<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2020-30-2-245-251</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-1350</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ФАРМАКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможности диагностики и лечения больных ХОБЛ в рамках реальной клинической практики. Подходы к терапии пациентов с различными фенотипами по GOLD (2019): материалы Совета экспертов Сибирского федерального округа, Читы и Бурятии от 15.03.19</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnostic and treatment options for patients with COPD as part of real clinical practice. Approaches to the treatment of patients with various phenotypes according to GOLD (2019): materials of the Council of Experts of the Siberian Federal District, Chita and Buryatia, dated 03.15.19</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой внутренних болезней № 2 с курсом постдипломного образования, 660022, Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1;</p><p>заведующая легочно-аллергологическим центром, 660022, Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 3А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Head of Department of Internal Medicine No.2 and Postgraduate Physician Training Course, ul. Partizana Zheleznyaka 1, Krasnoyarsk, 660022;</p><p>Head of Pulmonology and Allergology Center, ul. Partizana Zheleznyaka 3A, Krasnoyarsk, 660022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">demko64@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куделя</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudelya</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор кафедры внутренних болезней им. академика Л.Д.Сидоровой, руководитель Областного пульмонологического центра,</p><p>630087, Новосибирск, ул. Немировича-Данченко, 130 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medicine, professor, L.D.Sidorova Department of Internal Medicine, Head of the Regional Pulmonary Center, </p><p>ul. Nemirovicha-Danchenko 130, Novosibirsk, 630087</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oxy80@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Собко</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sobko</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор кафедры внутренних болезней № 2 с курсом постдипломного образования, 660022, Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1;</p><p>заведующая отделением аллергологии, 660022, Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 3А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medicine, professor, Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine No.2 and Postgraduate Physician Training Course, ul. Partizana Zheleznyaka 1, Krasnoyarsk, 660022;</p><p>Head of the Department of Allergology, ul. Partizana Zheleznyaka 3A, Krasnoyarsk, 660022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sobko29@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solov'eva</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., доцент кафедры внутренних болезней № 2 с курсом постдипломного образования;</p><p>врач-пульмонолог, 660022, Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 3А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medicine, Assistant Lecturer, Department of Internal Medicine No.2 and Postgraduate Physician Training Course, ul. Partizana Zheleznyaka 1, Krasnoyarsk, 660022;</p><p>ul. Partizana Zheleznyaka 3A, Krasnoyarsk, 660022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">solovieva.irina@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трофименко</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trofimenko</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., доцент кафедры клинической аллергологии и пульмонологии,</p><p>664079, Иркутск, мкр Юбилейный, 100</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medicine, Associate Professor, Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Medicine, </p><p>mkr Yubilejnyy 100, Irkutsk, 664079</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tin11@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тетенева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tetenevа</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, </p><p> 634050, Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medicine, Associate Professor, Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases,</p><p>Moskovskiy tract 2, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anna.dubodelova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гребенюк</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grebenyuk</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующая пульмонологическим отделением,</p><p>656045, Барнаул, Змеиногорский тракт, 75</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chief of the Respiratory Division,</p><p>Zmeinogorskiy trakt 75, Barnaul, 656045</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gb5_barnaul@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ганюкова</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ganyukova</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., главный областной специалист пульмонолог, врач пульмонологического отделения,</p><p>650061, Кемерово, пр. Октябрьский, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medicine, Regional Chief Pulmonologist, Pulmonology Department Physician,</p><p>pr. Oktyabr'skiy 22, Kemerovo, 650061</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gs-pulmo@kuzdrav.