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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2024-34-6-846-856</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-4531</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фагоцитарная активность лейкоцитов у пациентов с COVID-19</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Phagocytic activity of leukocytes in patients with COVID-19</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1382-9403</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костинов</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostinov</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Костинов Михаил Петрович – д. м. н., профессор, член-корр. Российской академии наук, заведующий лабораторией вакцинопрофилактики и иммунотерапии аллергических заболеваний НИИВС имени И.И. Мечникова; заведующий кафедрой эпидемиологии и современных технологий вакцинации Института профессионального образования Первый МГМУ имени И.М. Сеченова.</p><p>105064, Москва, Малый Казенный переулок, 5А; 119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2; тел.: (495) 917-41-49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Malyy Kazennyy per. 5A, 105064, Moscow; Ul. Trubetskaya 8, build. 2, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">monolit.96@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9928-926X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайнитдинова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gainitdinova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гайнитдинова Вилия Вилевна – д. м. н., доцент, профессор кафедры пульмонологии Института клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского Первый МГМУ имени И.М. Сеченова; старший научный сотрудник лаборатории вакцинопрофилактики и иммунотерапии аллергических заболеваний НИИВС имени И.И. Мечникова.</p><p>105064, Москва, Малый Казенный переулок, 5А; 119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2; тел: (495) 708-35-76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Malyy Kazennyy per. 5A, 105064, Moscow; Ul. Trubetskaya 8, build. 2, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivv_08@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1027-7620</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипцов</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osiptsov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Осипцов Валерий Николаевич – старший врач-терапевт.</p><p>143914, Московская обл., Балашиха, мкрн Никольско-Архангельский, Вишняковское шоссе, владение 101; тел.: (916) 367-60-22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vishnyakovskoye shosse, property 101, mkr Nikol’sko-Arkhangel’skiy, Moskovskaya obl., Balashikha, 143914</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">valetsosiptsov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8143-7356</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бишева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bisheva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бишева Ирина Васильевна – научный сотрудник лаборатории механизмов регуляции иммунитета.</p><p>105064, Москва, Малый Казенный переулок, 5А;  (495) 917-49-00</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Malyy Kazennyy per. 5A, 105064, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ibisheva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2342-9307</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сходова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skhodova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сходова Светлана Анатольевна – к. б. н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории механизмов регуляции иммунитета.</p><p>105064, Москва, Малый Казенный переулок, 5А; тел.: (495) 917-49-00</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Malyy Kazennyy per. 5A, 105064, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">skhodova2009@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4003-9976</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хромова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khromova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хромова Екатерина Александровна – к. м. н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории вакцинопрофилактики и иммунотерапии аллергических заболеваний.</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2; тел.: (495) 917-49-00</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ul. Trubetskaya 8, build. 2, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kate.khromova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2469-7346</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баранова Ирина Александровна – д. м. н., профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии педиатрического факультета.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1; тел.: (499) 780-08-16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ul. Ostrovityanova 1, Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iribaranova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8167-0959</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крюкова</surname><given-names>Н. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kryukova</surname><given-names>N. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крюкова Надежда Олеговна – к. м. н., ассистент кафедры госпитальной терапии педиатрического факультета.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1; тел.: (499) 780-08-16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ul. Ostrovityanova 1, Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kryukovanadia@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7986-8010</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соколова Елизавета Сергеевна – ординатор кафедры пульмонологии Института клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского.</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2; тел.: (495) 708-35-76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ul. Trubetskaya 8, build. 2, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">1999@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6808-5528</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чучалин</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chuchalin</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чучалин Александр Григорьевич – д. м. н., профессор, академик Российской академии наук, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной терапии педиатрического факультета.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1; тел.: (499) 780-08-50</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ul. Ostrovityanova 1, Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pulmomoskva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток имени И.