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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2022-32-1-53-61</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-3512</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эффективность интермиттирующего режима ингаляционного илопроста при неоперабельной хронической тромбоэмболической легочной гипертензии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Efficacy of intermittent inhaled iloprost in inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3920-8234</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайсин</surname><given-names>И. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaisin</surname><given-names>I. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гайсин Ильшат Равилевич – д. м. н., профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии с курсами кардиологии и функциональной диагностики факультета повышения квалификации и профессиональной переподготовки</p><p>426034, Удмуртская Республика, Ижевск, ул. Коммунаров, 281</p><p>тел.: (3412) 68-04-56</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilshat R. Gaisin, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Department of Hospital Therapy with Courses in Cardiology and Functional Diagnostics, Faculty of Advanced Training and Professional Retraining</p><p>ul. Kommunarov 281, Izhevsk, 426034, Udmurt Republic</p><p>tel.: (3412) 68-04-56</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">igaisin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рычкова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rychkova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рычкова Любовь Вячеславовна – врач-кардиолог терапевтического отделения</p><p>426009, Удмуртская Республика, Ижевск, ул. Халтурина, 2</p><p>тел.: (3412) 68-37-77</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liubov V. Rychkova, Cardiologist, Therapy Department</p><p>ul. Khalturina 2, Izhevsk, 426009, Udmurt Republic</p><p>tel.: (3412) 68-37-77</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rychkovalubov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Газимзянова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gazimzyanova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Газимзянова Алсу Саматовна – врач-ревматолог отделения пороков сердца специализированной поликлиники</p><p>426009, Удмуртская Республика, Ижевск, ул. Ленина, 87Б</p><p>тел.: (912) 758-87-02</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alsu S. Gazimzyanova, Rheumatologist, Department оf Heart Defects, Specialized Polyclinic</p><p>ul. Lenina 87B, Izhevsk, 426009, Udmurt Republic</p><p>tel.: (912) 758-87-02</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gazim-alsu@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimov</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максимов Николай Иванович – д. м. н., заведующий кафедрой госпитальной терапии с курсами кардиологии и функциональной диагностики факультета повышения квалификации и профессиональной переподготовки</p><p>426034, Удмуртская Республика, Ижевск, ул. Коммунаров, 281</p><p>тел.: (3412) 68-53-65</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay I. Maksimov, Doctor of Medicine, Head of the Department of Hospital Therapy with Courses of Cardiology and Functional Diagnostics, Faculty of Advanced Training and Professional Retraining</p><p>ul. Kommunarov 281, Izhevsk, 426034, Udmurt Republic</p><p>ul. Lenina 87B, Izhevsk, 426009, Udmurt Republic</p><p>tel.: (3412) 68-53-65</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maxni@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Помосов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pomosov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Помосов Сергей Алексеевич – заведующий кардиологическим отделением № 1</p><p>426009, Удмуртская Республика, Ижевск, ул. Ленина, 87Б</p><p>тел.: (3412) 64-94-01</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Pomosov, Head оf Cardiology Department No.1</p><p>ul. Lenina 87B, Izhevsk, 426009, Udmurt Republic</p><p>tel.: (3412) 64-94-01</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elksergio@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайсанова</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaisanova</surname><given-names>G. