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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2021-31-3-375-382</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-2374</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗАМЕТКИ ИЗ ПРАКТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRACTICAL NOTES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Кашель в постковидный период: клинические наблюдения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cough in the post COVID period: clinical examples</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фесенко</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fesenko</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фесенко Оксана Вадимовна – д. м. н., профессор кафедры пульмонологии</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2 / 1, стр. 1тел.: (499) 728-83-69</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oxana V. Fesenko, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Pulmonology Department</p><p>ul. Barrikadnaya 2/1, Moscow, 123995tel.: (499) 728-83-69</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ofessenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение дополнительного профессионального образования «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education “Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>375</fpage><lpage>382</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фесенко О.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фесенко О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fesenko O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/2374">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/2374</self-uri><abstract><p>Среди обширных проявлений постковидного синдрома нередко встречается кашель. Большинство исследователей трактуют его характер как постинфекционный. У части больных постинфекционный кашель приобретает продуктивный характер и для эффективного лечения требуется комбинированная мукоактивная терапия. Также с начала пандемии в литературе накопилось достаточно клинических наблюдений спонтанного пневмоторакса. Риск этого осложнения присутствует даже у пациентов, не отягощенных хроническими заболеваниями легких, а также при самостоятельном дыхании. Изучение механизмов развития спонтанного пневмоторакса при COVID-19 необходимо для разработки дальнейших терапевтических и профилактических мероприятий. Тракционные бронхоэктазы встречаются в 27−52,5 % случаев новой коронавирусной инфекции (НКИ). Изменение структуры бронхов предрасполагает к хроническому кашлю и рецидивирующим инфекциям. Респираторная вирусная инфекция в прошлом рассматривалась в качестве триггера бронхиальной астмы (БА), однако в отношении НКИ существуют разногласия, при этом благодаря особому профилю воспаления, который предохраняет больных БА от НКИ, БА рассматривается в качестве защитного фактора при COVID-19. У некоторых больных, перенесших COVID-19, кашель обусловлен гипервентиляционным синдромом, для объяснения которого предложена гипотеза о нарушении дыхательного контроля. В работе представлены клинические наблюдения, иллюстрирующие широкий круг патологических состояний, сопровождающихся кашлем. Обсуждаются возможные взаимосвязи кашля с перенесенной НКИ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Among the extensive list of manifestations of post COVID syndrome, cough is often found. Most researchers interpret its character as post infection. In some patients, post infection cough becomes productive, and combined mucoactive therapy is required for effective treatment. Since the onset of the pandemic, clinical descriptions of spontaneous pneumothorax have accumulated in the literature. The risk of this complication is present even in patients who are not burdened with chronic lung diseases, as well as those who are breathing spontaneously. The study of the mechanisms of development of spontaneous pneumothorax in COVID-19 is necessary for the development of further therapeutic and preventive measures. Traction bronchiectasis occurs in 27 – 52.5% of cases of new coronavirus infection. Changes in the structure of the bronchi predispose to chronic cough and recurrent infections. Respiratory viral infection has been considered in the past as a trigger for bronchial asthma. There is controversy over the new coronavirus. Asthma has been suggested as a protective factor in COVID-19, due to the specific inflammation profile that protects patients. In some patients who have had COVID-19, the cough is due to hyperventilation syndrome. To explain it, a hypothesis of impaired respiratory control was proposed. The paper presents clinical examples illustrating a wide range of pathological conditions accompanied by cough. Possible relationships between cough and previous coronavirus infection are discussed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>постковидный синдром</kwd><kwd>кашель</kwd><kwd>пневмоторакс</kwd><kwd>бронхоэктазы</kwd><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>гипервентиляционный синдром</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>post COVID syndrome</kwd><kwd>cough</kwd><kwd>pneumothorax</kwd><kwd>bronchiectasis</kwd><kwd>asthma</kwd><kwd>hyperventilation syndrome</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена при финансовой поддержке компании «Гленмарк».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared with the financial support of the company “Glenmark”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Greenhalgh T., Knight M., A’Court C. et al. 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