И. Мечникова»; Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “I.I.Mechnikov Vaccine and Serum Research Institute”; Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное казенное учреждение здравоохранения «Главный военный клинический госпиталь войск национальной гвардии Российской Федерации»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution of Healthcare “Main Military Clinical Hospital of the Troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток им. И.И. Мечникова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “I.I.Mechnikov Vaccine and Serum Research Institute”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток имени И.И. Мечникова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “I.I.Mechnikov Vaccine and Serum Research Institute”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>846</fpage><lpage>856</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Костинов М.П., Гайнитдинова В.В., Осипцов В.Н., Бишева И.В., Сходова С.А., Хромова Е.А., Баранова И.А., Крюкова Н.О., Соколова Е.С., Чучалин А.Г., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Костинов М.П., Гайнитдинова В.В., Осипцов В.Н., Бишева И.В., Сходова С.А., Хромова Е.А., Баранова И.А., Крюкова Н.О., Соколова Е.С., Чучалин А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kostinov M.P., Gainitdinova V.V., Osiptsov V.V., Bisheva I.V., Skhodova S.A., Khromova E.A., Baranova I.A., Kryukova N.O., Sokolova E.S., Chuchalin A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4531">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4531</self-uri><abstract><p>При попытках детализировать воспалительные механизмы, возникающие при SARS-CoV-2, выявлено значимое усиление регуляции циркулирующих провоспалительных цитокинов, а также активация клеток врожденного иммунитета.</p><p>Целью исследования явилось изучение фагоцитарной активности (ФА) лейкоцитов у госпитализированных пациентов с COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019).</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено исследование ФА лейкоцитов у пациентов, госпитализированных с COVID-ассоциированным поражением легких (n = 105: 69 мужчин, 36 женщин; средний возраст – 43,5 (37; 51) года; средняя длительность заболевания до госпитализации – 6 (4; 8) дней). С помощью кластерного анализа в зависимости от тяжести COVID-19 выделены 2 группы (кластера) пациентов: 1-я (n = 34) – заболевание среднетяжелого течения, 2-я (n = 71) – легкого течения. Для определения ФА нейтрофилов и моноцитов в периферической крови применялся метод проточной цитофлуориметрии с определением нейтрофильного (НИ) и моноцитарного (МИ) индекса.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Медиана НИ составила 97,9 (96,3; 99) %, МИ – 91,2 (84,6; 95), что соответствует интервалу нормальных референсных значений. Однако по результатам корреляционного анализа выявлена статистически значимая прямая взаимосвязь между МИ и показателем насыщения гемоглобина крови кислородом (SpO2) (r = 0,21; 95 %-ный доверительный интервал (ДИ) – 0,005–0,39; p = 0,04); обратная корреляция МИ с уровнем С-реактивного белка (r = –0,31; 95 %-ный ДИ – (–0,11) до (–0,48); p = 0,003) и степенью поражения легких по данным компьютерной томографии (r = –0,2; 95 %-ный ДИ – (–0,11) до (–0,48); p = 0,05). МИ в группе среднетяжелого течения COVID-19 был статистически значимо ниже такового в группе легкого течения COVID-19 (86,7 (81,4; 91,7) и 92,6 (86,5; 95,4); p = 0,01). Через 30 дней после начала лечения в динамике МИ у исходно более тяжелых пациентов статистически значимо увеличился и стал сопоставим с таковым у пациентов с легким течением. НИ в крови не зависел от исходной степени тяжести и не менялся в динамике.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Установлено, что при осложненных формах инфекции SARS-CoV-2 снижается ФА моноцитарномакрофагального звена врожденного иммунитета. Степень снижения ФА моноцитов напрямую связана с тяжестью COVID-19 и становится сопоставимой с МИ у пациентов с легким течением через 30 дней после начала лечения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The initial efforts to describe the inflammatory mechanisms associated with SARS-CoV-2 have revealed upregulation of circulating proinflammatory cytokines as well as activation of innate immune cells.</p><p>The aim of the study was to investigate the phagocytic activity of leukocytes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019).</p><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The phagocytic activity of leukocytes was studied in admitted patients with COVID-associated lung disease (n = 105). The mean age of the studied patients was 43.5 (37; 51) years; 69 for men, and 36 for women; the mean duration of the disease before hospitalization was 6 (4; 8) days. Using cluster analysis, two groups of patients (clusters) were formed according to the severity of COVID-19: Group 1 with the moderate course (n = 34) and Group 2 with the mild course (n = 71). Flow cytofluorimetry with determination of neutrophil (NI) and monocyte index (MI) was used to determine the phagocytic activity of neutrophils and monocytes in the peripheral blood.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The median NI in the studied patients was 97.9% (96.3; 99); the mean median MI was 91.2% (84.6; 95). The correlation analysis revealed statistically significant direct correlation of MI with SpO2 level (r = 0.21; 95% CI: 0.005 – 0.39; p = 0.04); inverse correlation of MI with CRP level (r = –0.31; 95% CI: –0.11 to –0.48; p = 0.003) and degree of lung damage by CT (r = –0.2; 95% CI: –0.11 to –0.48); p = 0.05). MI in the group with moderate course was statistically significantly lower than in the group with mild course of COVID-19 (86.7 (81.4; 91.7) and 92.6 (86.5; 95.4), p = 0.01). The blood MI of the initially more severe patients statistically significantly increased.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Complicated forms of SARS-CoV-2 infection lead to a decrease in phagocytic activity of the monocytic-macrophage link of innate immunity. The degree of decrease in monocyte phagocytic activity is directly related to the severity of COVID-19, and the MI is comparable in the patients with severe and mild course after 30 days of treatment.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>фагоцитарная активность нейтрофилов и моноцитов</kwd><kwd>нейтрофильный индекс</kwd><kwd>моноцитарный индекс</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>phagocytic activity of neutrophils and monocytes</kwd><kwd>neutrophil and monocyte index</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Финансовая поддержка исследования отсутствовала</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">No financial support was provided for the study</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shaath H., Vishnubalaji R., Elkord E., Alajez N.M. 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