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гыргешкинова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gyrgeshkinova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующая пульмонологическим отделением,</p><p>670031, Республика Бурятия, Улан-Удэ, ул. Павлова, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chief of the Respiratory Division, </p><p>ul. Pavlova 12, Ulan-Ude, 670031, Buryatiya Republic</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rkbsemashko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукьянов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Luk'yanov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней,</p><p>672000, Забайкальский край, Чита, ул. Горького, 39А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medicine, Associate Professor, Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Medicine,</p><p>ul. Gor'kogo 39A, Chita, 672090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lukyanov-sergei@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мандаржап</surname><given-names>Ч. Ч.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mandarzhap</surname><given-names>Ch. Ch.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-пульмонолог,</p><p>667003, Кызыл, ул. Оюна Курседи, 163</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pulmonologist, </p><p>ul. Oyuna Kursedi 163, Tyva Republic, Kyzyl, 667003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">choduraasat0177@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мещерякова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Meshcheryakova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-пульмонолог, заведующая пульмонологическим отделением,</p><p>654057, Новокузнецк, пр. Бардина, 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chief of the Respiratory Division, Рulmonologist, </p><p>Kemerovo Region, pr. Bardina 28, Kemerovo Region, Novokuznetsk, 654057</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nkz-gkb1@kuzdrav.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-10"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В.Ф.Войно-Ясенецкого» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации;&#13;
Краевое государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения «Краевая клиническая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.F.Voyno-Yasenetskiy Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Healthcare Ministry of Russia;&#13;
Krasnoyarsk State Territorial Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации;&#13;
Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Новосибирской области «Государственная Новосибирская областная клиническая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Иркутская государственная медицинская академия последипломного образования – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения дополнительного профессионального образования «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education – Branch Campus of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education "Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education" of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Сибирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Medical University, Healthcare Ministry of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Краевое государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения «Городская больница № 5, г. Барнаул»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Barnaul Regional City Hospital No.5</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное автономное учреждение здравоохранения Кемеровской области «Кемеровская областная клиническая больница имени С.В.Беляева»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.V.Belyaev State Regional Clinical Hospital of the Kemerovo Region</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное автономное учреждение здравоохранения «Республиканская клиническая больница имени Н.А.Семашко» Министерства здравоохранения Республики Бурятия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.A.Semashko State Republican Clinical Hospital, Ministry of Health of the Buryatiya Republic</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-8"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Читинская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chita State Medical Academy, Healthcare Ministry of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-9"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Республики Тыва «Республиканская больница № 1»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyva Republic State Republican Hospital No.1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-10"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное автономное учреждение здравоохранения Кемеровской области «Новокузнецкая городская клиническая больница № 1»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novokuznetsk City Clinical Hospital No.1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>245</fpage><lpage>251</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Демко И.В., Куделя Л.М., Собко Е.А., Соловьева И.А., Трофименко И.Н., Тетенева А.В., Гребенюк А.А., Ганюкова Н.Г., Гыргешкинова Н.С., Лукьянов С.А., Мандаржап Ч.Ч., Мещерякова О.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Демко И.В., Куделя Л.М., Собко Е.А., Соловьева И.А., Трофименко И.Н., Тетенева А.В., Гребенюк А.А., Ганюкова Н.Г., Гыргешкинова Н.С., Лукьянов С.А., Мандаржап Ч.