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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2022-32-1-7-12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-3502</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕРЕДОВАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EDITORIAL</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эндоскопическая диагностика бронхиальных осложнений у пациентов после трансплантации легких</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Endoscopic diagnostics of bronchial complications after lung transplantation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1994-2052</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гасанов</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gasanov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гасанов Али Магомедович – к. м. н., старший научный сотрудник отделения неотложных эндоскопических исследований</p><p>129090, Россия, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p><p>тел.: (926) 266-47-46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ali M. Gasanov, Candidate of Medicine, Senior Researcher, Department of Emergency Endoscopy</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya pl. 3, Moscow, 129090</p><p>tel.: (926) 266-47-46</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">endogas@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0746-1884</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хубутия</surname><given-names>М. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khubutiya</surname><given-names>M. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хубутия Могели Шалвович – д. м. н., профессор, член-корр. Российской академии наук, президент</p><p>129090, Россия, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p><p>тел.: (495) 625-38-97</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mogeli Sh. Khubutiya, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Corresponding Member of Russian Academy of Science, President</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya pl. 3, Moscow, 129090</p><p>tel.: (495) 625-38-97</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a_h46@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарабрин</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarabrin</surname><given-names>E. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тарабрин Евгений Александрович – д. м. н., заведующий научным отделением торакальной хирургии</p><p>129090, Россия, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p><p>тел.: (916) 268-23-48</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy A. Tarabrin, Doctor of Medicine, Head of Research Department of Thoracic Surgery</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya pl. 3, Moscow, 129090</p><p>tel.: (910) 439-30-21</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t_evg_a@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6217-387X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Даниелян</surname><given-names>Ш. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danielyan</surname><given-names>Sh. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Даниелян Шаген Николаевич – д. м. н., ведущий научный сотрудник отделения неотложной торакоабдоминальной хирургии</p><p>129090, Россия, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p><p>тел.: (915) 121-11-21</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shagen N. Danielyan, Doctor of Medicine</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya pl. 3, Moscow, 129090</p><p>tel.: (915) 121-11-21</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shdanielyan@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4532-6437</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каллагов</surname><given-names>Т. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kallagov</surname><given-names>T. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каллагов Таймураз Эльбрусович – торакальный хирург, научный сотрудник отделения неотложной торакоабдоминальной хирургии</p><p>SPIN-код: 6358-5525</p><p>Author ID: 960789</p><p>129090, Россия, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p><p>тел.: (965) 336-65-42</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Taymuraz E. Kallagov, toracic surgeon, Researcher, Department of Urgent Thoracoabdominal Surgery</p><p>SPIN: 6358-5525</p><p>Author ID: 960789</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya pl. 3, Moscow, 129090</p><p>tel.: (495) 680 41-54</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kallagtamik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7838-4890</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котанджян</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotandzhyan</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Котанджян Вазген Гагикович – торакальный хирург, научный сотрудник</p><p>129090, Россия, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p><p>тел.: (916) 861-46-55</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vazgen G. Kotandzhyan, toracic surgeon, Researcher</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya pl. 3, Moscow, 129090</p><p>tel.: (916) 861-46-55</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.kotanjan@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5989-5505</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ибавов</surname><given-names>И. У.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ibavov</surname><given-names>I. