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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-3811</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диффузионная способность легких и газообмен у лиц, подвергшихся радиационному воздействию после аварии на Чернобыльской АЭС</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diffusing lung capacity and gas exchange among the people, affected by irradiation after Chernobyl atomic power station catastrophe</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чучалин</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chuchalin</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Айсанов</surname><given-names>З. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aisanov</surname><given-names>Z. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калманова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalmanova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сахарова</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saharova</surname><given-names>G. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пашкова</surname><given-names>Т. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pashkova</surname><given-names>T. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамян</surname><given-names>В. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamyan</surname><given-names>V. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>НИИ пульмонологии М3 РФ</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>1993</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>61</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чучалин А.Г., Айсанов З.Р., Калманова Е.Н., Сахарова Г.М., Пашкова Т.Л., Мамян В.З., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чучалин А.Г., Айсанов З.Р., Калманова Е.Н., Сахарова Г.М., Пашкова Т.Л., Мамян В.З.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chuchalin A.G., Aisanov Z.R., Kalmanova E.N., Saharova G.M., Pashkova T.L., Mamyan V.Z.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/3811">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/3811</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящей работе проведено исследование респираторной функции 9 мужчин в возрасте от 33 до 43 лет, участвовавших в ликвидации последствий аварии на Чернобыльской АЭС, из которых 4 страдали хроническим обструктивным бронхитом, 4 — хроническим гнойно-обструктивным бронхитом (ХГОБ), 1 — смешанной формой бронхиальной астмы (СБА).</p><p>Показано функциональное разнообразие вентиляционных нарушений в данной группе. Изолированные нарушения вентиляционной функции отмечались у 4 человек (обструкция легкой степени — у 1, обструкция средней степени — у 1, гипервоздушность легкой степени — у 1, рестрикция легкой степени — у 1). Кроме того, среди обследуемых было выявлено и три варианта сочетанных вентиляционных расстройств (комбинация различных степеней обструкции и гипервоздушности).</p><p>Результаты исследования диффузионной способности легких показали, что наиболее частым типом нарушения для них оказалось изолированное снижение так называемой «удельной диффузии» (у 6 пациентов) — отношения показателей общ ей диффузии и альвеолярной вентиляции (DLCO/Va) при нормальном уровне общ ей диффузионной способности легких.</p><p>Исследование газообмена во время теста с физической нагрузкой продемонстрировало в целом значительное снижение толерантности к физической нагрузке. У 3 пациентов максимальное потребление кислорода составило менее 50%, у 5 — 50—70% от должного. Повышение фракции мертвого пространства и вентиляционного эквивалента по кислороду свидетельствовало о неэффективности газообмена и подтверждало результаты исследования диффузионной способности легких.</p><p>Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о функциональном разнообразии респираторных расстройств у данной категории пациентов. Атипичный характер изменений диффузионной способности легких у большинства пациентов может быть обусловлен спецификой радиационного и, в частности, радионуклидного поражения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Respiratory function of 9 males at the age of 33—43 who participated in Chernobyl katastrophe consequences liquidation was studied. 4 at them suffered from chronic obstructive bronchitis, 4 — from chronic obstructive bronchitis with purulent sputum and 1 — from asthma.</p><p>Different ventilatory alterations were found in 4 cases: mild obstruction (1), moderate obstruction (1), mild hyperinflation (1), mild restriction (1). Three variants of mixed ventilatory defects were also observed in other cases: moderate obstructive defect combined with mild hyperinflation — in 2 cases, combination of moderate obstruction and hyperinflation — in 1 case and mild obstruction with moderate hyperinflation in 1 case. Diffusing lung capacity investigation showed that the most frequent type of alterations (6 cases) was an isolated decrease of DLCO/Va ratio without decrease in DLCO.</p><p>Gas exchange studies during the exercise test demonstrated a marked decrease of exercise tolerance. In 3 cases the maximal oxygen uptake was less than 50% pred., and in 5 cases this index was 50—70% pred. An increased dead space volume to the tidal volume ratio and the ventilatory equivalent for O2 demonstrated the gas exchange inefficiency and confirmed the results of DLCO measurement.</p><p>The results obtained suggest that these patients have a wide spectrum of respiratory function impairment. Atipical pattern of lung diffusing capacity disorders among the majority of patients can be explained by the nature of radionuclide lung damage.</p></trans-abstract></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жорова Е.С., Заликин Г.А., Нисимов П.Г. Гистопатология легких при инкорпорации плутония-238 // Радиобиология.— 1989.— Т.29, N 2.— С.202— 206.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Жорова Е.С., Заликин Г.А., Нисимов П.Г. Гистопатология легких при инкорпорации плутония-238 // Радиобиология.— 1989.— Т.29, N 2.— С.202— 206.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Левдик Т.И ., Калмыкова З .И ., Фетисова Л .И . и др. 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