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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2020-30-2-193-203</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-1345</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Метод вымывания азота при множественном дыхании и структурные изменения бронхолегочной системы у взрослых больных муковисцидозом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nitrogen leaching in multiple breathing and structural changes in the bronchopulmonary system in adult patients with cystic fibrosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2001-5504</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черняк</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernyak</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., заведующий лабораторией функциональных и ультразвуковых методов исследования, 115682, Москва, Ореховый бульвар, 28;</p><p>врач функциональной диагностики отделения функциональной и ультразвуковой диагностики,</p><p>105077, Москва, ул. 11-я Парковая, 32</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medicine, Head of Laboratory of Functional and Ultra-sound Investigations, Orekhovyy bul'var 28, Moscow, 115682;</p><p>functional diagnostic medicine practitioner, Department of functional and ultrasound diagnostics, ul. Odinnadtsataya Parkovaya 32, Moscow, 105077</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">achi2000@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9509-0867</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Неклюдова</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Neklyudova</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории функциональных и ультразвуковых методов исследования, 115682, Москва, Ореховый бульвар, 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medicine, Leading Researcher,</p><p>Orekhovyy bul'var 28, Moscow, 115682</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nekludova_gala@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9642-0947</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Красовский</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasovskiy</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории муковисцидоза, 115682, Москва, Ореховый бульвар, 28;</p><p>врач-пульмонолог отделения муковисцидоза, 105077, Москва, ул. 11-я Парковая, 32</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medicine, Senior scientist of the Cystic fibrosis Laboratory, Orekhovyy bul'var 28, Moscow, 115682;</p><p>Pulmonologist of the Cystic Fibrosis Department, ul. Odinnadtsataya Parkovaya 32, Moscow, 105077</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sa_krasovsky@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9795-7022</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайличенко</surname><given-names>К. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhaylichenko</surname><given-names>K. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник лаборатории патологической анатомии, 115682, Москва, Ореховый бульвар, 28;</p><p>врач-рентгенолог отделения лучевой диагностики, 124489, Зеленоград, Москва, Каштановая аллея, 2, стр. 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Laboratory of Pathology, Orekhovyy bul'var 28, Moscow, 115682;</p><p>Radiologist, department of radiology, Kashtanovaуa all. 2, build. 7, Moscow, Zelenograd, 7124489</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kirr.mih@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4804-6142</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Науменко</surname><given-names>Ж. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naumenko</surname><given-names>Zh. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории функциональных и ультразвуковых методов исследования, 115682, Москва, Ореховый бульвар, 28;</p><p>врач функциональной диагностики отделения функциональной и ультразвуковой диагностики,  105077, Москва, ул. 11-я Парковая, 32</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medicine, Senior Researcher at Laboratory of Functional and Ultrasound Investigations, Orekhovyy bul'var 28, Moscow, 115682;</p><p>functional diagnostic medicine practitioner, Department of Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, ul. Odinnadtsataya Parkovaya 32, Moscow, 105077</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">naumenko_janna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поливанов</surname><given-names>Г. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polivanov</surname><given-names>G. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., врач-рентгенолог кабинета компьютерной томографии рентгеновского отделения, </p><p>105077, Москва, ул. 11-я Парковая, 32</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medicine, Radiologist, X-ray computed tomography cabinet, </p><p>ul. Odinnadtsataya Parkovaya 32, Moscow, 105077</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pulmoct@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии» Федерального медико-биологического агентства;&#13;
Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения города Москвы «Городская клиническая больница имени Д.Д.Плетнева Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Pulmonology Research Institute, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia;&#13;
D.D.Pletnev City Teaching Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии» Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Pulmonology Research Institute, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии» Федерального медико-биологического агентства;&#13;
Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения города Москвы «Городская клиническая больница им. М.П.Кончаловского Департамента&#13;
здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Pulmonology Research Institute, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia;&#13;
