<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2023-33-5-703-712</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-4210</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗАМЕТКИ ИЗ ПРАКТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRACTICAL NOTES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Грибковые инфекции у пациентов на фоне прогрессирования COVID-19: патоморфологическая картина и клинические наблюдения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fungal infections in patients with progressing COVID-19: pathomorphology and description of clinical cases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7147-7912</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мнихович</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mnichovich</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мнихович Максим Валерьевич – к. м. н., доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник Центральной патологоанатомической лаборатории</p><p>117418, Москва, ул. Цюрупы, 3</p><p>тел.: (903) 641-82-85</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim V. Mnikhovich, Candidate of Medicine, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher, Central Pathological Anatomical Laboratory</p><p>ul. Tsyurupy 3, Moscow, 117418</p><p>tel.: (903) 641-82-85</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mnichmaxim@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7941-1210</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солдатова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soldatova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Солдатова Антонина Алексеевна – студентка IV курса лечебного факультета</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p><p>тел.: (984) 154-02-01</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Antonina A. Soldatova, IV year student, Medical Faculty</p><p>ul. Ostrovityanova 1, Moscow, 117997</p><p>tel.: (984) 154-02-01</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">soldatova.am@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7286-281X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усманов</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Usmanov</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Усманов Сергей Ильдарович – студент IV курса лечебного факультета</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p><p>тел.: (925) 264-33-12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey I. Usmanov, IV year student, Medical Faculty</p><p>ul. Ostrovityanova 1, Moscow, 117997</p><p>tel.: (925) 264-33-12</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ycmanov@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5947-1523</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ширипенко</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shiripenko</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ширипенко Иван Александрович – студент V курса педиатрического факультета</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p><p>тел.: (999) 285-10-26</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan A. Shiripenko, V year student, Pediatrics Faculty</p><p>ul. Ostrovityanova 1, Moscow, 117997</p><p>tel.: (999) 285-10-26</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hikkiwahikki@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4024-2747</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сидорова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sidorova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сидорова Ольга Александровна – студентка V курса педиатрического факультета </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p><p>тел.: (916) 626-50-99</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Sidorova, V year student, Pediatrics Faculty</p><p>ul. Ostrovityanova 1, Moscow, 117997</p><p>tel.: (916) 626-50-99</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sidela25@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1102-1133</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лозина</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lozina</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лозина Милена Владиславовна – студентка VI курса педиатрического факультета </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p><p>тел.: (977) 119-61-48</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Milena V. Lozina, VI year student, Pediatrics Faculty</p><p>ul. Ostrovityanova 1, Moscow, 117997</p><p>tel.: (977) 119-61-48</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">puzar.mila@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0038-0109</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Снегур</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Snegur</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Снегур Светлана Владимировна – заведующая патологоанатомическим отделением </p><p>390039, Рязань, ул. Интернациональная, 3А</p><p>тел.:(920) 631-49-20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Snegur, Head of the Pathoanatomical Department</p><p>ul. Internatsional’naya 3A, Ryazan, 390039</p><p>tel.: (920) 631-49-20</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svsnegur@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1977-3620</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>Ю. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>Ju. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павлова Юлия Геннадиевна – врач-патологоанатом</p><p>390039, Рязань, ул. Интернациональная, 3А</p><p>тел.: (930) 882-29-19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia G. Pavlova, Pathologist</p><p>ul. Internatsional’naya 3A, Ryazan, 390039</p><p>tel.: (930) 882-29-19</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">luisa0bscura@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3595-8654</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакланов</surname><given-names>П. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baklanov</surname><given-names>P. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бакланов Павел Павлович – врач-патологоанатом </p><p>390039, Рязань, ул. Интернациональная, 3А</p><p>тел.: (996) 910-65-44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel P. Baklanov, Pathologist</p><p>ul. Internatsional’naya 3A, Ryazan, 390039</p><p>tel.: (996) 910-65-44</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baklanov.p@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6900-9198</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козеев</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozeev</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Козеев Владислав Михайлович – врач-патологоанатом </p><p>390039, Рязань, ул. Интернациональная, 3А</p><p>тел.: (910) 906-27-27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladislav M. Kozeev, Pathologist</p><p>ul. Internatsional’naya 3A, Ryazan, 390039</p><p>tel.: (910) 906-27-27</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kozeev.vlad@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>«Научно-исследовательский институт морфологии человека имени академика А.П.Авцына» Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Российский научный центр хирургии имени академика Б.В.Петровского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И.Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное бюджетное учреждение Рязанской области «Областная клиническая больница» Министерства здравоохранения Рязанской области</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Budgetary Institution of the Ryazan Region “Regional Clinical Hospital” of the Ministry of Health of the Ryazan Region</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>703</fpage><lpage>712</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мнихович М.В., Солдатова А.А., Усманов С.И., Ширипенко И.А., Сидорова О.А., Лозина М.В., Снегур С.В., Павлова Ю.Г., Бакланов П.П., Козеев В.М., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мнихович М.В., Солдатова А.А., Усманов С.И., Ширипенко И.А., Сидорова О.А., Лозина М.В., Снегур С.В., Павлова Ю.Г., Бакланов П.П., Козеев В.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mnichovich M.V., Soldatova A.A., Usmanov S.I., Shiripenko I.A., Sidorova O.A., Lozina M.V., Snegur S.V., Pavlova J.G., Baklanov P.P., Kozeev V.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4210">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4210</self-uri><abstract><p>Инвазивные легочные микозы – частое осложнение новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019) тяжелого течения, характеризуемое стремительным распространением и высокой летальностью. Особенно важным становится изучение эпидемиологии и патоморфологии суперинфекции для понимания основного вектора в диагностике и лечении данного осложнения. Целью работы явилось рассмотрение аспектов эпидемиологии, патоморфологической картины и клинических проявлений инвазивных микозов легких на фоне течения COVID-19. Представлены клинические наблюдения за пациентами, у которых на фоне COVID-19 при получении соответствующей терапии развилась грибковая суперинфекция (кандидоз, аспергиллез). Рассмотрены и изучены результаты аутопсийного исследования с применением световой микроскопии и использованием рутинных методов окраски микропрепаратов. При оценке макроскопической картины поражения и данных гистологического исследования подробно описаны морфологические изменения в легких, характерные для сочетания грибковой (кандидоз, аспергиллез) и вирусной (COVID-19) инфекций. Заключение. Данные патологоанатомического исследования имеют важное значение как для фундаментальных дисциплин, так и для клинической практики, поскольку являются основой для поиска новых способов лечения пациентов с коморбидной патологией и разработки прогностического алгоритма.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Invasive pulmonary mycoses are a common complication of severe COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019) and are characterized by rapid spread and high mortality. It is especially important to study the epidemiology and pathomorphology of fungal superinfection in order to understand the main vector of the diagnosis and treatment of this complication. The aim of this paper is to consider aspects of the epidemiology, pathomorphologic picture, and clinical manifestations of invasive pulmonary mycoses associated with COVID-19. Clinical cases of fungal superinfections (candidiasis, aspergillosis) associated with COVID-19 in patients receiving appropriate therapy were presented. Results of autopsy examination and light microscopy with routine staining were analyzed. Macroscopic assessment of lesions and histological examination revealed morphological multiorgan changes typical of the combination of fungal (candidiasis, aspergillosis) and viral infection (COVID-19). Conclusion. The presented data of post-mortem examination are important for both science and clinical practice as they form the basis for finding new ways of treating patients with comorbid pathology and developing a prognostic algorithm.