Ч., Мещерякова О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Demko I.V., Kudelya L.M., Sobko E.A., Solov'eva I.A., Trofimenko I.N., Tetenevа A.V., Grebenyuk A.A., Ganyukova N.G., Gyrgeshkinova N.S., Luk'yanov S.A., Mandarzhap C.C., Meshcheryakova O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/1350">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/1350</self-uri><abstract><p>Хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких (ХОБЛ) представляет собой глобальную проблему современной медицины. За последние годы представление медицинского сообщества о ХОБЛ существенно изменилось, что связано в первую очередь с появлением новой классификации и выделением различных фенотипов заболевания. Эти изменения не могли не повлиять на тактику лечения ХОБЛ. В статье рассматриваются не только дискуссионные вопросы лечения ХОБЛ, представлен обзор изменений в международных (Гло - бальная инициатива по диагностике, лечению и профилактике ХОБЛ (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, 2018)) и национальных (2019) рекомендациях, но и значение и преимущества тройной терапии с точки зрения доказательной медицины, а также преимущества экстрамелкодисперсных препаратов при лечении бронхообструктивного синдрома.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global problem in modern medicine. In recent years, the medical community’s understanding of COPD has changed significantly, which is primarily due to the emergence of a new classification and the identification of various phenotypes of the disease. These changes could not affect the tactics of COPD treatment. The article discusses not only the debatable issues of treating COPD; it provides an overview of changes in international (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, 2018) and national (2019) recommendations, but also the significance and benefits of triple therapy in terms of evidence-based medicine as well as the benefits of extra-fine drugs in the treatment of bronchial obstructive syndrome.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких</kwd><kwd>обострение</kwd><kwd>противовоспалительная терапия</kwd><kwd>экстрамелкодисперсные ингаляционные глюкокортикостероиды</kwd><kwd>тройная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</kwd><kwd>exacerbation</kwd><kwd>anti-inflammatory therapy</kwd><kwd>extra-fine inhaled glucocorticosteroids</kwd><kwd>triple therapy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Публикация осуществлена при финансовой поддержке компа - нии «Кьези Фармасьютикалс».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This publication is supported by Chiesi Pharmaceuticals.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Müllerová H., Shukla A., Hawkins A., Quint J. Risk factors for acute exacerbations of COPD in a primary care population: a retrospective observational cohort study. BMJ Open. 2014; 4 (12): e006171. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006171.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Müllerová H., Shukla A., Hawkins A., Quint J. Risk factors for acute exacerbations of COPD in a primary care population: a retrospective observational cohort study. BMJ Open. 2014; 4 (12): e006171. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006171.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johannesdottir S.A., Christiansen C.F., Johansen M.B. et al. Hospitalization with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and associated health resource utilization: A population-based Danish cohort study. J. Med. Econ. 2013; 16 (7): 897–906. DOI: 10.3111/13696998.2013.800525.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Johannesdottir S.A., Christiansen C.F., Johansen M.B. et al. Hospitalization with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and associated health resource utilization: A population-based Danish cohort study. J. Med. Econ. 2013; 16 (7): 897–906. DOI: 10.3111/13696998.2013.800525.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чучалин А.Г., Авдеев С.Н., Айсанов З.Р. и др. Рос - сийское респираторное общество. Федеральные клинические рекомендации по диагностике и лечению хронической обструктивной болезни легких. Пульмо - нология. 2014; (3): 15–54. DOI: 10.18093/0869-0189-2014-0-3-15-54.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chuchalin A.G., Avdeev S.N., Aisanov Z.R. et al. Russian Respipatory Society. Federal Guidelines on Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Pul'mo - nologiya. 2014; (3): 15–54 54. DOI: 10.18093/0869-0189-2014-0-3-15-54 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. 2019 Re - port. Available at: https://goldcopd.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/GOLD-2019-v1.7-FINAL-14Nov2018-WMS.pdf [Accessed: November 11, 2018].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. 2019 Report. Available at: https://goldcopd.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/GOLD-2019-v1.7-FINAL-14Nov2018-WMS.pdf [Accessed: November 11, 2018].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">King P.T. Inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its role in cardiovascular disease and lung cancer. Clin. Transl. Med. 2015; 4: 26. DOI: 10.1186/s40169-015-0068-z.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">King P.T. Inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its role in cardiovascular disease and lung cancer. Clin. Transl. Med. 2015; 4: 26. DOI: 10.1186/s40169-015-0068-z.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pavord I.D., Lettis S., Locantore N. et al. Blood eosinophils and inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β-2 agonist efficacy in COPD. Thorax. 2016; 71 (2): 118–125. DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pavord I.D., Lettis S., Locantore N. et al. Blood eosinophils and inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β-2 agonist efficacy in COPD. Thorax. 