M.P.Konchalovskiy City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения города Москвы «Городская клиническая больница имени Д.Д.Плетнева Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>D.D.Pletnev City Teaching Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>193</fpage><lpage>203</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Черняк А.В., Неклюдова Г.В., Красовский С.А., Михайличенко К.Ю., Науменко Ж.К., Поливанов Г.Э., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Черняк А.В., Неклюдова Г.В., Красовский С.А., Михайличенко К.Ю., Науменко Ж.К., Поливанов Г.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chernyak A.V., Neklyudova G.V., Krasovskiy S.A., Mikhaylichenko K.Y., Naumenko Z.K., Polivanov G.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/1345">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/1345</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью данной работы явилась оценка функциональных и структурных нарушений бронхолегочной системы, выявленных с помощью компьютерной томографии высокого разрешения (КТВР) у взрослых пациентов с муковисцидозом (МВ), и определение корреляции между ними.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В поперечное исследование были включены больные МВ (n = 54: 20 мужчин, 34 женщины; медиана возраста – 25 лет) и здоровые добровольцы (n = 32: 12 мужчин, 20 женщин; медиана возраста – 25 лет). Проводились комплексное исследование функции внешнего дыхания (ФВД) – спирометрия, бодиплетизмография и измерение диффузионной способности легких по монооксиду углерода (DLCO), вымывания азота при множественном дыхании (ВАМД) и КТВР. Одышка оценивалась по модифицированной шкале одышки (Modified Research Council – mMRC). Измерения ВАМД проводились с использованием модуля Easy-One Pro, MBW (NDD Medizintechnik AG, Швейцария). Анализ данных КТВР в соответствии с классификацией по шкале Bhalla выполнялся двумя независимыми опытными врачами-рентгенологами.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Среднее значение (± SD) объема форсированного выдоха за 1-ю секунду (ОФВ1) составило 63 ± 26 %долж., форсированной жизненной емкости легких (ФЖЕЛ) – 86 ± 20 %долж., соотношения ОФВ1 / ФЖЕЛ – 61 ± 15 %; остаточного объема легких (ООЛ) – 220 ± 71 %долж., соотношения ООЛ / общая емкость легких (ОЕЛ) – 48 ± 13 %, внутригрудного объема газа – 150 ± 33 %долж., DLCO – 80 ± 16 %долж., индекса легочного клиренса (LCI) – 16,9 ± 5,0; отношения моментов (MR2) – 54,7 ± 34,1. У всех больных выявлены бронхоэктазы с преимущественным поражением &gt; 9 сегментов и поражение бронхов от V генерации и дистальнее. Перибронхиальная инфильтрация и мукоидные пробки также диагностированы практически у всех пациентов (94 и 96 % соответственно), в то время как бронхогенные кисты или абсцессы, ателектазы / консолидация, буллы или эмфизема выявлялись достаточно редко (30, 35, 20 и 17 % случаев соответственно). Параметры ВАМД статистически значимо коррелировали как с параметрами ФВД, так и данными КТВР.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У взрослых больных МВ присутствует значительная неравномерность легочной вентиляции, прогрессирующая по мере нарастания структурных повреждений бронхолегочной системы и ухудшения ФВД. При статистически значимом увеличении MR подчеркивается вовлечение в патологический процесс не только центральных, но и периферических дыхательных путей. Установлено, что у взрослых больных МВ существует сильная корреляционная связь между LCI и выраженностью структурных изменений, определяемых с помощью КТВР, сопоставимая по силе и значимости с ОФВ1. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this work was to assess the functional and structural disorders of the bronchopulmonary system detected by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), and to determine the correlation between them.</p><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. A cross-sectional study included patients with CF (n = 54: 20 male and 34 female; median age 25 years) and healthy volunteers (n = 32: 12 male, 20 female; median age 25 years). A complex study of the pulmonary function test (PFT) was carried out; it included spirometry, bodyplethysmography and measurement of the diffusing lung capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), nitrogen leaching in multiple respiration (NLMR) and HRCT. Dyspnea was assessed using the Modified Research Council Scale (mMRC). NLMR measurements were performed using the Easy-One Pro module, MBW (NDD Medizintechnik AG, Switzerland). Analysis of HRCT data according to the Bhalla classification was performed by two independent, experienced radiologists.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The mean value (± SD) of the forced expiratory volume for 1 second (FEV1) was 63 ± 26% of the proper value, forced vital capacity of the lungs (FVC) was 86 ± 20% of the proper value, the ratio of FEV1/FVC was 61 ± 15%; residual lung volume (RLV) was 220 ± 71% of the proper value, the ratio of RLV/ total lung capacity (TLC) was 48 ± 13%, intrathoracic gas volume was 150 ± 33% of the proper value, DLCO was 80 ± 16% of the proper value, lung clearance index (LCI) was 16.9 ± 5.0; moment ratio (MR2) was 54.7 ± 34.1. Bronchoectases with predominant lesions of &gt; 9 segments and bronchial lesions from V generation and more distal were found in all patients. Peribronchial infiltration and mucoid plugs were also diagnosed in almost all patients (94 and 96%, respectively), while bronchogenic cysts or abscesses, atelectasis/consolidation, bullae or emphysema were rarely detected (in 30, 35, 20, and 17% of cases, respectively). The parameters of NLMR were statistically significantly correlated with both the PFT parameters and the HRTC data.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In adult patients with CF, there is a significant unevenness of pulmonary ventilation, progressing as structural damage to the bronchopulmonary system increases and the PFT worsens. With a statistically significant increase in MR, the involvement of not only the central, but also peripheral airways in the pathological process is emphasized. It has been established that in adult CF patients there is a strong correlation between LCI and the severity of structural changes, detected by HRCT, comparable in strength and significance to FEV1. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метод вымывания азота при множественном дыхании</kwd><kwd>муковисцидоз</kwd><kwd>взрослые</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nitrogen leaching method during multiple respiration</kwd><kwd>cystic fibrosis</kwd><kwd>adults</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы статьи выражают благодарность сотрудникам отделения муковисцидоза и кабинета компьютерной томографии рентгенологического отделения Государственного бюджетного учреждения здравоохранения города Москвы «Городская клиническая больница имени Д.Д.Плетнева Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы» за оказанную помощь и участие в работе.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Красовский С.А., Черняк А.В., Амелина Е.Л. и др. 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