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зайсанова Гузель Мансафовна – врач-кардиолог кардиологического отделения №1</p><p>426009, Удмуртская Республика, Ижевск, ул. Ленина, 87Б</p><p>тел.: (3412) 64-94-01</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Guzel M. Zaisanova, Cardiologist, Cardiology Department No.1</p><p>ul. Lenina 87B, Izhevsk, 426009, Udmurt Republic</p><p>tel.: (3412) 64-94-01</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">forgm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаева</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaeva</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николаева Наталья Борисовна – к. м. н., врач ультразвуковой диагностики отделения ультразвуковой диагностики</p><p>426009, Удмуртская Республика, Ижевск, ул. Ленина, 87Б</p><p>тел.: (3412) 37-49-58</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya B. Nikolaeva, Candidate of Medicine, Ultrasound Doctor, Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics</p><p>ul. Lenina 87B, Izhevsk, 426009, Udmurt Republic</p><p>tel.: (3412) 37-49-58</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natanika19050@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Широбокова</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shirobokova</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Широбокова Елена Геннадьевна – заведующая отделом клинической фармакологии и фармации</p><p>426009, Удмуртская Республика, Ижевск, ул. Ленина, 87Б</p><p>тел.: (3412) 37-43-90</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena G. Shirobokova, Head of Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy</p><p>ul. Lenina 87B, Izhevsk, 426009, Udmurt Republic</p><p>tel.: (3412) 37-43-90</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">klinfarmak@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Ижевская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Healthcare Ministry of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Филиал № 6 426-го военного госпиталя» Министерства обороны Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Filiatioin No.6 of the Military Hospital No.426, Ministry of Defense</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-3"><institution>Бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Удмуртской Республики «Республиканский клинико-диагностический центр» Министерства здравоохранения Удмуртской Республики</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Удмуртской Республики «Республиканский клинико-диагностический центр» Министерства здравоохранения Удмуртской Республики</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinical Diagnostic Centre, Healthcare Ministry of Udmurt Republic</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гайсин И.Р., Рычкова Л.В., Газимзянова А.С., Максимов Н.И., Помосов С.А., Зайсанова Г.М., Николаева Н.Б., Широбокова Е.Г., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гайсин И.Р., Рычкова Л.В., Газимзянова А.С., Максимов Н.И., Помосов С.А., Зайсанова Г.М., Николаева Н.Б., Широбокова Е.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gaisin I.R., Rychkova L.V., Gazimzyanova A.S., Maksimov N.I., Pomosov S.A., Zaisanova G.M., Nikolaeva N.B., Shirobokova E.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/3512">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/3512</self-uri><abstract><p>Специфическая лекарственная терапия легочной артериальной гипертензии (ЛАГ) может играть важную роль у неоперабельных пациентов с хронической тромбоэмболической (ХТЭ) легочной гипертензией (ЛГ). Число препаратов, относящихся к ЛАГ-специфической терапии и рекомендованных для лечения ХТЭ ЛГ, ограничено, поэтому является актуальным анализ длительного использования ЛАГспецифических препаратов при неоперабельной ХТЭ ЛГ. Целью работы явилась оценка эффективности и безопасности интермиттирующего режима применения ингаляционного илопроста у пациентов с неоперабельной ХТЭ ЛГ. Материалы и методы. В открытое рандомизированное контролируемое исследование включены неоперабельные пациенты с ХТЭ ЛГ (n = 22: 63,6 % – женщины; возраст – 48,3 (38,4; 59,5) года; медиана (Me) возраста – 25–75 %). ЛГ IV функционального класса (ФК) по классификации Всемирной организации здравоохранения (ВОЗ) отмечена у 9,1 % больных, III – у 72,7 %, II – у 18,2 %; дистанция при выполнении 6-минутного шагового теста (6-МШТ) составила 348 (145; 443) м; среднее давление в легочной артерии – 41,8 (29,3; 52,8) мм рт. ст.; плоскость систолической экскурсии трикуспидального кольца (ПСЭТК) – 16,3 (14,5; 18,2) мм; уровень N-концевого фрагмента предшественника мозгового натрийуретического пептида плазмы (NT-proBNP) – 853,8 (562,2; 1 124,2) пг / мл. Через 3–6 мес. после острой тромбоэмболии легочной артерии (ТЭЛА) пациенты были рандомизированы 1 : 1 в 2 группы: больные 1-й группы получали стандартную терапию антагонистами витамина К и по показаниям – кислород и диуретические препараты, 2-й – илопрост 5,0 мкг ингаляционно 4 раза в день в течение 2 нед. каждые 3 мес. в течение 2 лет в комбинации со стандартным лечением. Критериями эффективности являлись изменения дистанции при выполнении 6-МШТ, ФК по ВОЗ, эхокардиографические параметры, воспалительные маркеры, время до клинического ухудшения и летальность от всех причин. Результаты. Исходно (до начала терапии ЛГ) существенных различий между группами не