопаткина – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияN.Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology – branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “National Medical Research Radiological Centre” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian Federation202423062024343395400Copyright © Аполихин О.И., Красняк С.С., 20242024Аполихин О.И., Красняк С.С.Apolikhin O.I., Krasnyak S.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4561

Оксид азота (NO) – это активная форма азота, представляющая собой молекулу высокой физиологической и патологической важности. Физиологические механизмы, опосредованные NO, в основном включают в себя ангиогенез, рост, половое созревание и старение. NO играет жизненно важную роль в нормальном воспроизводстве, включая стероидогенез, гаметогенез и регуляцию апоптоза зародышевых клеток. У мужчин NO играет ключевую роль в стероидогенезе, эректильной функции, капацитации сперматозоидов и акросомной реакции. Кроме того, NO также является регулятором взаимодействия клеток Сертоли с зародышевыми клетками и поддержания гематотестикулярного барьера. При патологических состояниях, таких как инфекции, повышенная активность NO-синтазы стимулирует избыточный синтез NO, который действует как провоспалительный медиатор, вызывая окислительный стресс, губительный для репродуктивной функции у мужчин. При чрезмерном синтезе NO нарушаются функции половых желез, что вызывает апоптоз и окислительное повреждение зародышевых клеток. В обзоре рассматриваются различия в уровнях экспрессии NO и объясняется его положительное и отрицательное влияние на мужскую фертильность.

Nitric oxide (NO), a reactive nitrogen species, is a molecule of high physiological and pathological importance. Physiological mechanisms mediated by NO mainly include angiogenesis, growth, puberty, and senescence. NO has vital roles in normal reproduction, including steroidogenesis, gametogenesis, and the regulation of germ-cell apoptosis. In males, NO is a key player in steroidogenesis, erectile functions, sperm capacitation, and acrosome reaction. Moreover, NO is also a regulator of Sertoli cell-germ cell interaction and maintenance of the blood-testis barrier. In pathological conditions such as infections, increased nitric oxide synthase activities stimulate the excessive synthesis of NO which acts as a proinflammatory mediator inducing oxidative stress, detrimental to reproductive functions in males. Excessive NO synthesis disrupts gonadal functions and induces germ cell apoptosis and oxidative damage to the germ cells. This review elucidates how the differences in NO expression levels account for its beneficial and adverse impacts on male fertility.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.