2016; 71 (2): 118–125. DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Suissa S., Dell'Aniello S., Ernst P. Long-term natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: severe exacerbations and mortality. Thorax. 2012; 67 (11): 957–963. DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-201518.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Suissa S., Dell'Aniello S., Ernst P. Long-term natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: severe exacerbations and mortality. Thorax. 2012; 67 (11): 957–963. DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-201518.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Miravitlles M., Soler-Cataluña J.J., Calle M., Soriano J.B. Treatment of COPD by clinical phenotypes: putting old evidence into clinical practice. Eur. Respir. J. 2013; 41 (6): 1252–1256. DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00118912.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miravitlles M., Soler-Cataluña J.J., Calle M., Soriano J.B. Treatment of COPD by clinical phenotypes: putting old evidence into clinical practice. Eur. Respir. J. 2013; 41 (6): 1252–1256. DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00118912.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singh D., Kolsum U., Brightling C.E. et al. Eosinophilic inflammation in COPD: prevalence and clinical characteristics. Eur. Respir. J. 2014; 44 (6): 1697–1700.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singh D., Kolsum U., Brightling C.E. et al. Eosinophilic inflammation in COPD: prevalence and clinical characteristics. Eur. Respir. J. 2014; 44 (6): 1697–1700.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kolsum U., Damera G., Pham T.H. et al. Pulmonary inflammation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with higher blood eosinophil counts. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2017; 140 (4): 1181–1184e7. DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00162414.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kolsum U., Damera G., Pham T.H. et al. Pulmonary inflammation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with higher blood eosinophil counts. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2017; 140 (4): 1181–1184e7. DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00162414.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pavord I.D., Chanez P., Criner G.J. et al. Mepolizumab for eosinophilic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 2017; 377: 1613–1629. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1708208.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pavord I.D., Chanez P., Criner G.J. et al. Mepolizumab for eosinophilic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 2017; 377: 1613–1629. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1708208.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ortega H.G., Yancey S.W., Mayer B. et al. Severe eosino - philic asthma treated with mepolizumab stratified by baseline eosinophil thresholds: a secondary analysis of the DREAM and MENSA studies. Lancet Respir. Med. 2016; 4 (7): 549–556. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(16)30031-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ortega H.G., Yancey S.W., Mayer B. et al. Severe eosino - philic asthma treated with mepolizumab stratified by baseline eosinophil thresholds: a secondary analysis of the DREAM and MENSA studies. Lancet Respir. Med. 2016; 4 (7): 549–556. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(16)30031-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alfageme I., Reyes N., Merino M. et al. The effect of airflow limitation on the cause of death in patients with COPD. Chron. Respir. Dis. 2010; 7 (3): 135–145. DOI: 10.1177/1479972310368692.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alfageme I., Reyes N., Merino M. et al. The effect of airflow limitation on the cause of death in patients with COPD. Chron. Respir. Dis. 2010; 7 (3): 135–145. DOI: 10.1177/1479972310368692.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hurst J.R., Vestbo J., Anzueto A. et al. Susceptibility to exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 2010; 363: 1128–1138.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hurst J.R., Vestbo J., Anzueto A. et al. Susceptibility to exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 2010; 363: 1128–1138.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Soler-Cataluña J.J., Rodriguez-Roisin R. Frequent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbators: How much real, how much fictitious? COPD. 2010; 7 (4): 276–284. DOI: 10.3109/15412555.2010.496817.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Soler-Cataluña J.J., Rodriguez-Roisin R. Frequent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbators: How much real, how much fictitious? COPD. 2010; 7 (4): 276–284. DOI: 10.3109/15412555.2010.496817.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cosío B.G., Dacal D., de Llano L.P. Asthma–COPD overlap: identification and optimal treatment. Ther. Adv. Respir. Dis. 2018; 12: 1753466618805662. DOI: 10.1177/1753466618805662.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cosío B.G., Dacal D., de Llano L.P. Asthma–COPD overlap: identification and optimal treatment. Ther. Adv. Respir. Dis. 2018; 12: 1753466618805662. DOI: 10.1177/1753466618805662.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Невзорова В.А., Авдеев С.Н., Кондрашова Н.М. и др. Дискуссионные вопросы терапии хронической обструктивной болезни легких (материалы совета экспертов ДФО от 13.06.2018 г., Владивосток). Тихоокеанский медицинский журнал. 