pulmoПульмонологияPULMONOLOGIYA0869-01892541-9617Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC10.18093/08690189-2022-32-2-239-243pulmo-3856Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWПодходы к вакцинации против новой коронавирусной инфекции у реципиентов солидных органовApproaches to vaccination against the new coronavirus infection in solid organ recipientshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0533-0909ПолищукВ. Б.PolishchukV. B.

Полищук Валентина Борисовна – кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории вакцинопрофилактики и иммунотерапии 

105064, Россия, Москва, Малый Казенный переулок, 5а

Valentina B. Polishchuk, Candidate of Medicine, Senior Researcher, Laboratory оf Vaccination аnd Immunotherapy of Allergic Diseases Malуy Kazennуy per. 5a, Moscow, 105064, Russia

polischook@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1382-9403КостиновМ. П.KostinovM. P.

Костинов Михаил Петрович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией вакцинопрофилактики и иммунотерапии Научно-исследовательского института вакцин и сывороток имени И.И.Мечникова; заведующий кафедрой эпидемиологии и современных технологий вакцинации Института профессионального образования Первого Московского государственного медицинского университета имени И.М.Сеченова

105064, Россия, Москва, Малый Казенный переулок, 5а: 119991, Россия, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2

 

Mikhail P. Kostinov, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Head of the Laboratory for Vaccine Prevention and Immunotherapy of Allergic Diseases, I.I.Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera; Head of the Department of Epidemiology and Modern Vaccination Technologies,  I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Malуy Kazennуy per. 5a, Moscow, 105064, Russia; ul. Trubetskaya 8, build. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russia

;

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7759-2003РыжовA. А.RyzhovA. A.

Рыжов Алексей Анатольевич – старший научный сотрудник лаборатории вакцинопрофилактики и иммунотерапии 

105064, Россия, Москва, Малый Казенный переулок, 5а

Aleksey A. Ryzhov, Senior Researcher, Laboratory оf Vaccination аnd Immunotherapy of Allergic Diseases

Malуy Kazennуy per. 5a, Moscow, 105064, Russia

5231201@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8368-1056КарчевскаяН. А.KarchevskayaN. A.

Карчевская Наталья Анатольевна – научный сотрудник отделения неотложной торакоабдоминальной хирургии 

129090, Россия, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3

Natal’ya A. Karchevskaya, Researcher, Department of Urgent Thoracoabdominal Surgery

Bolshaya Sukharevskaya pl. 3, Moscow, 129090, Russia

archevskaia@mail.ruТарабринЕ. А.ТarabrinE. A.

Тарабрин Евгений Александрович – доктор медицинских наук, руководитель отделения неотложной торакоабдоминальной хирургии 

129090, Россия, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3

Evgeniy A. Tarabrin, Doctor of Medicine, Head of the Scientifi Department of Urgent Thoracoabdominal Surgery

Bolshaya Sukharevskaya pl. 3, Moscow, 129090, Russia

t_evg_a@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4532-6437КаллаговТ. Э.KallagovT. E.

Каллагов Таймураз Эльбрусович – научный сотрудник отделения неотложной торакоабдоминальной хирургии

SPIN: 6358-5525; Author ID: 960789

129090, Россия, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3

Taymuraz E. Kallagov, Researcher, Department of Urgent Thoracoabdominal Surgery

SPIN: 6358-5525; Author ID: 960789

Bolshaya Sukharevskaya pl. 3, Moscow, 129090, Russia

kallagtamik@mail.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток имени И.И.Мечникова»РоссияI.I.Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and SeraRussian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток имени И.И.Мечникова»; Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М.Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияI.I.Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera; Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)Russian FederationГосударственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения города Москвы «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи имени Н.В.Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»РоссияN.V.Sklifosovskiy State Research Institute of Emergency Care, Moscow Healthcare DepartmentRussian Federation202202052022322239243Copyright © Полищук В.Б., Костинов М.П., Рыжов A.А., Карчевская Н.А., Тарабрин Е.А., Каллагов Т.Э., 20222022Полищук В.Б., Костинов М.П., Рыжов A.А., Карчевская Н.А., Тарабрин Е.А., Каллагов Т.Э.Polishchuk V.B., Kostinov M.P., Ryzhov A.A., Karchevskaya N.A., Тarabrin E.A., Kallagov T.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/3856

Реципиенты солидных органов представляют собой группу высокого риска по всем неблагоприятным исходам, связанным с инфекцией SARS-CoV-2 вследствие проводимого иммуносупрессивного лечения и наличия у них сопутствующих заболеваний, таких как сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, сахарный диабет, артериальная гипертензия.

Целью обзора явилась оценка безопасности и способности к формированию поствакцинального иммунного ответа вакцин против новой коронавирусной инфекции (НКИ) у реципиентов солидных органов.

Заключение. По данным анализа литературы показано, что вакцины против SARS-CoV-2 не вызывают необычных явлений в клинической картине у реципиентов солидных органов, однако у них регистрируются более низкие показатели поствакцинальных антител по сравнению с таковыми в общей популяции, особенно у лиц пожилого возраста, принимающих антиметаболиты, трансплантация у которых выполнена недавно. Для таких пациентов необходима разработка альтернативных схем иммунизации против НКИ, что может включать введение > 2 бустерных доз или комбинированную схему с использованием разных типов вакцин, а также удвоение дозы вакцины.

Solid organ recipients represent a high risk group for all adverse outcomes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection due to the immunosuppressive treatment and the presence of comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and arterial hypertension.

The aim of the study was to assess the ability of solid organ recipients to form immune response after vaccination against a new coronavirus infection and safety of the vaccines in this population.

Conclusion. An analysis of the literature and the results obtained in Russia show that vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 do not cause unusual clinical events in recipients of solid organs. Levels of post-vaccination antibodies in these patients, especially in the elderly patients shortly after transplantation who take antimetabolites, are lower than in the general population. This group of patients needs alternative immunization schemes against the new coronavirus infection, which may include more than two booster doses or a combination of different types of vaccines, as well as doubling the vaccine dose.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.