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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pulmo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пульмонология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PULMONOLOGIYA</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0189</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific and Practical Journal “PULMONOLOGIYA” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18093/0869-0189-2018-28-4-446-452</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pulmo-1031</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Предикторы неблагоприятного исхода при обострении хронической обструктивной болезни легких</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Predictors of poor outcomes in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Со</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soe</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры госпитальной терапии педиатрического факультета</p><p>тел.: (926) 437-32-63</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student, Department of Hospital Internal Medicine; Pediatric Faculty</p><p>tel.: (926) 437-32-63</p><p>ul. Ostrovityanova 1, Moscow, 117997, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.aksoe2010@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авдеев</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avdeev</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., член-корр. Российской академии наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой пульмонологии Федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М.Сеченова» Министерства  здравоохранения Российской Федерации; руководитель  клинического отдела Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Научно- исследовательский институт пульмонологии» Федерального  медико-биологического агентства</p><p>тел.: (495) 708-35-76</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p><p>115682, Москва, Ореховый бульвар, 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Corresponding Member of Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of Department of Pulmonology, I.M.Sechenov Federal First Moscow State  Medical University, Healthcare Ministry of Russia (Sechenov  University); Head of Clinical Division, Federal Pulmonology  Research Institute, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia</p><p>tel.: (495) 708-35-76</p><p>ul. Trubetskaya 8, build. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russia</p><p>Orekhovyy bul'var 28, Moscow, 115682, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">serg_avdeev@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нуралиева</surname><given-names>Г. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nuralieva</surname><given-names>G. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., доцент кафедры пульмонологии Федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждениявысшего образования «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М.Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, научный сотрудник  лаборатории интенсивной терапии и дыхательной  недостаточности Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии» Федерального медико-биологического агентства</p><p>тел.: (495) 708-35-76</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p><p>115682, Москва, Ореховый бульвар, 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medicine, Associate Professor, Department of Pulmonology, I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Healthcare Ministry of Russia (Sechenov  University); Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Intensive Care  and Respiratory Failure, Federal Pulmonology Research  Institute, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia</p><p>tel. (495) 708-35-76</p><p>ul. Trubetskaya 8, build. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russia</p><p>Orekhovyy bul'var 28, Moscow, 115682, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galia32@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайнитдинова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaynitdinova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор кафедры пульмонологии</p><p>тел.: (495) 708-35-76</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Department of Pulmonology</p><p>tel.: (495) 708-35-76</p><p>ul. Trubetskaya 8, build. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivv_08@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чучалин</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chuchalin</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор, академик</p><p>тел.: (499) 780-08-50</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Academician of Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of Department of Hospital Internal Medicine,Pediatric Faculty</p><p>tel.: (499) 780-08-50</p><p>ul. Ostrovityanova 1, Moscow, 117997, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pulmomoskva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский&#13;
университет имени Н.И.Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I.Pirogov Federal Russian State National Research Medical University, Healthcare Ministry of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Московский государственный медицинский&#13;
университет имени И.М.Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации&#13;
&#13;
Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии» Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M.Sechenov Federal First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Healthcare Ministry of Russia&#13;
&#13;
Federal Pulmonology Research Institute, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Московский государственный медицинский&#13;
