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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2024-34-1-7-18</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-4484</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕРЕДОВАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EDITORIAL</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные взгляды на функциональную роль водорода и его кинетику в человеческом организме</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current views on the functional role of hydrogen and its kinetics in the human body</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8942-4851</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Медведев</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Medvedev</surname><given-names>О. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Медведев Олег Стефанович – д. м. н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой фармакологии факультета фундаментальной медицины Федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова» Правительства Российской Федерации; заведующий лабораторией экспериментальной фармакологии Научно-исследовательского института экспериментальной кардиологии имени академикаВ.Н.Смирнова Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии имени академика Е.И.Чазова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Ленинские Горы, 1,</p><p>121552, Москва, ул. Академика Чазова, 15А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg S. Medvedev, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Head of the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Federal State BudgetEducational Institution of Higher Education M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, The Government of the Russian Federation; Head of the Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Cardiology named after Academician V.N.Smirnov, Federal State BudgetaryInstitution “National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology named afterAcademician E.I.Chazov” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federationul. Leninskiye Gory 1, Moscow, 119991,</p><p>Akademika Chazova 15A, Moscow, 121552</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oleg.omedvedev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова» Правительства Российской Федерации;&#13;
Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии имени академика Е.И.Чазова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, The Government of the Russian Federation;&#13;
Federal State Budgetary Institution “National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named After Academician E.I.Chazov” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Медведев О.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Медведев О.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Medvedev О.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4484">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4484</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью обзора явилось представление исторических данных об открытии водорода и краткое изложение его физических свойств, составляющих основу применения в воздухоплавании. Приводятся сведения о применении водорода как биологически нейтральной молекулы в медицине в качестве диагностического индикатора проникающих ран желудочно-кишечного тракта, определения локального кровотока методом водородного клиренса, использования водородного дыхательного теста для диагностики мальабсорбции и непереносимости углеводов, ахлоргидрии, диагностики синдрома избыточного бактериального роста, оценки биодеградации магний-содержащих имплантов, времени ороцекального транзита, при глубоководных погружениях. Анализируются причины резкого повышения интереса врачей к изучению биологической роли водорода после открытия группой японских ученых (2007) его антиоксидантных свойств. С целью повышения антиоксидантной защиты организма приводятся данные работ последних лет о способах повышения его концентрации в организме при введении экзогенного газа путем ингаляций, назначении насыщенных водородом воды (ВНВ) или физиологического раствора. Особое внимание уделено критическому анализу исследований по изучению кинетики водорода при разных путях его концентрации в крови и тканях, ингаляции и применении ВНВ. На основании анализа опубликованных работ дается обоснование наибольшей перспективности применения молекулярного водорода при окислительном стрессе в тканях кишечника, печени и легких, т. к. именно в этих тканях создается наивысшая его концентрация. Показано также, что при ферментации углеводов увеличивается продукция водорода микробиотой кишечника. С учетом появления на рынке большого количества генераторов молекулярного водорода суммируются данные о требованиях к их безопасности. Представления о применении молекулярного водорода с целью антиоксидантной защиты организма в кардиологии, гастроэнтерологии, пульмонологии и других областях медицины базируются на современных взглядах на механизмы антиоксидантных, антиапоптических, цитопротективных и противовоспалительных эффектов водорода. Особое внимание уделяется анализу экспериментальных и клинических работ, посвященных применению водорода при острых и хронических поражениях легких, терапии острой и хронической инфекции COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019).</p><p>Заключение. На основании анализа литературы и ряда собственных данных сделан вывод о безопасности и перспективности клинического применения молекулярного водорода в широком диапазоне концентраций при многих заболеваниях, основу патогенеза которых составляет оксидативный стресс. Особо отмечена необходимость дополнительных исследований с целью уточнения режима, периодичности, длительности и концентраций применяемого водорода, персонифицированного подхода к сочетанию эндогенного (из микробиоты кишечника) и экзогенного водорода при различных заболеваниях.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of this overview was to present historical data on the discovery of hydrogen and a brief summary of its physical properties that form the basis for its use in aeronautics. Information is provided on the use of hydrogen, a biologically neutral molecule, in medicine as a diagnostic indicator for penetrating wounds of the gastrointestinal tract, the determination of local blood flow using the hydrogen clearance method, the use of the hydrogen breath test for the diagnosis of malabsorption and carbohydrate intolerance, achlorhydria, the diagnosis of bacterial overgrowth syndrome, the assessment of biodegradation of magnesium-containing implants, the orocecal transit time, and during deep-sea diving. The reasons for the sharp increase in the doctors’ interest in studying the biological role of hydrogen after the discovery of its antioxidant properties by a group of Japanese scientists (2007) are analyzed. In order to increase antioxidant protection of the body, data from recent research on ways to increase its concentration in the body through the supply of exogenous gas by inhalation or by administering hydrogen-rich water or saline solution is presented. Particular attention is paid to a critical analysis of studies on the kinetics of hydrogen by different routes, its concentration in blood and tissues, inhalation, and the use of hydrogen-rich water. Based on an analysis of publications, that the use of molecular hydrogen to relieve oxidative stress in the tissues of the intestines, liver and lungs is most promising, since its highest concentration is found in these tissues. Fermentation of carbohydrates has also been shown to increase the production of hydrogen by the intestinal  microbiota. Considering that a large number of molecular hydrogen generators appeared on the market, the data on the requirements for their safety are summarized. Considerations on the use of molecular hydrogen for the purpose of antioxidant protection of the body in cardiology, gastroenterology, pulmonology, and other areas of medicine are based on modern views on the mechanisms of antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, cytoprotective, and anti-inflammatory effects of hydrogen. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of experimental and clinical research on the use of hydrogen in acute and chronic lung lesions, therapy of acute and chronic COVID-19 infection.</p><p>Conclusion. Based on an analysis of the literature and our own data, a conclusion was drawn on the safety and prospects of the clinical use of molecular hydrogen in a wide range of concentrations in many diseases with the pathogenesis based on oxidative stress. In particular, the need for additional research was highlighted to clarify the regimen, frequency, duration and concentrations of hydrogen used, and a personalized approach to the combination of endogenous (from the intestinal microbiota) and exogenous hydrogen in various diseases.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>молекулярный водород</kwd><kwd>ингаляция</kwd><kwd>вода</kwd><kwd>насыщенная водородом</kwd><kwd>кинетика обмена</kwd><kwd>антиоксидант</kwd><kwd>пульмонология</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Molecular hydrogen</kwd><kwd>inhalation</kwd><kwd>hydrogen-rich water</kwd><kwd>metabolic kinetics</kwd><kwd>antioxidant</kwd><kwd>pulmonology</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда, грант 22-13-00111</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was sponsored by the Grant #22-13-00111 of the Russian Science Foundation</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dixon B.J., Tang J., Zhang J.H. 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