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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-2695</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Загрязнение атмосферного воздуха и болезни органов дыхания у населения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Atmospheric air pollution and respiratory diseases in population</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Биличенко</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bilichenko</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чигирева</surname><given-names>Э. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chigireva</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефименко</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efimenko</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минаева</surname><given-names>Л. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minaeva</surname><given-names>L. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипов</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osipov</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии Минздрава РФ;&#13;
Центр госсанэпиднадзора в Центральном административном округе Москвы;&#13;
Московский центр по гидрометеорологии и мониторингу окружающей среды</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2003</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Биличенко Т.Н., Чигирева Э.И., Ефименко Н.В., Минаева Л.Г., Осипов Ю.С., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Биличенко Т.Н., Чигирева Э.И., Ефименко Н.В., Минаева Л.Г., Осипов Ю.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bilichenko T.N., Chigireva E.I., Efimenko N.V., Minaeva L.G., Osipov Y.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/2695">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/2695</self-uri><abstract><p>Изучено влияние длительного загрязнения атмосферного воздуха на показатели здоровья населения Центрального административного округа (ЦАО) Москвы за период с 1992 по 1999 г.Проведен ретроспективный анализ данных мониторинга атмосферного воздуха и показателей распространенности болезней органов дыхания и смертности от этой группы болезней. Установлено, что на протяжении указанного периода наблюдения ведущими загрязнителями атмосферного воздуха на территории округа являлись окись азота (фактор 1), двуокись азота (фактор 2), фенол (фактор 3) и взвешенные частицы (фактор 4).Повышение среднегодовой концентрации (СгК) двуокиси азота способствовало увеличению распространенности хронических болезней миндалин у взрослых, хронического фарингита (ХФ) у подростков и взрослых, аллергического ринита (АР) у детей и взрослых и бронхиальной астмы (БА) у подростков и взрослых, а также смертности женщин от хронического бронхита.СгК двуокиси азота имели прямую корреляцию с увеличением числа детей, страдающих ХФ, и смертностью мужчин от хронического бронхита.СгК фенола и распространенность АР у подростков имели прямую связь, а заболеваемость пневмонией во всех возрастных группах населения — обратную зависимость.Повышение СгК взвешенных частиц в атмосферном воздухе было прямо связано с увеличением числа детей, страдающих ХФ.Проведенное исследование позволяет сделать заключение, что при оценке степени загрязнения атмосферного воздуха следует принимать во внимание чувствительность как детского, так и взрослого населения. Анализ кривой экспоненциального роста позволил определить, что увеличение распространенности болезней органов дыхания отмечается при превышении СгК загрязнителей атмосферного воздуха определенных уровней. Дальнейшее накопление данных позволит уточнить эти пороговые значения для последующего определения допустимых СгК загрязнителей атмосферного воздуха.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>An influence of long-term atmospheric air pollution on health status in population of the Moscow Central district (CD) was studied in 1992-1999. A retrospective analysis of air condition monitoring data, respiratory diseases spread and mortality of them was performed. The leading air pollutants at the district during that period were nitric oxide, nitric dioxide, phenol and suspended particles.An increase in the average annual concentration (AAC) of nitric oxide promoted a spread extension of chronic tonsil diseases in adults, chronic pharyngitis in adolescents and adults, allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma in children and adults, and women's mortality of chronic bronchitis as well.The AAC of nitric dioxide correlated directly with a growth of number of children with chronic pharyngitis and men's mortality of chronic bronchitis.The AAC of phenol correlated directly with the spread of allergic rhinitis in adolescents and correlated inversely with morbidity of pneumonia in all age groups.An increase in the AAC of suspended particles at the atmospheric air was directly associated with the growing number of children suffering from the chronic pharyngitis.The study performed permits to conclude that the evaluation of the atmospheric air pollution should take into account a sensitivity of adults and children. The analysis of curve of exponential growth showed that the growth of respiratory diseases spread takes place if the AACs of the air pollutants exceeded certain levels. The further data accumulation will allow to define these threshold values to following detection the permissible AACs of atmospheric air pollutants.</p></trans-abstract></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Биличенко Т.Н. Распространенность хронического бронхита и других респираторных нарушений среди взрослого населения, их диагностическое и прогностическое значение: Автореф. дис. ... канд. мед. наук. М.; 1992.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Биличенко Т.Н. Распространенность хронического бронхита и других респираторных нарушений среди взрослого населения, их диагностическое и прогностическое значение: Автореф. дис. ... канд. мед. наук. 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