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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2022-32-4-539-547</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-4132</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Постковидный бронхообструктивный синдром в практике врача-терапевта и пульмонолога: широкомасштабное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Postcovid bronchoobstructive syndrome in practice of general practitioner and pulmonologist: large-scale study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1620-7159</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лещенко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leshchenko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лещенко Игорь Викторович – д. м. н., профессор кафедры фтизиатрии и пульмонологии Федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, главный научный сотрудник Уральского научно-исследовательского института фтизиопульмонологии – филиала Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, научный руководитель клиники Общества с ограниченной ответственностью «Медицинское объединение «Новая больница»»</p><p>620028, Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, 3</p><p>620039, Екатеринбург, 22-го Партсъезда, 50</p><p>620109, Екатеринбург, ул. Заводская, 29</p><p>тел.: (343) 246-44-75</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor V. Leshсhenko, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Department of Phthisiology, Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery, Ural Federal State Medical University, Healthcare Ministry of Russia; Chief Researcher, Ural Federal Research Institute of Phthisiology and Pulmonology – A Branch of National Medical Research Center for Phthisiology, Pulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Healthcare Ministry of Russia; Scientiﬁc Director of the Clinic, “Novaya bol’nitsa” Clinical Association Limited Liability Companies</p><p>ul. Repina 3, Ekaterinburg, 620028</p><p>ul. 22-go Parts’ezda 50, Ekaterinburg, 620039</p><p>ul. Zavodskaya 29, Ekaterinburg, 620109</p><p>tel.: (343) 246-44-75</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eshchenkoiv@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эсаулова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Esaulova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эсаулова Наталья Александровна – к. м. н., доцент кафедры фтизиатрии и пульмонологии Федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, заведующая пульмонологическим отделением клиники Общества с ограниченной ответственностью «Медицинское объединение “Новая больница”»</p><p>620028, Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, 3</p><p>620109, Екатеринбург, ул. Заводская, 29</p><p>тел.: (343) 246-44-75</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya A. Esaulova, Candidate or Medicine, Associate Professor, Department of Phthisiology and Pulmonology, Ural Federal State Medical University, Healthcare Ministry of Russia; Head of Pulmonology Department, “Novaya bol’nitsa” Clinical Association Limited Liability Companies</p><p>ul. Repina 3, Ekaterinburg, 620028</p><p>ul. Zavodskaya 29, Ekaterinburg, 620109</p><p>tel.: (343) 242-48-42</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">esanat1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Уральский научно-исследовательский институт фтизиопульмонологии – филиал федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Медицинское объединение «Новая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Federal State Medical University, Healthcare Ministry of Russia; Ural Federal Research Institute of Phthisiology and Pulmonology – A Branch of National Medical Research Center for Phthisiology, Pulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Healthcare Ministry of Russia; “Novaya bol’nitsa” Clinical Association Limited Liability Companies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Медицинское объединение «Новая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Federal State Medical University, Healthcare Ministry of Russia; “Novaya bol’nitsa” Clinical Association Limited Liability Companies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>539</fpage><lpage>547</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лещенко И.В., Эсаулова Н.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лещенко И.В., Эсаулова Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Leshchenko I.V., Esaulova N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4132">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/4132</self-uri><abstract><p>По данным литературы, о взаимосвязи Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) и бронхообструктивного синдрома (БОС) в постковидном периоде однозначного вывода сделать невозможно.</p><p>Целью исследования являлось определение оптимальных подходов к лечению на основании комплексной оценки клинических, лабораторных и функциональных показателей с учетом факторов риска развития БОС.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Обследованы лица (n = 10 456), перенесшие COronaVIrus Disease-19 (COVID-19), 7 459 из которых были рандомизированы на 2 группы пациентов со впервые диагностированным БОС. Пациентам 1-й группы (n = 3 245) был назначен беклометазон (БДП) / формотерол (ФОРМ) в режиме поддерживающей и облегчающей терапии (Maintenance And Reliever Therapy – MART), 2-й (n = 4 252) – суспензия будесонида (БУД) и раствор сальбутамола (САЛ). Оценивались тяжесть перенесенной новой коронавирусной инфекции (НКИ), атопия и частота острых респираторных вирусных инфекций (ОРВИ) в анамнезе, определялись спирометрические показатели, количество эозинофилов в периферической крови, частота применения больными лекарственных препаратов «по потребности» и нежелательные явления. Контроль над бронхиальной астмой (БА) осуществлялся при помощи опросника по контролю над БА – Asthma Control Questionnaire-5 (ACQ-5).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У пациентов, перенесших COVID-19 в легкой форме (73,3 %), симптомы БОС диагностированы на 8–24-й неделе, у больных после НКИ средней тяжести и тяжелого течения (54,9 %) – на 4-й неделе. В 71,8 % случаев диагностирован вирус-индуцированный (ВИ) БОС. У 13 % больных с БОС в постковидном периоде установлен диагноз БА.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Выявлено, что при средней тяжести и тяжелом течении НКИ у больных с атопией и частыми ОРВИ в анамнезе частота развития БОС достоверно выше. При лечении ВИ БОС отмечено преимущество терапии фиксированной комбинацией БДП / ФОРМ в форме экстрамелкодисперсного дозированного аэрозольного ингалятора в режиме MART по сравнению с таковой при назначении небулизированной суспензии БУД + раствор САЛ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>It is hard to make a conclusion about relationship between Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Bronchoobstructive Syndrome (BOS) in the postcovid period based on the literature.</p><sec><title>The aim</title><p>The aim. To determine the optimal treatment approaches by conducting a comprehensive assessment of clinical, laboratory and functional parameters, taking into account the risk factors for the development of BOS.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. 10,456 patients with Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) were examined, and 7,459 patients were randomized into 2 groups with a newly diagnosed BOS. Group 1 (n = 3,245) was prescribed beclomethasone/formoterol (BDP/FORM) as Maintenance And Reliever Therapy (MART). Group 2 (n = 4,252) was prescribed budesonide suspension (BUD) and salbutamol solution (SAL). The study assessed severity of COVID-19, presence of atopy and frequency of acute respiratory viral infections (SARS) in the medical history, spirometric parameters, blood eosinophils, Asthma Control Questionnaire-5 (ACQ-5) score, use of pro re nata medications, and adverse events.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Patients who had mild COVID-19 were diagnosed with BOS at weeks 8 – 24 (73.3%), while patients with moderate or severe COVID-19 were diagnosed at week 4 (54.9%). Virus-induced BOS (VI BOS) was diagnosed in 71.8% of the cases. 13% of the patients with BOS in postcovid period were diagnosed with asthma.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The incidence of BOS is significantly higher in patients with atopy and history of frequent SARS who had moderate or severe COVID-19. A fixed combination of extrafine BDP/FORM as MART was superior to nebulized BUD + SALM in the treatment of VI BOS.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>постковидный период</kwd><kwd>бронхообструктивный синдром</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>postcovid period</kwd><kwd>bronchoobstructive syndrome</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают благодарность администрации и сотрудникам пульмонологической службы Общества с ограниченной ответственностью «Медицинское объединение “Новая больница”» за содействие, помощь и поддержу в проведении данного научного исследования.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors express their gratitude to the administration and staff of the pulmonological service of the “Novaya bol’nitsa” Clinical Association Limited Liability Companies for their assistance, aid and support in conducting this scientific study.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Woodruﬀ P., Bhakta N., Fahy J. 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