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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2019-29-4-419-427</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-1194</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Будесонид / формотерол Турбухалер® в режиме «по потребности» при легкой бронхиальной астме: результаты исследований SYGMA-1, -2 (SYmbicort® Given as needed in Mild Asthma)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Budesonide/formoterol Turbuhaler® as needed in mild asthma: results of SYGMA-1 and SYGMA-2 trials (SYmbicort® Given as needed in Mild Asthma)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авдеев</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avdeev</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Авдеев Сергей Николаевич – доктор медицинских наук, член-корреспондент Российской академии наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой пульмонологии</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey N. Avdeev, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Corresponding Member of Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of Department of Pulmonology</p><p>ul. Trubetskaya 8, build. 2, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">serg_avdeev@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Айсанов</surname><given-names>З. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aisanov</surname><given-names>Z. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Айсанов Заурбек Рамазанович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры пульмонологии</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zaurbek R. Aisanov, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Department of Pulmonology, Faculty of Postgraduate Physician Training</p><p>ul. Ostrovityanova 1, Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aisanov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белевский</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belevskiy</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белевский Андрей Станиславович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой пульмонологии</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey S. Belevskiy. Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Head of Department of Pulmonology, Faculty of Postgraduate Physician Training</p><p>ul. Ostrovityanova 1, Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pulmobas@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Емельянов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Emelyanov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Емельянов Александр Викторович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой пульмонологии</p><p>191015, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, 41</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Аlexander.V. Emelyanov, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Head of Department of Pulmonology</p><p>ul. Kirochnaya 41, Saint Petersburg, 191015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">emelav@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Княжеская</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Knyazheskaya</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Княжеская Надежда Павловна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры пульмонологии</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda P. Knyazheskaya, Candidate of Medicine, Associate Professor at Department of of Pulmonology, Faculty of Postgraduate Physician Training</p><p>ul. Ostrovityanova 1, Moscow, 117997</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kniajeskaia@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курбачева</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurbacheva</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курбачева Оксана Михайловна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая отделением бронхиальной астмы</p><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24, корп. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana M. Kurbacheva, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Federal Academic Center "Institute of Immunology"</p><p>Kashirskoe shosse 24, build. 2, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kurbacheva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лещенко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leshchenko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лещенко Игорь Викторович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры фтизиатрии, пульмонологии и торакальной хирургии</p><p>620028, Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor' V. Leshchenko, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Department of Phthisiology, Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery</p><p>ul. Repina 3, Ekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">leshchenkoiv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ненашева</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nenasheva</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ненашева Наталья Михайловна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры клинической аллергологии</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2 / 1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natal'ya M. Nenasheva, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Department of Clinical Allergology</p><p> ul. Barrikadnaya 2/1, Moscow, 123995</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">1444031@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М.Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Healthcare Ministry of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И.Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I.Pirogov Federal Russian National Research Medical University, Healthcare Ministry of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И.