отмечалось, однако наблюдалось повышение уровней С-реактивного белка и провоспалительных цитокинов – интерлейкина (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, интерферона-γ и фактора некроза опухоли-α. Через 24 мес. у больных, получавших илопрост (n = 11), средняя дистанция 6-МШТ увеличилась на 215 м (p &lt; 0,001); у пациентов контрольной группы (n = 11) – на 137 м (p &lt; 0,01), межгрупповая разница составила +78 м (p = 0,03). ФК по ВОЗ ЛГ улучшился на 2 класса у 63,6 % больных 2-й группы (илопрост) vs 0 % – у пациентов контрольной группы (p = 0,028), на 1 класс – у 36,4 % vs 30 % (p = 0,091), остался без изменений – у 0 % vs 70 % (p = 0,018) соответственно. При назначении ингаляционного илопроста отмечено увеличение времени до клинического ухудшения ЛГ (p = 0,0064). Также отмечены улучшения в сравнительной разнице динамики расчетного систолического давления в легочной артерии (–18,6 мм рт. ст.; p = 0,0065), ПСЭТК (+2,4 мм; p = 0,028) и NT-proBNP (–256,9 пг / мл; p &lt; 0,01). Уровни показателей воспаления существенно снизились у получавших илопрост и остались без изменений – в контрольной группе. Комбинированная терапия ингаляционным илопростом хорошо переносилась больными. В контрольной группе отмечен 1 летальный исход (p = 0,093). Заключение. При длительной интермиттирующей терапии ингаляционным илопростом у пациентов с ХТЭ ЛГ отмечено улучшение клинического и противовоспалительного статуса и гемодинамических показателей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>PH (pulmonary hypertension) targeted therapy may play an essential role in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) patients considered inoperable. Given the limited number of PH-targeted drugs approved for CTEPH, reliable long-term data are necessary on the effects of PH-targeted drugs in patients with inoperable CTEPH. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intermittent inhaled iloprost in inoperable CTEPH. Methods. The open randomized controlled trial included 22 inoperable CTEPH patients (aged (Me (25%; 75%)) 48,3 (38,4; 59,5) years; 63.6% females; 9.1% with WHO functional class (FC) IV, 72.7% with WHO-FC III, 18.2% with WHO-FC II; 6-minute walking test (6-MWT) distance of 348 (145; 443) m; mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) of 41.8 (29.3; 52.8) mmHg; tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) of 16.3 (14.5; 18.2) mm; plasma NT-proBNP of 853.8 (562.2; 1124.2) pg/mL). The patients were enrolled 3 – 6 months after acute pulmonary embolism and were randomized 1:1 to receive either standard therapy with vitamin K antagonists and, if indicated, oxygen and diuretics or inhaled iloprost 5.0 µg / inhalation 4 times a day for 2 weeks every 3 months for 2 years in addition to the standard of care. Efficacy endpoints included changes from baseline in 6-MWT, WHO-FC, echo-parameters, inflammatory markers, time to clinical worsening, and all-cause mortality. Results. At baseline (prior to therapy), there were no significant differences between iloprost and control groups. Levels of C-reactive protein and the interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-6, IL-8, γ-IF, and TNF-α cytokines were increased. At month 24, a mean 6-MWT distance increased by 215 m (p &lt; 0.001) in the patients receiving inhaled iloprost and by 137 m in the control patients (p &lt; 0.01). The control-adjusted difference was +78 m (p = 0.03). WHO-FC improved by two classes in 63.6% in iloprost group vs 0% in the control group (p = 0.028), by one class in 36.4% vs 30% (p = 0.091), and remained the same in 0% vs 70 % (p = 0.018), respectively. Inhaled iloprost delayed the time to clinical worsening (p = 0.0064). Improvements were noted in control-adjusted changes in ePASP (–18.6 mmHg; p = 0.0065), TAPSE (+2.4 mm; p = 0.028), and plasma NT-proBNP (–256.9 pg/mL; p &lt; 0.01). The levels of inflammation decreased significantly in the iloprost group, while remained unchanged in the control group. Combination therapy with inhaled iloprost was tolerated well. One patient died in the control group (p = 0.093). Conclusion. Long-term intermittent inhaled iloprost for patients with inoperable CTEPH may improve their clinical status, hemodynamics, and anti-inflammatory status.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая тромбоэмболическая легочная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>ингаляционный илопрост</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension</kwd><kwd>inhaled iloprost</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Konstantinides S.V., Meyer G., Becattini C. et al. 2019 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism developed in collaboration with the European Respiratory Society (ERS). Eur. Respir. J. 2019; 54 (3): 1901647. 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