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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2021-31-4-469-476</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-1749</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Какой бронходилататор выбрать, если пациент с хронической обструктивной болезнью легких продолжает курить?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Which bronchodilator to choose if a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease continues to smoke?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2639-0003</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Купаев</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kupaev</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Купаев Виталий Иванович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой семейной медицины Института профессионального образования</p><p>443099, Самара, ул. Чапаевская, 89 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vitalii I. Kupaev, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Head of the Department of family medicine, Institute of Professional Education</p><p>ul. Chapaevskaya 89, Samara, 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vk1964sam@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0847-7922</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osipov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Осипов Дмитрий Александрович – аспирант кафедры семейной медицины Института профессионального образования</p><p>443099, Самара, ул. Чапаевская, 89 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy A. Osipov, Postgraduate student, Department of Family Medicine, Institute of Professional Education</p><p>ul. Chapaevskaya 89, Samara, 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmitriylapka@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education ‘‘Samara State Medical University’’ of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>469</fpage><lpage>476</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Купаев В.И., Осипов Д.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Купаев В.И., Осипов Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kupaev V.I., Osipov D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/1749">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/1749</self-uri><abstract><p>По данным большей части публикаций, касающихся терапии хронической обструктивной болезни легких (ХОБЛ), курящие пациенты в отдельную группу не выделяются, хотя 30–43 % больных не способны отказаться от курения, несмотря на диагноз и ухудшение состояния. Целью данного исследования явился сравнительный анализ эффективности применения длительно действующих антихолинергических препаратов (ДДАХП) и длительно действующих β2 -агонистов (ДДБА) у курящих пациентов.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследовании приняли участие пациенты (n = 121) c выявленной никотиновой зависимостью высокой степени и необратимой бронхообструкцией, получавшие бронходилатационную терапию. Респонденты были разделены на 2 группы – прекратившие и продолжающие курить. В свою очередь, пациенты, составившие каждую из групп, распределены на 2 подгруппы в зависимости от принимаемого препарата – ДДАХП (тиотропия бромид (ТИО) 5 мкг и гликопиррония бромид (ГЛИ) 50 мкг) и ДДАХП / ДДБА (ТИО / олодатерол (ОЛО) 5 / 5 мкг и ГЛИ / индакатерол (ИНД) 50 / 110 мкг). Оценивались изменения показателя объема форсированного выдоха за 1-ю секунду и его динамика при помощи теста оценки симптомов ХОБЛ (COPD Assessment Test – CAT).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При определении динамики CAT и спирометрии показана тенденция к улучшению в обеих группах вне зависимости от схемы лечения. Однако редукция симптомов и улучшение спирометрических показателей были более выражены в группе пациентов, прекративших курить (–1 и –11 балла; p &lt; 0,05 и 12 и 23 % соответственно; p &lt; 0,05). При сравнении эффективности различных схем лечения в группе курящих статически значимого различия между ДДАХП и ДДАХП / ДДБА ни по спирометрическим показателям (11,45 и 13,1 %; p &lt; 0,05), ни по данным CAT (–1,5 и –1,67; p &lt; 0,05) не выявлено. Однако отмечено, что у лиц, прекративших курить, комбинированная терапия (ДДАХП / ДДБА) оказалась эффективнее монотерапии ДДАХП как по спирометрическим показателям (25,5 и 13 %; p &lt; 0,05), так и по данным CAT (–12,3 и –5,9 соответственно; p &lt; 0,05). Статистически значимой разницы между действующими веществами как при монотерапии (ТИО / ГЛИ), так и при назначении комбинированных препаратов (ТИО / ОЛО и ГЛИ / ИНД) не выявлено.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. По данным CAT и спирометрии, разницы между эффективностью при приеме ТИО и ГЛИ, так же, как между фиксированными комбинациями ТИО / ОЛО и ГЛИ / ИНД (как в группе курящих, так и в группе некурящих) не отмечено. Таким образом, установлено, что для улучшения функции внешнего дыхания и показателей CAT ключевое значение имеет отказ от курения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>From 30 to 43% of smoking patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) cannot give up nicotine despite the diagnosis and deterioration of health. Most of the publications related to the treatment of COPD do not distinguish smoking patients into a separate group. The aim of this study is a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA), LAMA/long-acting β2 -agonists (LABA) in smoking patients.</p><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The study involved 121 patients with a high degree of nicotine addiction and irreversible bronchial obstruction. All the patients continued to receive bronchodilator therapy. The respondents were divided into two groups: patients who quit smoking and patients who continued to smoke. In turn, each group was divided into two subgroups depending on the treatment – LAMA (Tiotropium 5 μg and Glycopyrronium 50 μg) and LAMA/LABA (tiotropium/olodaterol 5/5 μg and glycopyrronium/idacaterol 50/110 μg). We used the changes of FEV1 and the dynamics of CAT (COPD Assessment Test) as the comparison criteria.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The results of the CAT and spirometry showed a tendency to improve in both groups, regardless of the treatment regimen. However, the improvement in symptoms and spirometry parameters were more pronounced in the group of patients who quit smoking: –1 and –11 points, respectively (p &lt; 0.05) and 12 and 23%, respectively (p &lt; 0.05). Comparison of the efficacy of various treatment regimens in the group of smoking patients showed there was no statistically significant difference between LAMA and LAMA/LABA neither in spirometry parameters (11.45 and 13.1%; p &lt; 0.05), nor in the CAT scores (–1.5 and –1.67; p &lt; 0.05). However, combination therapy (LAMA/LABA) was more effective than monotherapy (LAMA) in the group of patients who quit smoking both according to spirometry (25.5 and 13%, respectively; p &lt; 0.05) and CAT (–12.3 and –5.9, respectively; p &lt; 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the active substances both in the monotherapy group (tiotropium/glycopyrronium) and in the combination group (tiotropium/olodaterol and glycopyrronium/indacaterol).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. According to CAT and spirometry, there was no difference between tiotropium and glycopyrronium, nor was there a difference between fixed-dose combinations of tiotropium/olodaterol and glycopyrronium/ indacaterol (both in the group of smokers and in the group of non-smokers). Smoking cessation is key to improving both spirometry and CAT results.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких</kwd><kwd>никотиновая зависимость</kwd><kwd>длительно действующие антихолинергические препараты</kwd><kwd>длительно действующие антихолинергические препараты / длительно действующие β2 -агонисты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</kwd><kwd>nicotine addiction</kwd><kwd>long-acting muscarinic antagonists</kwd><kwd>long-acting muscarinic antagonists/ long-acting β2 -agonists</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО СамГМУ Минздрава России</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">GATS. Russian Federation. Global Adult Tobacco Survey: Executive Summary 2016. 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