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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2025-4507</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-4507</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Бронхиальная астма и ожирение: возможности бариатрической хирургии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Asthma and obesity: capabilities of bariatric surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7464-826X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кароли</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karoli</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кароли Нина Анатольевна – д. м. н., профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии лечебного факультета</p><p>410012, Саратов, ул. Большая Казачья, 112, тел.: (917) 213­69­86</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nina A. Karoli, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, hospital therapy chair of general medicine Department</p><p>ul. Bol’shaya Kazach’ya 112, Saratov, 410012; tel.: (917) 213­69­86</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nina.karoli.73@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Саратовский государственный медицинский университет имени В.И.Разумовского» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Saratov State Medical University named after V.I.Razumovsky”, Healthcare Ministry of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>35</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>844</fpage><lpage>853</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кароли Н.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кароли Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karoli N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4507">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4507</self-uri><abstract><p>Фенотип бронхиальной астмы (БА) с ожирением является актуальной проблемой современной медицины. По данным ряда исследований продемонстрировано, что при ожирении риск развития БА увеличивается в 1,4–2,6 раза. Установлено, что БА у лиц с ожирением часто ассоциируется с бóльшим количеством симптомов, более выраженным нарушением функции внешнего дыхания и высокой потребностью в ингаляционных препаратах. Снижение массы тела (МТ) приносит пользу для здоровья в отношении многих сопутствующих заболеваний, связанных с ожирением, однако диета, физические упражнения и даже фармакологически индуцированная потеря МТ демонстрируют низкую долгосрочную эффективность. Бариатрическая операция (БО) является многообещающим хирургическим вмешательством для снижения МТ и долгосрочного контроля над сопутствующими заболеваниями, связанными с ожирением, включая БА.</p><p>Целью данной работы является обобщение данных о влиянии БО на течение БА.</p><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Подтверждена эффективность использования бариатрических методов при лечении БА с морбидным ожирением. Продемонстрировано, что снижение МТ оказывает благотворное влияние на БА и контроль над ней, при этом снижается число обострений БА, госпитализаций, потребность в использовании препаратов неотложной помощи, улучшаются качество жизни и результаты функциональных тестов легких. Механизмы, объясняющие улучшение, а иногда и ремиссию БА после бариатрического вмешательства, вероятно, являются многофакторными. В то же время основу сообщений о результатах БО у пациентов с БА в основном составляют обсервационные исследования с многочисленными ограничениями, включая небольшое число пациентов, отсутствие четких конечных точек и стандартизации диагностики, классификации и оценки результатов лечения БА. В большинстве работ не указывается степень тяжести БА, а если указывается, то это преимущественно нетяжелая БА. Остается неясным, различается ли эффект в зависимости от фенотипа БА с ожирением. Также в настоящее время практически отсутствуют данные о различиях в эффективности и безопасности используемого метода хирургического вмешательства у больных БА.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. БО следует рассматривать как метод лечения пациентов с морбидным ожирением и тяжелой БА после предшествующей неудачи медикаментозного, диетического, физического и психотерапевтического лечения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The phenotype of asthma and obesity is an urgent problem of modernmedicine. A number of studies have shown that obesity increases the risk of developing asthma by 1.4 – 2.6 times. It has been found that asthma in obese people is often associated with a larger number of symptoms, more pronounced impairment of pulmonary function, and a high need for inhaled drugs. Weight loss provides health benefits against many comorbidities such as obesity, but diet, exercise, and even pharmacologically induced weight loss are associated with poor long-term effectiveness. Bariatric surgery is a promising intervention for weight loss and long-term control of obesity-related comorbidities, including asthma.</p><p>The purpose of this work is to summarize data on the effect of bariatric surgery on the course of asthma.</p><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Available data support the effectiveness of bariatric methods in the treatment of asthma with morbid obesity: weight loss has a beneficial effect on asthma, its control and reduces the use of emergency medications, asthma exacerbations, hospitalizations, and also leads to improved quality of life and functional lung tests. The mechanisms that explain the improvement and sometimes remission of asthma after bariatric surgery are likely multifactorial. At the same time, it should be noted that the reported results of bariatric surgery in patients with asthma mostly come from observational studies, which have many limitations, including small numbers of patients, lack of clear endpoints, lack of standardization of diagnosis, classification and evaluation of asthma treatment results. Most studies do not specify the severity of asthma, and in those that do, most patients had mild or moderate asthma. It remains unclear whether the effect differs depending on the phenotype of the obese asthmatic patient. Also, at present, there is practically no data on differences in the effectiveness and safety of the method of surgical intervention used in patients with asthma.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Bariatric techniques should be considered a treatment option in morbidly obese patients with severe asthma after the previous failure of medical, dietary, physical, and psychotherapeutic treatments.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>бариатрическая хирургия</kwd><kwd>контроль</kwd><kwd>эффективность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bronchial asthma</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>bariatric surgery</kwd><kwd>control</kwd><kwd>efficiency</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Okoniewski W., Lu K.D., Forno E. Weight loss for children and adults with obesity and asthma. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Ann. Am. Thorac. Soc. 2019; 16 (5): 613–625. DOI: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201810-651SR.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Okoniewski W., Lu K.D., Forno E. 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