pulmoПульмонологияPULMONOLOGIYA0869-01892541-9617Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC10.18093/0869-0189-2022-3108pulmo-3108Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWКлеточный метаболизм и дисфункция митохондрий при хронической обструктивной болезни легкихCellular metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseasehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0117-0349НевзороваВ. А.NevzorovaV. A.

Невзорова Вера Афанасьевна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор Института терапии и инструментальной диагностики Тихоокеанский ГМУ, главный внештатный специалист по терапии Дальневосточного федерального округа.

690002, Владивосток, пр-т Острякова, 2; тел.: (423) 240-23-63

Vera A. Nevzorova - Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Director, Institute of Therapy and Instrumental Diagnostics, Pacific SMU, Chief External Therapeutist, Far Eastern Federal District.

pr. Ostryakova 2, Vladivostok, 690002; tel.: (423) 240-23-63

nevzorova@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9836-6339БродскаяТ. А.BrodskayaT. A.

Бродская Татьяна Александровна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор Института терапии и инструментальной диагностики.

690002, Владивосток, пр-т Острякова, 2; тел.: (423) 45-26-38

Tat’yana A. Brodskaya - Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Institute of Therapy and Instrumental Diagnostics.

pr. Ostryakova 2, Vladivostok, 690002; tel.: (423) 45-26-38

brodskaya@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8701-7213ПлеховаН. Г.PlekhovaN. G.

Плехова Наталья Геннадьевна – доктор биологических наук, заведующая Центральной научно-исследовательской лабораторией.

690002, Владивосток, пр-т Острякова, 2; тел.: (423) 240-23-63

Natal’ya G. Plekhova - Doctor of Biology, Head of the Central Research Laboratory.

pr. Ostryakova 2, Vladivostok, 690002; tel.: (423) 240-23-63

pl_nat@hotmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3946-2064ПрисекоЛ. Г.PrisekoL. G.

Присеко Людмила Григорьевна – аспирант, ассистент Института терапии и инструментальной диагностики.

690002, Владивосток, пр-т Острякова, 2; тел.: (423) 45-26-38

Lyudmila G. Priseko - Postgraduate student, Assistant, Institute of Therapy and Instrumental Diagnostics.

pr. Ostryakova 2, Vladivostok, 690002; tel.: (423) 45-26-38

ludmilka.95.95@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7231-3001ЕвстифееваА. А.EvstifeevaA. A.

Евстифеева Анастасия Алексеевна – врач-пульмонолог пульмонологического отделения.

690078, Приморский край, Владивосток, ул. Садовая, 22; тел.: (423) 245-28-36

Anastasiya A. Evstifeeva - Pulmonologist, Pulmonology Department.

ul. Sadovaya 22, Vladivostok, 690078; tel.: (423) 245-28-36

evstifeevaanastasiya@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8602-0691БагироваА. Э.BagirovaA. E.

Багирова Айнура Эльчин кызы – врач-кардиолог отделения неотложной кардиологии.

690078, Приморский край, Владивосток, ул. Садовая, 22; тел.: (423) 245-28-36

Aynura E. Bagirova - Cardiologist, Department of Emergency Cardiology.

ul. Sadovaya 22, Vladivostok, 690078; tel.: (423) 245-28-36

bagira.nura@mail.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Тихоокеанский государственный медицинский университет, Министерство здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияFederal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Pacific State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian FederationКраевое государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Владивостокская клиническая больница № 1РоссияRegional State Budgetary Healthcare Institution Vladivostok Clinical Hospital No.1Russian Federation2023110220233318491Copyright © Невзорова В.А., Бродская Т.А., Плехова Н.Г., Присеко Л.Г., Евстифеева А.А., Багирова А.Э., 20232023Невзорова В.А., Бродская Т.А., Плехова Н.Г., Присеко Л.Г., Евстифеева А.А., Багирова А.Э.Nevzorova V.A., Brodskaya T.A., Plekhova N.G., Priseko L.G., Evstifeeva A.A., Bagirova A.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/3108

Хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких (ХОБЛ) в силу многообразия и системности проявлений рассматривается в качестве типичной модели ускоренного старения. К ведущему фактору тканевого ремоделирования при ХОБЛ относятся изменение клеточного метаболизма или его перепрограммирование в ответ на воздействие таких внешних факторов, как продукты сгорания табака, биотопливо, вирусы и др. Среди многообразия механизмов тканевого и клеточного перепрограммирования при ХОБЛ доминирующую позицию занимают вопросы митоходриальной биологии. Являясь парасимбиотическими органеллами, митохондрии имеют сложную систему взаимодействия с клетками целостного организма и участвуют в процессах как биогенеза, или образования новых органелл, так и митофагии, или удаления клеткой-хозяином дефектных митохондрий. При ХОБЛ происходит дизрегуляция обоих этих механизмов.

Целью обзора явилось объединение накопленного научно-исследовательского опыта в области изучения клеточного метаболизма и роли митохондрий для углубленного фенотипирования ХОБЛ в зависимости от вариантов метаболического перепрограммирования и создания новых терапевтических возможностей для их коррекции.

Заключение. Митохондрии являются ключевыми регуляторами метаболизма, окислительно-восстановительного гомеостаза, выживания и пролиферации клеток. Указанные процессы, контролируемые разнообразными путями внутри- и межклеточного сигналинга, демонстрируют дисбаланс при ХОБЛ на уровне различных тканевых дифферонов: альвеолоцитов, эпителиальных клеток легочной ткани, гладких миоцитов дыхательных путей, альвеолярных макрофагов, поперечнополосатой мускулатуры, мезенхимальных стромальных клеток, прогениторных клеток и пр. Результаты, полученные при изучении метаболома и митохондриальной функции, формируют идеи для поиска новых терапевтических возможностей в терапии ХОБЛ.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is considered a typical model of accelerated aging due to the variability and systemic nature of its manifestations. The leading factor in tissue remodeling in COPD is a change or reprogramming of the cellular metabolism in response to external factors such as tobacco combustion products, biofuels, viruses, etc. Mitochondrial biology dominates the spectrum of mechanisms of tissue and cellular reprogramming in COPD. Being parasymbiotic organelles, mitochondria have a complex system of interaction with other cells of the human body and participate in both biogenesis, or formation of new organelles, and mitophagy, or elimination of defective mitochondria by the host cell. Both of these mechanisms are dysregulated in COPD.

The aim of this work is to combine the accumulated research experience in the field of cellular metabolism and the role of mitochondria for in-depth COPD phenotyping depending on the metabolic reprogramming variants and for development of new therapeutic possibilities to correct the reprogramming.

Conclusion. Mitochondria are key regulators of metabolism, redox homeostasis, cell survival and proliferation. These processes are controlled by various intra- and intercellular signaling pathways and reflect the COPD-associated imbalance at the level of various tissue lineages: alveolocytes, epithelial cells of the lung tissue, smooth myocytes of the respiratory tract, alveolar macrophages, striated muscle cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, progenitor cells, etc. The studies of metabolome and mitochondrial function pointed out where to look for new therapeutic options for COPD.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.