Мечникова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.I.Mechnikov State North-West Medical University, Healthcare Ministry of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Государственный научный центр "Институт иммунологии"» Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center "Institute of Immunology", Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Federal State Medical University, Healthcare Ministry of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение дополнительного профессионального образования «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Federal Academy of Continued Medical Education, Healthcare Ministry of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>419</fpage><lpage>427</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Авдеев С.Н., Айсанов З.Р., Белевский А.С., Емельянов А.В., Княжеская Н.П., Курбачева О.М., Лещенко И.В., Ненашева Н.М., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Авдеев С.Н., Айсанов З.Р., Белевский А.С., Емельянов А.В., Княжеская Н.П., Курбачева О.М., Лещенко И.В., Ненашева Н.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Avdeev S.N., Aisanov Z.R., Belevskiy A.S., Emelyanov A.V., Knyazheskaya N.P., Kurbacheva O.M., Leshchenko I.V., Nenasheva N.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/1194">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/1194</self-uri><abstract><p>Согласно современным представлениям, бронхиальная астма (БА) – это гетерогенное заболевание, характеризующееся хроническим воспалением дыхательных путей, наличием различных по времени и интенсивности респираторных симптомов, которые проявляются вместе с вариабельной обструкцией дыхательных путей. В целом БА является причиной ухудшения статуса здоровья и качества жизни примерно у 339 млн взрослых и детей. Несмотря на то, что БА является хроническим заболеванием, в основе которого лежит воспаление, в реальной клинической практике пациенты с БА получают противовоспалительную базисную терапию в недостаточном объеме, чрезмерно полагаясь на короткодействующие β2-агонисты (КДБА), применение которых может маскировать ухудшение симптомов заболевания. Монотерапия КДБА в режиме «по потребности» не оказывает влияния на хроническое воспаление дыхательных путей, лежащее в основе развития и прогрессирования БА. В результате у этих пациентов сохраняется риск обострений БА и прогрессирования заболевания. Принимая во внимание низкую приверженность пациентов базисной терапии и высокую зависимость от применения КДБА, очевидным становится факт необходимости появления новой стратегии ведения пациентов с более легким течением БА (ступени терапии I–II), при использовании которой будет учтена необходимость противовоспалительной терапии БА. Появление нового подхода стало возможным после получения результатов клинической программы SYGMA (SYmbicort® Given as needed in Mild Asthma – Симбикорт® по потребности у пациентов с легкой БА). Эффективность применения комбинации будесонид / формотерол 160 / 4,5 мкг / доза в режиме «по потребности» превосходила таковую при использовании КДБА «по потребности» в отношении контроля над симптомами БА и снижения частоты тяжелых обострений на 64 % (p &lt; 0,001). По результатам исследований SYGMA-1 и -2 также подтверждено, что использование комбинации будесонид / формотерол 160 / 4,5 мкг / доза «по потребности» не менее эффективно предупреждает обострения БА по сравнению с регулярным приемом будесонида при снижении кумулятивной дозы будесонида не менее чем на 75 %.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>According to the modern concepts, asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation and respiratory symptoms, which vary in time and intensity and manifest together with variable obstruction of the airways. Asthma is responsible for the deterioration of health status and quality of life in approximately 339 million of adult patients and children worldwide. Despite the fact that asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease, patients with asthma generally inadequately receive anti-inflammatory therapy in real clinical practice and rely on short-acting beta2-agonists (SABA) too much; this can “mimic” worsening of asthma symptoms. SABA monotherapy “on demand” does not affect chronic airway inflammation, underlying asthma occurrence and progression. As a result, such patients still have the risk of asthma exacerbation and disease progression. Therefore, the need of a new therapeutic strategy for patients with milder asthma (steps 1 and 2), which would provide anti-inflammatory treatment considering the low adherence to the regular maintenance therapy and high dependency on SABA, is obvious. Such approach has become available after the SYGMA (SYmbicort® Given as needed in Mild Asthma) trial was completed. According to the results of this trial, budesonide/formoterol 160/4.5 µg/dose as needed was superior to as needed SABA in better asthma control and decrease in severe asthma exacerbation rate by 64% (p &lt; 0.001). Results of SYGMA 1 and 2 trials also demonstrated that budesonide/formoterol 160/4.5 µg/dose as needed was noninferior compared to regular treatment with budesonide in preventing severe asthma exacerbations while the cumulative dose of budesonide was reduced by ≥75%.</p><p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>ингаляционные глюкокортикостероиды</kwd><kwd>короткодействующие бронходилататоры</kwd><kwd>фиксированная комбинация будесонид / формотерол по потребности</kwd><kwd>клиническая программа SYGMA (SYmbicort® Given as needed in Mild Asthma)</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>asthma</kwd><kwd>inhaled corticosteroids</kwd><kwd>short-acting β2-agonists</kwd><kwd>budesonide/formoterol fixed combination as needed</kwd><kwd>SYGMA trial (SYmbicort® Given as needed in Mild Asthma).</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Российское респираторное общество. 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