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ибавов Ибрагим Уллубиевич – торакальный хирург, научный сотрудник</p><p>129090, Россия, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p><p>тел.: (926) 571-84-21</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ibragim U. Ibavov, toracic surgeon, Researcher</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya pl. 3, Moscow, 129090</p><p>tel.: (926) 571-84-21</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения города Москвы «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи имени Н.В.Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.V.Sklifosovskiy State Research Institute of Emergency Care, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гасанов А.М., Хубутия М.Ш., Тарабрин Е.А., Даниелян Ш.Н., Каллагов Т.Э., Котанджян В.Г., Ибавов И.У., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гасанов А.М., Хубутия М.Ш., Тарабрин Е.А., Даниелян Ш.Н., Каллагов Т.Э., Котанджян В.Г., Ибавов И.У.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gasanov A.M., Khubutiya M.S., Tarabrin E.А., Danielyan S.N., Kallagov T.E., Kotandzhyan V.G., Ibavov I.U.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/3502">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/3502</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время трансплантация легких (ТПЛ) является общепринятым методом лечения многочисленных заболеваний легких в терминальной стадии, не поддающихся медикаментозным или хирургическим методам коррекции. Целью исследования явилось определение частоты и характера бронхиальных осложнений у пациентов после двусторонней ТПЛ. Материалы и методы. Представлен анализ частоты развития и характер бронхиальных осложнений у лиц (n = 49) после двусторонней ТПЛ. У всех больных интраоперационно, на этапе формирования бронхиальных анастомозов и после операции выполнялась бронхоскопия (в общей сложности выполнено 775 бронхоскопий). По результатам бронхоскопии все пациенты были разделены на 2 группы: 1-ю составили лица (41 (83,7 %)), у которых наблюдались 66 клинически незначимых бронхиальных осложнений в виде ишемии слизистой бронхов I–IV степени; у лиц 2-й группы (8 (16,3 %)) установлено 10 клинически значимых бронхиальных осложнений, представленных несостоятельностью бронхиальных анастомозов, анастомотическими и неанастомотическими стенозами бронхов. Результаты. Произведен анализ периоперационных факторов доноров и реципиентов, которые могли быть связаны с развитием бронхиальных осложнений, однако из-за небольшого числа наблюдений статистически значимые различия наблюдались не по всем показателям. По данным анализа выявлена прямая зависимость частоты развития бронхиальных осложнений от длительности искусственной вентиляции легких в послеоперационном периоде. Таким образом, частота клинически значимых бронхиальных осложнений после ТПЛ составила 16,3 %. Заключение. Установлено, что при снижении частоты бронхиальных осложнений в посттрансплантационном периоде важную роль играют совершенствование хирургической тактики, своевременная диагностика признаков отторжения и инфекционных осложнений, ранняя экстубация и интраоперационное применение экстракорпоральной мембранной оксигенации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Currently, lung transplantation (LT) is a generally accepted method of treating a wide range of terminal lung diseases that are not amenable to medical or surgical methods of correction. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and nature of bronchial complications in patients after bilateral LT. Methods. This article presents an analysis of the frequency and the nature of bronchial complications in 49 patients after bilateral LT. All patients underwent bronchoscopy intraoperatively, at the stage of bronchial anastomoses formation, and after the operation. A total of 775 bronchoscopies were performed in 49 patients after lung transplantation. All patients were divided into 2 groups according to the results of bronchoscopy. The first group included 41 patients (83.7%) who had 66 clinically insignificant bronchial complications in the form of ischemia of the bronchial mucosa of I – IV degrees. The second group included 8 patients (16.3%) with 10 clinically significant bronchial complications represented by dehiscence of bronchial anastomoses, anastomotic and non-anastomotic stenoses of the bronchi. Results. Perioperative factors of donors and recipients that could be associated with the development of bronchial complications were analyzed. However, statistically significant differences were not observed for all indicators due to the small number of observations. The analysis showed a direct relationship between the incidence of bronchial complications and the duration of mechanical ventilation in the postoperative period. Conclusion. Thus, according to our experience, the incidence of clinically significant bronchial complications after LT is 16.3%. Improving surgical tactics, timely diagnosis of signs of rejection and infectious complications, early extubation and intraoperative use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation can play an important role in reducing the incidence of bronchial complications in the post-transplant period.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансплантация легких</kwd><kwd>бронхиальные осложнения</kwd><kwd>донор</kwd><kwd>реципиент</kwd><kwd>легочной трансплантат</kwd><kwd>бронхоскопия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lung transplantation</kwd><kwd>lung donor</kwd><kwd>pulmonary transplant</kwd><kwd>bronchial complications</kwd><kwd>bronchoscopy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goldfarb S.B., Hayes D. Jr, Levvey B.J. et al. 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