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>грибковая суперинфекция</kwd><kwd>аспергиллез</kwd><kwd>кандидоз</kwd><kwd>патологическая анатомия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>fungal superinfection</kwd><kwd>aspergillosis</kwd><kwd>candidiasis</kwd><kwd>pathology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хостелиди C.Н., Шадривова О.В., Борзова Ю.В. и др. Клинико-лабораторные особенности мукормикоза у взрослых. Проблемы медицинской микологии. 2020; 22 (2): 22–28. DOI: 10.24412/1999-6780-2020-2-22-28.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khostelidi C.N., Shadrivova O.V., Borzova Yu.V. [Clinical and laboratory features of mucormycosis in adults]. Problemy meditsinskoy mikologii. 2020; 22 (2): 22–28. DOI: 10.24412/1999-6780-2020-2-22-28 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gangneux J.P., Bougnoux M.E., Dannaoui E. et al. Invasive fungal diseases during COVID-19: We should be prepared. J. Mycol. Med. 2020; 30 (2): 100971. DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2020.100971.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gangneux J.P., Bougnoux M.E., Dannaoui E. et al. Invasive fungal diseases during COVID-19: We should be prepared. J. Mycol. Med. 2020; 30 (2): 100971. DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2020.100971.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yang X., Yu Y., Xu J. et al. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir. Med. 2020; 8 (5): 475–481. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30079-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yang X., Yu Y., Xu J. et al. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir. Med. 2020; 8 (5): 475–481. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30079-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sen M., Honavar S.G., Bansal R. et al. Epidemiology, clinical profile, management, and outcome of COVID-19-associated rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis in 2826 patients in India – Collaborative OPAI-IJO study on mucormycosis in COVID-19 (COSMIC), report 1. Indian J. Ophthalmol. 2021; 69 (7): 1670–1692. DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1565_21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sen M., Honavar S.G., Bansal R. et al. Epidemiology, clinical profile, management, and outcome of COVID-19-associated rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis in 2826 patients in India – Collaborative OPAI-IJO study on mucormycosis in COVID-19 (COSMIC), report 1. Indian J. Ophthalmol. 2021; 69 (7): 1670–1692. DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1565_21.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ramaswami A., Sahu A.K., Kumar A. et al. COVID-19-associated mucormycosis presenting to the Emergency Department-an observational study of 70 patients. QJM. 2021; 114 (7): 464–470. DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcab190.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ramaswami A., Sahu A.K., Kumar A. et al. COVID-19-associated mucormycosis presenting to the Emergency Department-an observational study of 70 patients. QJM. 2021; 114 (7): 464–470. DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcab190.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization. WHO coronavirus disease (COVID-19) dashboard. Available at: https://covid19.who.int [Accessed: April 04, 2023].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Health Organization. WHO coronavirus disease (COVID-19) dashboard. Available at: https://covid19.who.int [Accessed: April 04, 2023].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Честнова Т.В., Подшибякина А.С. Ассоциация SARS-CoV-2 с бактериальными, вирусными и грибковыми патогенами как возможная причина тяжелых форм COVID-19 (обзор литературы). Вестник новых медицинских технологий. 2022; 28 (3): 58–63. DOI: 10.24412/1609-2163-2021-3-58-63.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chestnova T.V., Podshibyakina A.S. [Association of SARS-CoV-2 with bacterial, viral and fungal pathogens as a possible cause of severe forms of COVID-19]. Vestnik novykh meditsinskikh tekhnologiy. 2022; 28 (3): 58–63. DOI: 10.24412/1609-2163-2021-3-58-63 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arastehfar A., Carvalho A., van de Veerdonk F.L. et al. COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA)-from immunology to treatment. J. Fungi (Basel). 2020; 6 (2): 91. DOI: 10.3390/jof6020091.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arastehfar A., Carvalho A., van de Veerdonk F.L. et al. COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA)-from immunology to treatment. J. Fungi (Basel). 2020; 6 (2): 91. DOI: 10.3390/jof6020091.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Овсянников Н.В., Билевич О.