2019; 1 (75): 5–12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nevzorova V.A., Avdeev S.N., Kondrashova N.M. et al. [Argumentative issues of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (materials of panel of experts, Far Eastern Federal District from 06/13/2018, Vladivostok)]. Tikhookeanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal. 2019; 1 (75): 5–12 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Usmani O.S., Biddiscombe M.F., Barnes P.J. Regional lung deposition and bronchodilator response as a function of beta2-agonist particle size. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2005; 172 (12): 1497–1504. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200410-1414OC.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Usmani O.S., Biddiscombe M.F., Barnes P.J. Regional lung deposition and bronchodilator response as a function of beta2-agonist particle size. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2005; 172 (12): 1497–1504. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200410-1414OC.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Овчаренко С.И., Лещенко И.В. Хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких: Руководство для практикующих врачей. Под ред. А.Г. Чучалина. М.: ГЭОТАРМедиа; 2016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ovcharenko S.I., Leshchenko I.V. [Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Practical handbook]. Edited by A.G.Chuchalin. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2016 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singh D., Brooks J., Hagan G. et al. Superiority of ”triple” therapy with salmeterol/fluticasone propionate and tiotropium bromide versus individual components in moderate to severe COPD. Thorax. 2008; 63 (7): 592–598. DOI: 10.1136/thx.2007.087213.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singh D., Brooks J., Hagan G. et al. Superiority of "triple" therapy with salmeterol/fluticasone propionate and tiotropium bromide versus individual components in moderate to severe COPD. Thorax. 2008; 63 (7): 592–598. DOI: 10.1136/thx.2007.087213.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee S.D., Xie C.M., Yunus F. et al. Efficacy and tolerability of budesonide/formoterol added to tiotropium compared with tiotropium alone in patients with severe or very severe COPD: A randomized, multicentre study in East Asia. Respirology. 2016; 21 (1): 119–127. DOI: 10.1111/resp.12646.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee S.D., Xie C.M., Yunus F. et al. Efficacy and tolerability of budesonide/formoterol added to tiotropium compared with tiotropium alone in patients with severe or very severe COPD: A randomized, multicentre study in East Asia. Res - pirology. 2016; 21 (1): 119–127. DOI: 10.1111/resp.12646.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Usmani O.S., Singh D., Spinola M. et al. The prevalence of small airways disease in adult asthma: a systematic literature review. Respir. Med. 2016; 116: 19–27. DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2016.05.006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Usmani O.S., Singh D., Spinola M. et al. The prevalence of small airways disease in adult asthma: a systematic literature review. Respir. Med. 2016; 116: 19–27. DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2016.05.006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Авдеев С.Н., Айсанов З.Р., Архипов В.В. и др. Со - гласованные рекомендации по обоснованию выбора терапии бронхиальной астмы и хронической обструктивной болезни легких с учетом фенотипа заболевания и роли малых дыхательных путей. Атмосфера. Пульмонология и аллергология. 2013; (2): 15–26.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Avdeev S.N., Aisanov Z.R., Arkhipov V.V. et al. [Agreed recommendations on the rationale for the choice of therapy for bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, taking into account the phenotype of the disease and the role of the small respiratory tract]. Atmosfera. Pul'mo - nologiya i allergologiya. 2013; (2): 15–26 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yanai M., Sekizawa K., Ohrui T. et al. Site of airway obstruction in pulmonary disease: direct measurement of intrabronchial pressure. J. Appl. Physiol. (1985). 1992; 72 (3): 1016–1023. DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1992.72.3.1016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yanai M., Sekizawa K., Ohrui T. et al. Site of airway obstruction in pulmonary disease: direct measurement of intrabronchial pressure. J. Appl. Physiol. (1985). 1992; 72 (3): 1016–1023. DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1992.72.3.1016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burgel P.R. The role of small airways in obstructive airway diseases. Eur. Respir. Rev. 2011; 20 (119): 023–033. DOI: 10.1183/09059180.00010410.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burgel P.R. The role of small airways in obstructive airway diseases. Eur. Respir. Rev. 2011; 20 (119): 023–033. DOI: 10.1183/09059180.00010410.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Postma D.S., Brightling C., Baldi S. et al. Exploring the relevance and extent of small airways dysfunction in asthma (ATLANTIS): baseline data from a prospective cohort study. Lancet Respir. Med. 2019; 7 (5): 402–416. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(19)30049-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Postma D.S., Brightling C., Baldi S. et al. Exploring the relevance and extent of small airways dysfunction in asthma (ATLANTIS): baseline data from a prospective cohort study. Lancet Respir. Med. 2019; 7 (5): 402–416. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(19)30049-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cottini M., Lombardi C., Micheletto C. Small airway dysfunction and bronchial asthma control: the state of the art. Asthma Res. Prac. 2015; 1: 13. DOI: 10.1186/s40733-015-0013-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cottini M., Lombardi C., Micheletto C. Small airway dys - function and bronchial asthma control: the state of the art. Asthma Res. Prac. 2015; 1: 13. DOI: 10.1186/s40733-015-0013-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wedzicha J.A., Singh D., Vestbo J. et al. Extrafine beclo - methasone/formoterol in severe COPD patients with history of exacerbations. Respir. Med. 2014; 108 (8): 1153–1162. DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2014.05.013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wedzicha J.A., Singh D., Vestbo J. et al. Extrafine beclo - methasone/formoterol in severe COPD patients with history of exacerbations. Respir. Med. 2014; 108 (8): 1153–1162. DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2014.05.013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singh D., Corradi M., Spinola M. et al. Extrafine beclometasone diproprionate/formoterol fumarate: a review of its effects in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. NPJ Prim. Care Respir. Med. 2016; 26: 16030. DOI: 10.1038/npjpcrm.2016.30.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singh D., Corradi M., Spinola M. et al. Extrafine beclo - metasone diproprionate/formoterol fumarate: a review of its effects in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. NPJ Prim. Care Respir. Med. 2016; 26: 16030. DOI: 10.1038/npjpcrm.2016.30.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brusselle G., Pavord I.D., Landis S. et al. Blood eosinophil levels as a biomarker in COPD. Respir. Med. 2018; 138: 21–31. DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2018.03.016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brusselle G., Pavord I.D., Landis S. et al. Blood eosinophil levels as a biomarker in COPD. Respir. Med. 2018; 138: 21–31. DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2018.03.016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nair P. Update on clinical inflammometry for the management of airway diseases. Can. Respir. J. 2013; 20: 602936. DOI: 10.1155/2013/602936.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nair P. Update on clinical inflammometry for the management of airway diseases. Can. Respir. J. 2013; 20: 602936. DOI: 10.1155/2013/602936.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lipworth B.J., Kuo C.R., Jabbal S. Current appraisal of single inhaler triple therapy in COPD. Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis. 2018; 13: 3003–3009. DOI: 10.2147/copd.s177333.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lipworth B.J., Kuo C.R., Jabbal S. Current appraisal of single inhaler triple therapy in COPD. Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis. 2018; 13: 3003–3009. DOI: 10.2147/copd.s177333.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Postma D.S., Roche N., Colice G. et al. Comparing the effectiveness of small-particle versus large-particle inhaled corticosteroid in COPD. Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis. 2014; 9 (1): 1163–1186. DOI: 10.2147/COPD.S68289.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Postma D.S., Roche N., Colice G. et al. Comparing the effectiveness of small-particle versus large-particle inhaled corticosteroid in COPD. Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis. 2014; 9 (1): 1163–1186. DOI: 10.2147/COPD.S68289.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Crisafulli E., Pisi R., Aiello M. et al. Prevalence of small-airway dysfunction among COPD patients with different GOLD stages and its role in the impact of disease. Respiration. 2017; 93: 32–41. DOI: 10.1159/000452479.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Crisafulli E., Pisi R., Aiello M. et al. Prevalence of small-airway dysfunction among COPD patients with different GOLD stages and its role in the impact of disease. Respiration. 2017; 93: 32–41. DOI: 10.1159/000452479.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singh D., Nicolini G., Bindi E. et al. Extrafine Beclometha - sone/Formoterol Compared to Fluticasone/Salmeterol Com bination Therapy in COPD. BMC Pulm Med. 2014; 14: 43. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2466-14-43.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singh D., Nicolini G., Bindi E. et al. Extrafine Beclometha - sone/Formoterol Compared to Fluticasone/Salmeterol Combination Therapy in COPD. BMC Pulm Med. 2014; 14: 43. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2466-14-43.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sonnappa S., Martin R., Israel E. et al. Risk of pneumonia in obstructive lung disease: A real-life study comparing extra-fine and fine-particle inhaled corticosteroids. PLoS One. 2017; 15; 12 (6): e0178112. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178112.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sonnappa S., Martin R., Israel E. et al. Risk of pneumonia in obstructive lung disease: A real-life study comparing extra-fine and fine-particle inhaled corticosteroids. PLoS One. 2017; 15; 12 (6): e0178112. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178112.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