университет имени И.М.Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M.Sechenov Federal First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Healthcare Ministry of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>446</fpage><lpage>452</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Со А.К., Авдеев С.Н., Нуралиева Г.С., Гайнитдинова В.В., Чучалин А.Г., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Со А.К., Авдеев С.Н., Нуралиева Г.С., Гайнитдинова В.В., Чучалин А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Soe A.K., Avdeev S.N., Nuralieva G.S., Gaynitdinova V.V., Chuchalin A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/1031">https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/1031</self-uri><abstract><p>Тяжелые обострения хронической обструктивной болезни легких (ХОБЛ) оказывают независимое негативное влияние на прогноз у пациентов. Для проведения адекватной  интенсивной терапии и более тщательного последующего наблюдения при обострении  ХОБЛ важно выявить предикторы неблагоприятного исхода.</p><p>Целью исследования явилось определение предикторов неблагоприятного исхода заболевания у пациентов, госпитализированных с тяжелыми обострениями ХОБЛ.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В 2015–2016 гг. в пульмонологическом отделении  Государственного бюджетного учреждения здравоохранения города Москвы «Городская  клиническая больница имени Д.Д.Плетнева Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы» проведено ретроспективное обсервационное когортное исследование, включавшее  пациентов (n = 121), госпитализированных с тяжелым обострением ХОБЛ. Больные были  распределены в зависимости от исхода заболевания. К числу неблагоприятных исходов  относились по крайней мере один из следующих: необходимость инвазивной (ИВЛ) или  неинвазивной (НВЛ) вентиляции легких, перевод в отделение реанимации и интенсивной  терапии (ОРИТ), смерть во время госпитализации и повторная госпитализация, связанная с  ХОБЛ, в течение 2 мес. Оценивались и сравнивались, в т. ч. при использовании различных  многомерных прогностических шкал, демографические, клинические, лабораторные  параметры, показатели функции внешнего дыхания и газов крови.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Неблагоприятный исход отмечен в 45 (37 %) случаях: НВЛ − у 21 (17 %), ИВЛ – у 8 (6 %), перевод в ОРИТ – у 16 (13 %), летальный исход – у 6 (5 %), повторные  госпитализации – у 27 (22 %) пациентов. Показано, что лица с неблагоприятным исходом  чаще прибывали в стационар по скорой помощи (62 % vs 40 %; р = 0,003), в предыдущем  году чаще госпитализировались с обострением ХОБЛ (69 % vs 45 %; р = 0,0006); при  поступлении в стационар у них также отмечался более низкий уровень рН (р = 0,001) и  парциального давления кислорода в артериальной крови (р = 0,001), более высокие  значения парциального давления углекислого газа (р = 0,001) и худшие показатели по  нескольким прогностическим шкалам – APACHE II (13,9 ± 5,4 балла vs 7,8 ± 3,6 балла; р =  0,001), DECAF (2,4 ± 0,6 балла vs 1,5 ± 0,6 балла; р = 0,001), BODEx (5,6 ± 1,8 балла vs  3,9 ± 1,1 балла; р = 0,001), DOSE (2,9 ± 1,5 балла vs 2,2 ± 1,2 балла; р = 0,029) и ADO  (4,9 ± 1,5 балла vs 4,3 ± 1,3 балла; р = 0,015). У таких больных чаще проводилась кислородотерапия (87 % vs 46 %; р = 0,001), отмечался более длительный срок  пребывания в стационаре (19,2 ± 6,2 койко-дня vs 12,5 ± 1,8 койко-дня; р = 0,001). </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Продемонстрировано, что предикторами неблагоприятного исхода у госпитализированных в течение предыдущего года пациентов с обострением ХОБЛ  являются гиперкапния, гипоксемия и низкие показатели оценки состояния при помощи  прогностических шкал при поступлении в стационар. Такие больные нуждаются в более  интенсивной терапии и тщательном наблюдении.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this study was to identify predictors of poor outcomes in patients hospitalized for severe acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD).</p><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. This retrospective, observational cohort study was conducted in Pulmonology Department of a city hospital in 2015 – 2016 and involved patients  hospitalized for severe AECOPD. Patients were divided according to outcomes. Poor  outcomes included at least one of the followings: the need in invasive (IMV)  or non-invasive (NIV) ventilation, admission to ICU, in-hospital death and COPD- related readmission during 2 months. Demographic, clinical, laboratory  parameters, pulmonary function tests and blood gas analysis were analyzed;  different multidimensional prognostic scores were also evaluated and compared.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Of 121 patients included, a poor outcome had occurred in 45 patients (37%). Among them, NIV was required in 21 (17%), IMV in 8 (6%), and admission to ICU in 16 patients (13%); death was registered in 6 patients (5%) and  readmission in 27 (22%) of the patients. Patients with poor outcomes were  admitted more frequently by ambulance (62% vs 40%; p = 0.003), more often  were admitted to a hospital for AECOPD in the previous year (69% vs 45%; p =  0.0006), and had lower pH (p = 0.001), lower PaO2 (p = 0.001), higher PaCO2 (p  = 0.001), and a worse score on several prognostic scales such as APACHE II (13.9  ± 5.4 vs 7.8 ± 3.6; p = 0.001), DECAF (2.4 ± 0.6 vs 1.5 ± 0.6; p = 0.001),  BODEx (5.6 ± 1.8 vs 3.9 ± 1.1; p = 0.001), DOSE (2.9 ± 1.5 vs 2.2 ± 1.2; p =  0.029), and ADO (4.9 ± 1.5 vs 4.3 ± 1.3; p = 0.015) at admission. They more  frequently received O2 therapy (87% vs 46%; p = 0.001) and had longer hospital  stay (19.2 ± 6.2 days vs 12.5 ± 1.8 days; p = 0.001). </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Hypercapnia, hypoxemia and worse prognostic scores on admission predicted poor outcome in patients hospitalized for AECOPD during the previous year.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких</kwd><kwd>тяжелые обострения</kwd><kwd>предикторы</kwd><kwd>исход</kwd><kwd>прогностические шкалы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COPD</kwd><kwd>severe exacerbations</kwd><kwd>predictors</kwd><kwd>outcomes</kwd><kwd>prognostic factors.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Pre - vention of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. 2018 Report. 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