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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2007-0-6-43-48</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-2001</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эффективность обучения больных ХОБЛ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Efficacy of education of COPD patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенюк</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenyuk</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белевский</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belevsky</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мещерякова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Meshcheryakova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>ФГУ НИИ пульмонологии Росздрава</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2007</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2007</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Семенюк С.А., Белевский А.С., Мещерякова Н.Н., 2007</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2007</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Семенюк С.А., Белевский А.С., Мещерякова Н.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Semenyuk S.A., Belevsky A.S., Meshcheryakova N.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/2001">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/2001</self-uri><abstract><p>Нами проведено рандомизированное контролируемое исследование по оценке эффективности обучения больных ХОБЛ. Основной критерий включения — наличие стабильной ХОБЛ (GOLD 2003). Была разработана оригинальная образовательная программа для обучения больных основным навыкам самоконтроля и самоведения. Преподавание велось по индивидуальной методике, в небольших группах (3-4 человека), в сочетании с физической реабилитацией и без нее. В исследование было включено 89 больных ХОБЛ. 75 больных были подразделены на 4 подгруппы в зависимости от методики обучения, и 14 пациентов, не прошедших обучение и физическую реабилитацию, составили контрольную группу. Эффективность предложенной образовательной программы была подтверждена с помощью теста контроля уровня базисных знаний о болезни. Влияние на течение заболевания изучалось по количеству госпитализаций, обострений, вызовов с удовольствием скорой помощи в течение года. Проводилось мониторирование ФВД (ФЖЕЛ, ОФВ1), уровня диспноэ и толерантности к физической нагрузке. Изучение влияние процесса обучения на качество жизни проводилось с помощью общего вопросника SF-36 и специализированного вопросника SGRQ. Обучение больных ХОБЛ снижает количество вызовов скорой помощи в течение последующего года. Обучающий процесс не оказывает влияния на количество обострений, но изменяет структуру обострений в пользу более легких. Обучение не воздействует на количество госпитализаций в течение года, функциональные показатели, толерантность к физической нагрузке и уровень одышки. Обучение больных ХОБЛ повышает как общее, так и специфическое качество жизни, в основном, за счет эмоционального компонента. У пациентов, прошедших курс физической реабилитации повысилась толерантность к физической нагрузке и уменьшилась одышка. Обучающий процесс улучшает качество жизни больных, в основном, за счет эмоциональной сферы. Обучение больных ХОБЛ является необходимой частью лечебного процесса. Наиболее эффективно индивидуальное обучение в сочетании с физической реабилитацией. Положительный эффект процесса обучения сохраняется в течение ограниченного времени.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This randomized controlled trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy of education of patients with COPD. The principal inclusive criterion was the confirmed stable COPD (GOLD, 2003). We had created an original program of self-efficacy and self-management of COPD patients, which was used in this trial. The education was performed individually or at small groups (3-4 persons) with or without pulmonary rehabilitation. Eighty nine patients were involved in the trial, of them 75 patients were divided into 4 groups according to educating methods and 14 patients not drawn in the educational or rehabilitation programs were included in the control group. The efficacy of this educational program was investigated with a control test of the patients' basic information about the disease. Other parameters evaluated were hospital admission rate, exacerbation rate, need for the emergency care, pulmonary function, 6-min walking distance, dyspnea severity. A health-related quality of life was measured by the SF-36 questionnaire and the St. George's hospital Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). The education of COPD patients reduced the need for the emergency care during the consequent year. It did not change number of hospital admissions and the total number of exacerbations, but increased the rate of mild exacerbations. The educational program alone did not affect pulmonary function (FVC, FEV1), physical tolerability and dyspnoe but improved the health-related quality of life mainly due to the emotional part. Combination of educational and rehabilitation programs improved physical performance and shortness of breath. We concluded that education should be the essential part of management of patients with COPD. The most effective mode was individual education along with pulmonary rehabilitation but its positive effects were kept up for short time.</p></trans-abstract></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Глобальная стратегия диагностики, лечения и профилактики хронической обструктивной болезни легких: Пер. с англ. под ред. А.Г. Чучалина. М.: Изд-во "Атмосфера"; 2003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Глобальная стратегия диагностики, лечения и профилактики хронической обструктивной болезни легких: Пер. с англ. под ред. А.Г. Чучалина. М.: Изд-во "Атмосфера"; 2003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. National Institute of Health; National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. 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