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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-2584</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние дексаметазона на ацетилхолиновые и гистаминовые реакции гладкой мышцы трахеи и бронхов крысы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of dexamethasone on acetylcholine and histamine response of smooth muscles of rat trachea and bronchi</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нур</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nur</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кривченко</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krivchenko</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сурков</surname><given-names>К. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Surkov</surname><given-names>K. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Институт эволюционной физиологии и биохимии им. И.М.Сеченова РАН</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>ЗАО "АСГЛ — Исследовательские лаборатории"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2003</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Федин А.Н., Нур М.М., Кривченко А.И., Сурков К.Г., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Федин А.Н., Нур М.М., Кривченко А.И., Сурков К.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fedin A.N., Nur M.M., Krivchenko A.I., Surkov K.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/2584">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/2584</self-uri><abstract><p>Изучали влияние дексаметазона на изолированные препараты трахеи и крупных бронхов крысы при его кратковременном применении. Показано, что дексаметазон в концентрации 10-7— 10-5 г/мл не изменял базального тонуса и величины сокращений мышцы, вызванных экзогенным ацетилхолином или гистамином, но снижал мышечные ответы, вызванные стимуляцией электрическим полем нервных волокон или гладкомышечных клеток. Наибольшее снижение ответов (до 76,0±4,7%) наблюдалось при стимуляции преганглионарных нервных волокон. Концентрация, равная 10-6 г/мл дексаметазона, уменьшала ответы мышцы, вызванные стимуляцией нервных волокон. Наибольшие изменения наблюдались при стимуляции преганглионарных нервных волокон и составляли на фоне 10 - 5 г/мл ацетилхолина 29,8±4,7% и на фоне 10-6 г/мл гистамина 64,0±12,1%. Ганглиоблокатор полностью снимал эффект дексаметазона при стимуляции нервных волокон на фоне ацетилхолина. На фоне гистамина ганглиоблокатор не влиял на эффект дексаметазона при стимуляции преганглионарных нервных волокон и снижал с 75,3±6,9 до 38,8±8,6% ответы, вызванные стимуляцией постганглионарных нервных волокон. Атропин полностью снимал действие дексаметазона на данный препарат при обоих видах стимуляции на фоне аппликации ацетилхолина или гистамина. Заключили, что снятие бронхоспазма при кратковременной аппликации дексаметазона происходит не за счет действия его непосредственно на гладкомышечные клетки, а в результате взаимодействия с трахеобронхиальными рецепторами, расположенными в эпителии. Пути реализации этого действия на фоне экзогенных ацетилхолина и гистамина осуществляются по разным местным рефлекторным дугам.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We searched dexamethasone influence on isolates of rat trachea and large bronchi under its short-term application. Dexamethasone 10-7 —10- 5 g/ml did not change the exogenous acetylcholine-induced or histamineinduced smooth muscle basal tonus and contractility, but it decreased muscle responses to electric stimulation of nerve fibers and smooth muscle cells. The most response reduction (up to 76.0±4.7%) was noted under the stimulation of pre-ganglionar nerve fibers. The dexamethasone concentration of 10-6 g/ml reduced the muscle responses caused by stimulation of the nerve fibers. The greatest changes were observed under the stimulation of the pre-ganglionar nerve fibers: 29.8±4.7% for 10-5 g/ml of acetylcholine and 64.0±12.1% for 10-6 g/ml of histamine. A gangliobloker entirely removed the dexamethasone effect under the acetylcholine-induced stimulation of the nerve fibers. It did not influence the dexamethasone effect under the histamine-induced stimulation of the pre-ganglionar nerve fibers and decreased the reactions caused by the stimulation of the post-ganglionar nerve fibers from 75.3±6.9% to 38.8±8.6%. Atropine wholly inhibited the dexamethasone influence on the drug under both types of the stimulation with acethylcholine or histamine application. We concluded that the elimination of bronchospasm resulted from the short-term application of dexamethasone is due not to its direct effect on the smooth muscle cells but to its interaction with the epithelial tracheobronchial receptors. This reaction is realised with different nervous ways under the exogenous acethycholine or histamine.</p></trans-abstract></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федин А.Н., Алиева Е.В., Ноздрачев А.Д. Реакции гладкой мышцы трахеи на гистамин. Рос. физиол. журн. 1997; 83 (7): 102-108.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Федин А.Н., Алиева Е.В., Ноздрачев А.Д. Реакции гладкой мышцы трахеи на гистамин. Рос. физиол. журн. 1997; 83 (7): 102-108.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федин А.Н. 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