А. COVID-19-ассоциированный легочный аспергиллез. Клиническая микробиология и антимикробная химиотерапия. 2021; 23 (3): 239–246. DOI: 10.36488/cmac.2021.3.239-246.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ovsyannikov N.V., Bilevich O.A. [COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis]. Klinicheskaya mikrobiologiya i antimikrobnaya khimioterapiya. 2021; 23 (3): 239–246. DOI: 10.36488/cmac.2021.3.239-246 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Костинов М.П., Маркелова Е.В., Свитич О.А., Полищук В.Б. Иммунные механизмы SARS-CoV-2 и потенциальные препараты для профилактики и лечения COVID-19. Пульмонология. 2020; 30 (5): 700–708. DOI: 10.18093/0869-0189-2020-30-5-700-708.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kostinov M.P., Markelova E.V., Svitich O.A., Polishchuk V.B. [Immune mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 and potential drugs in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19]. Pul'monologiya. 2020; 30 (5): 700–708. DOI: 10.18093/0869-0189-2020-30-5-700-708 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang J., Yang Q., Zhang P. et al. Clinical characteristics of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with COVID-19 in Zhejiang, China: a retrospective case series. Crit. Care. 2020; 24 (1): 299. DOI: 10.1186/s13054-020-03046-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang J., Yang Q., Zhang P. et al. Clinical characteristics of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with COVID-19 in Zhejiang, China: a retrospective case series. Crit. Care. 2020; 24 (1): 299. DOI: 10.1186/s13054-020-03046-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen N., Zhou M., Dong X. et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet. 2020; 395 (10223): 507–513. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen N., Zhou M., Dong X. et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet. 2020; 395 (10223): 507–513. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шадривова О.В., Козлова О.П., Десятик Е.А. Клинический случай инвазивного аспергиллеза легких на фоне применения ингибитора фактора некроза опухоли-альфа. Проблемы медицинской микологии. 2016; 18 (4): 23–26. Доступно на: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/klinicheskiy-sluchay-invazivnogo-aspergilleza-legkih-na-fone-primeneniya-ingibitora-faktora-nekroza-opuholi-alfa/viewer</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shadrivova O.V., Kozlova O.P., Desyatik E.A. [A clinical case of invasive aspergillosis of lungs on the background of the us of tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor]. Problemy meditsinskoy mikologii. 2016; 18 (4): 23–26. Available at: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/klinicheskiy-sluchay-invazivnogo-aspergilleza-legkih-na-fone-primeneniya-ingibitora-faktora-nekroza-opuholi-alfa/viewer (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van Arkel A.L.E., Rijpstra T.A., Belderbos H.N.A. et al. COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2020; 202 (1): 132–135. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202004-1038LE.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van Arkel A.L.E., Rijpstra T.A., Belderbos H.N.A. et al. COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2020; 202 (1): 132–135. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202004-1038LE.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тилавбердиев Ш.А., Мадаминов Ф.А., Турсуметов А.А. и др. Клинический случай успешного лечения инвазивного аспергиллеза, ассоциированного с COVID-19 в Республике Узбекистан. Проблемы медицинской микологии. 2022; 24 (2): 12–15. DOI: 10.24412/1999-6780-2022-2-12-15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tilavberdiev Sh.A., Madaminov F.A., Tursumetov A.A. et al. [A clinical case of successful treatment of associated with COVID-19 invasive aspergillosis in the Republic of Uzbekistan]. Problemy meditsinskoy mikologii. 2022; 24 (2): 12–15. DOI: 10.24412/1999-6780-2022-2-12-15 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Charlson E.S., Diamond J.M., Bittinger K. et al. Lung-enriched organisms and aberrant bacterial and fungal respiratory microbiota after lung transplant. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2012; 186 (6): 536–545. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201204-0693OC.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Charlson E.S., Diamond J.M., Bittinger K. et al. Lung-enriched organisms and aberrant bacterial and fungal respiratory microbiota after lung transplant. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2012; 186 (6): 536–545. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201204-0693OC.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arastehfar A., Carvalho A., Nguyen M.H. et al. COVID-19-associated candidiasis (CAC): an underestimated complication in the absence of immunological predispositions. J. Fungi (Basel). 2020; 6 (4): 211. DOI: 10.3390/jof6040211.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arastehfar A., Carvalho A., Nguyen M.H. et al. COVID-19-associated candidiasis (CAC): an underestimated complication in the absence of immunological predispositions. J. Fungi (Basel). 2020; 6 (4): 211. DOI: 10.3390/jof6040211.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
